Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke

Death of Gilbert Marshal
(depiction from the Chronica Majora of Matthew Paris, 13th century)

Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke († June 27, 1241 at Dunstable ) was an English magnate .

origin

Gilbert Marshal came from the Marshal family . He was the third son of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and his wife Isabel de Clare . As a younger son, he first became a clergyman. But after his older brothers William 1231 and Richard 1234 died without an heir, he became the heir to the extensive estates of the Marshal family in England, South Wales and Leinster in Ireland . Because of this inheritance, he resigned from his ministry.

Worked as an English magnate

Gilbert's brother Richard had died a rebel against the king. As a sign of reconciliation, Gilbert also inherited the title of Earl of Pembroke and the office of Marshal of England . On June 11, 1234 he was knighted ( Knight of the Bath ). Although Heinrich III. Having proved even more favors, he never had the full confidence of the king. Ultimately, he was never as faithful a vassal as his father. On August 1, 1235, in Berwick , he married Marjorie , a sister of King Alexander II of Scotland . Her brother gave her a handsome dowry. Gilbert took the cross with his brother-in-law Richard of Cornwall in 1236, but did not take part in his crusade to Palestine . He kept on good terms with his sister Isabel Marshal , widow of Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Gloucester . He arranged the marriage of Isabel's daughter Isabel to the Scottish Lord Robert de Brus, Lord of Annandale .

Supremacy as Marcher Lord in South Wales

In 1235 Gilbert was allowed to take over the administration of Glamorgan for his underage nephew Richard de Clare , until the latter, still underage, bought the right from him in 1240 for 500 marks . In addition to his own extensive estates in south Wales, he had also acquired the administration of the estates of William de Braose, in addition he was in command of the royal castles of Carmarthen and Cardigan . Because of this power, he was considered the most powerful Marcher Lord of South Wales. Gilbert tried to expand his influence in South Wales at the expense of the Welsh rulers. When the Welsh prince Llywelyn from Iorwerth died in April 1240, Gilbert, supported by his younger brother Walter , took advantage of this and began to occupy Welsh territories in south-west Wales. Walter recaptured Cardigan Castle after William Marshal's death in 1231 from the Welsh . To this end, Gilbert tried to play off the related but warring Welsh Lords Maredudd ap Rhys and Maelgwn Fychan against each other. His plan to make Maelgwn Fychan as his vassall lord of southern Ceredigion failed because of the king's policy towards Dafydd ap Llywelyn , the son and heir of Llywelyn from Iorwerth.

Death and inheritance

Matthäus Paris reported on Gilbert's death when he rode an unknown Italian warhorse at a tournament in Dunstable, which threw him off at full gallop and trampled him to death. He was probably beside his father in the Temple Church of London buried. Since his marriage had remained childless, his brother Walter inherited his titles and lands.

literature

David Crouch: Tournament. Hambledon and Continuum, London 2006, ISBN 1-85285-531-2 .

Web links

RF Walker: Gilbert Marshal, seventh earl of Pembroke (d. 1241). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004

Individual evidence

^ Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 44
^ William Arthur Shaw: The Knights of England. Volume 1, Sherratt and Hughes, London 1906, p. 109.
^ Archibald AM Duncan: Scotland. The Making of the Kingdom (The Edinburgh History of Scotland; Vol. I ). Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh 1975. ISBN 0-05-00203-7-4 , p. 495.
^ Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 33.
^ Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 65
^ Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 68
^ Rees R. Davies: The Age of Conquest. Wales 1063-1415. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1991, ISBN 0-19-820198-2 , p. 279.
^ Rees R. Davies: The Age of Conquest. Wales 1063-1415. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1991, ISBN 0-19-820198-2 , p. 226.

predecessor	Office	successor
Richard Marshal	Earl of Pembroke Marshal of England 1234-1241	Walter Marshal

personal data
SURNAME	Marshal, Gilbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Marshal, Gilbert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	English magnate, Marshal of England
DATE OF BIRTH	12th century or 13th century
DATE OF DEATH	June 27, 1241
Place of death	at Dunstable

[1] Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 44

[2] William Arthur Shaw: The Knights of England. Volume 1, Sherratt and Hughes, London 1906, p. 109.

[3] Archibald AM Duncan: Scotland. The Making of the Kingdom (The Edinburgh History of Scotland; Vol. I ). Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh 1975. ISBN 0-05-00203-7-4 , p. 495.

[4] Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 33.

[5] Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 65

[6] Michael Altschul: A baronial family in medieval England. The Clares . The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore 1965, p. 68

[7] Rees R. Davies: The Age of Conquest. Wales 1063-1415. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1991, ISBN 0-19-820198-2 , p. 279.

[8] Rees R. Davies: The Age of Conquest. Wales 1063-1415. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1991, ISBN 0-19-820198-2 , p. 226.