Gideon Toury

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Gideon Toury (2013)

Gideon Toury (born June 6, 1942 in Haifa ; † October 4, 2016 in Tel Aviv ) was an Israeli professor of literary theory , comparative literature and translation theory at Tel Aviv University and worked as a translator.

Life

Gideon Toury was born in Haifa in 1942 as the son of the historian Jacob Toury (1915-2004) and completed his A-levels in 1960 at the Reali School in Haifa. In 1970 he graduated from Tel Aviv University in Hebrew Literature and received his doctorate in 1977 in literary theory.

Create

From 1970 to 1983 he worked actively with Benjamin Harshav, Itamar Even-Zohar and Menachem Perry on the journal "Literatur" and since 1989 has published an international journal on translation called "Target: International Journal of Translation Studies" , of which he was also the founder. He was also the editor of “Benjamin's Translation Studies”.

In 1989 he was the first professor of the Research Summer School of the Center for Translation Studies (CETRA), a research program in translation studies that was launched that same year at the University of Leuven . He worked for other international research communities, such as the International Comparative Literature Association (ICLA) or the Association Internationale de Linguistique Appliquée (AILA) and from 2011 to 2004 he was Deputy President of the European Society for Translation Studies (EST).

He became a full professor in 1991 and was head of the School of Cultural Studies at Tel Aviv University between 1996 and 2000 .

research

The main research focus of Gideon Toury was translation theory, where he was a representative of Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).

His dissertation with the title "Translational Norms and Literary Translation into Hebrew, 1930-1945" was published in 1977 and contains a systematic presentation of translation standards, on the basis of which he describes a period of literary translation into Hebrew. In 1980 he published "In Search of a Theory of Translation", which includes a collection of theoretical treatises. He discusses both the theoretical and the practical influence of translation within the DTS and the translation behavior depending on cultural aspects between the source and target culture. In his work "Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond" from 1995 he goes back to his second book and explains the methodological connection between context, that is, the source and target culture, and translation using examples from the field of literary translation.

The DTS brings together works by Gideon Toury, Itamar Even-Zohar and André Lefevere, among others. It represents a descriptive and target-text-oriented approach, which includes a non-prescriptive, historically oriented and context-sensitive conception and focuses on the field of literary translation. The endeavor of the DTS is to “view translations in their actual manifestations, with all their errors and weaknesses, as historical and cultural phenomena”, with the aim of examining the function of translation in society and history. Furthermore, according to Gideon Toury, it is important to research why certain texts are considered translations in a certain culture. The consequences that resulted from this new approach were the focus of the investigations on the target culture, whereby the respective reception could be explained with the help of the polysystem theory, and the questioning of the equivalence concept, which in the opinion of Gideon Toury loses its meaning if one assumes that "any text that is accepted as a translation in a culture is considered a translation". The DTS contribution consists in considering the context as an important part of translation research - a finding that has also been taken up by other disciplines - but also in raising awareness of the "diversity and relativity of the various translation terms" that affect both the texts to be considered also influence the researcher himself.

translation

He has worked as a translator since the 1960s. Between 1970 and 1995, his work in this area comprised over 30 literary translations, including works by Ernest Hemingway , Günter Grass , Heinrich Böll and Thomas Mann . The translations he has made in the academic field can be found in the fields of linguistics , semiotics , literature , literary criticism and translation studies .

Publications

The following list of his publications can be found on the website with details of other articles that have been published in scientific journals and edited volumes.

research

  • Translational Norms and Literary Translation into Hebrew, 1930–1945. The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 1977.
  • In Search of a Theory of Translation. The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 1980.
  • Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. John Benjamin, Amsterdam / Philadelphia 1995.

translation

  • Sheila Burnford: The Incredible Journey. 1970.
  • John Masefield: The Midnight Folk. 1971.
  • Francis Scott Fitzgerald: The Great Gatsby. 1974.
  • Arthur Miller: All My Sons. 1976.
  • Günter Grass: Cat and Mouse. 1976.
  • Ernest Hemingway: A Moveable Feast. (3 chap.)
  • Ford Madox Ford: The Good Soldier. 1977.
  • Clive Staples Lewis: The Magician's Nephew. 1978.
  • Uwe Johnson: Two views. 1978.
  • Clive Staples Lewis: The Voyage of the 'Dawn Treader'. 1979.
  • Jerome David Salinger: The Laughing Man. 1979.
  • Peter Handke: The goalie's fear at the penalty kick. 1979.
  • Beverly Cleary: Henry Huggins. 1979.
  • Clive Staples Lewis: Prince Caspian. 1980.
  • John Cheever: Falconer. 1981.
  • Thomas Pynchon: Mortality and Mercy in Vienna. 1981.
  • John Steinbeck. The moon is down. 1981.
  • Clive Staples Lewis: The Horse and His Boy. 1982.
  • Christiane Felscherinow: We children from Zoo Station. 1982.
  • Clive Staples Lewis: The Silver Chair. 1983.
  • Mark Twain: A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. 1983.
  • Clive Staples Lewis: The Last Battle. 1984.
  • Heinrich Böll: The Legacy. 1984.
  • John Cheever: Bullet Park. 1985.
  • Ernest Hemingway: For Whom the Bell Tolls. 1986.
  • Arthur Conan Doyle: The Lost World. 1986.
  • Heinrich Mann: Scene. 1987.
  • Thornton Wilder: The Bridge of San Luis Rey. 1988.
  • Gert Hofmann: On the tower. 1991.
  • Nevil Shute: Pied Piper. 1991.
  • Heinrich Böll: Two short stories. 1993.
  • Thomas Mann: Your Royal Highness. 1994.
  • Cormac McCarthy: All the Pretty Horses. 1995.

literature

Web links

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  1. ^ The library of the Israeli historian Jacob Toury (1915-2004). dubnow.de, accessed on October 3, 2013.
  2. ↑ a b c d Gideon Toury: Unit of Culture Research & Dept. of Literature - Tel Aviv University. ( Memento from December 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ^ Theo Hermans: Descriptive Translation Studies. In: Mary Snell-Hornby, Hans G. Hönig, Paul Kussmaul, Peter A. Schmitt (eds.): Handbuch Translation. Stauffenburg Verlag, Tübingen 2006, p. 97.
  4. ^ Theo Hermans: Descriptive Translation Studies. In: Mary Snell-Hornby, Hans G. Hönig, Paul Kussmaul, Peter A. Schmitt (eds.): Handbuch Translation. Stauffenburg Verlag, Tübingen 2006, p. 98.
  5. ^ Theo Hermans: Descriptive Translation Studies. In: Mary Snell-Hornby, Hans G. Hönig, Paul Kussmaul, Peter A. Schmitt (eds.): Handbuch Translation. Stauffenburg Verlag, Tübingen 2006, p. 99.
personal data
SURNAME Toury, Gideon
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ṭûrî, Gidʿôn
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Israeli literary and linguist
DATE OF BIRTH June 6, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Haifa
DATE OF DEATH 4th October 2016
Place of death Tel Aviv