Garnet red sap
| Garnet red sap | ||||||||||||
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Garnet red sapling ( Hygrocybe punicea ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hygrocybe punicea | ||||||||||||
| ( Fr. ) P.Kumm. |
The garnet or largest sapling ( Hygrocybe punicea ) is a type of mushroom from the genus of sapling .
features
The fruiting bodies of the garnet sap are 3–15 cm wide, the sticky to slimy cap is bell-shaped to broadly conical and often broadly hunched. Its color is blood to dark red with a brownish tinge, sometimes with a narrow yellow border, it is hygrophan (becoming spotty when wet). The distant, mostly bulbous lamellae are at the bottom through cross veins (anastomoses) and stand free. They are vermilion to brownish-red and have a yellowish edge. The stalk becomes 3–15 cm long and up to 1.5 cm wide, it is dry, longitudinally fibrous, white at the base, otherwise yellow to orange-red, sometimes with darker fibers and a white hoop in between.
ecology
The garnet-red sap requires acidic soils, it grows on drifts, poor meadows and poorly fertilized pastures, on clearings and grass-rich forest edges. Typical companion plants in Central Europe are common heather , bristle grass and red stem moss ( Pleurozium schreberi ). The fruiting bodies appear in late summer and autumn. The garnet red sapling, like many members of the sapling genus, is endangered by nutrient input and overfertilization of its habitats.
distribution
The garnet-red sapling is widespread, it occurs in Australia (introduced there?), In North Asia from Siberia to Korea and Japan, in North America and on the Canary Islands. It is widespread in Europe, if rare everywhere, and has been found from southern Europe to Iceland, the Faroe Islands and Svalbard. In Germany the species is widespread, but occurs in different densities, rare in the flat and hilly regions.
Systematics
The garnet red sap, considered one of the most beautiful mushrooms, comes in two forms in Central Europe, the actual garnet red sap Hygrocybe punicea var. Punicea and the magnificent sap Hygrocybe punicea var. Splendidissima . The cherry red sapling ( Hygrocybe coccinea ) is closely related to these forms . The magnificent sap is also considered to be the shape of the cherry red sap, and the three shapes may also represent a single species.
meaning
All forms of the garnet red sap are protected in Germany; in nature conservation, like other sap, they also serve as indicators of valuable, nutrient-poor grass communities.
literature
- Andreas Neuner : Mushroom - Identify all important mushrooms from color photos. Kaiser Verlag, Germany, 1975
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Leaf mushrooms I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 .
- F. Gröger: Identification key for agaric mushrooms and boletus in Europe. Part 1. Regensburg Mycological Writings, Regensburg 2006
