Summit wren
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Summit wren ( Henicorhina anachoreta ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Henicorhina anachoreta | ||||||||||||
| Bangs , 1899 |
The summit Wren ( Henicorhina anachoreta ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae) which in endemic in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in Colombia is. The IUCN assesses the population as Near Threatened . The species is considered to be monotypical .
features
The summit wren reaches a body length of about 10.0 to 11.0 cm and is thus slightly smaller than the sympatric species of the hermit wren ( Henicorhina leucophrys ). Compared to the hermit wren, it has smaller body dimensions, shorter wings and a smaller beak, even if there are some overlaps in these three characteristics. It differs from the conspecific subspecies Henicorhina leucophrys bangsi Ridgway , 1903, by its lighter, slightly rust-red tint on the flanks and top. The tail, the rump , the wings and the dorsal plumage are sooty or rust-brown and not chestnut-colored. The top of the head and the nape of the neck are olive brown, which sometimes turns gray towards the front of the skull. This distinguishes it from the brown color that remains the same in H. l. bangsi . In contrast to H. l. bangsi , the throat is whitish gray with faint stripes, the chest is undoubtedly darker and less flooded with yellow-brown coloration than in H. l. bangsi .
Behavior and nutrition
Presumably, like the hermit wren, the summit wren feeds almost exclusively on invertebrates . There are no known differences to the foraging of the hermit wren, who, alone or in smaller groups, presumably family groups, roams the strata from the ground to about two meters above the ground in the vegetation. So far it is not known whether it is near wandering ants or mingling with other groups of birds.
Vocalizations
The song of the summit wren differs significantly from H. l. bangsi . So it emits sounds in higher and greater frequencies. A clear identification of the song in the wild requires extreme caution.
Reproduction
So far nothing is known about the breeding biology of the summit wren.
distribution and habitat
The summit wren prefers the upper altitudes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northern Colombia at altitudes of 2000 to 4000 meters.
migration
The summit wren is probably a resident bird .
Etymology and history of research
The first description of the summit wren was in 1899 by Outram Bangs under the scientific name Henicorhina anachoreta . The type specimen was collected by Wilmot Wood Brown Jr. (1868-1953) on March 8, 1899 in the Paramo de Chiruqua . In 1868 Philip Lutley Sclater and Osbert Salvin introduced the genus Henicorhina, which was new to science . This name is derived from "henikos ἑνικος " for "unique" and "rhis, rhinos ῥις, ῥινος " for "nostrils". The species name "anachoreta" comes from the Greek "anakhōrētēs, anakhōreō αναχωρητης, αναχωρεω " for "hermit, withdraw".
Endangerment status
The summit wren has only a very limited range in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, the reason why it is considered to be potentially endangered despite its abundance in this area. It appears to tolerate some degree of habitat destruction, but its population has appeared to have declined somewhat in the past. It occurs in some protected areas such as the Santa Marta National Park and the Santa Marta Biosphere Reserve. The population development must be observed further, especially from the point of view of the threats to mountain birds as a consequence of climate change.
literature
- Outram Bangs: On a small collection of birds from San Sebastian, Colombia . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 1 , 1899, p. 75-88 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Josep del Hoyo, Nigel James Collar, Guy Maxwell Kirwan Christopher J. Sharpe in: Thomas Scott Schulenberg: Hermit Wood-Wren (Henicorhina anachoreta) in Birds of the World . Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, doi : 10.2173 / bow.gybwow3.01 .
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Philip Sclater, Osbert Salvin: On Venezuelan Birds collected by Mr. A. Goering Part I . In: Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London For the Year 1868 . 1868, p. 165-173 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
Web links
- Henicorhina anachoreta inthe IUCN 2020 Red List of Threatened Species . Listed by: BirdLife International, 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Hermit Wood-wren ( Henicorhina anachoreta ) . Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Hermit Wood-wren (Henicorhina anachoreta) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Summit wren ( Henicorhina anachoreta ) at Avibase; accessed on August 11, 2020.
- Henicorhina leucophrys anachoreta in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- xeno-canto: sound recordings - summit wren ( Henicorhina anachoreta )
- Hermit Wood-wren (Henicorhina anachoreta) in the Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved August 11, 2020.
Individual evidence
Remarks
- ↑ Sclater u. a. categorized the forest wren ( Henicorhina leucosticta ( Cabanis , 1847)) as a type for the new genus.