Green-throated nymph

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Green-throated nymph
Green-throated nymph (Lampornis viridipallens) (lithograph by Henry Constantine Richter after a drawing by John Gould, 1855)

Green- throated nymph ( Lampornis viridipallens )
(lithograph by Henry Constantine Richter after a drawing by John Gould , 1855)

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Mountain Jewels ( Lampornis )
Type : Green-throated nymph
Scientific name
Lampornis viridipallens
( Bourcier & Mulsant , 1846)

The green- throated nymph ( Lampornis viridipallens ) is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that includes the Central American countries Mexico , Guatemala , Honduras, and El Salvador . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The green-throated nymph reaches a body length of about 11 to 12 centimeters, with the long straight beak making up about 1.9 centimeters. A white stripe over the eye is in stark contrast to the green top of the head and the dark ear areas. The white throat of the males is streaked with shiny blue-green to green spots. The neck and the area between the neck and shoulder feathers are colored green, with a transition to purple-bronze on the rump . The upper tail-coverts are blue-black, the underside is white with green spots on the side. The flanks and under tail ceilings appear dark. The inner control feathers are blackish, the outer pale gray. This is especially noticeable when they spread their tails. The females have no green throat patches. The top is emerald green. The somewhat paler outer control springs are spotted white now and then.

behavior

Little is known about the behavior. They prefer to move in scrub with flowers and sunlight on steep slopes of ravines. So they seem to avoid the thin, less lit undergrowth in dense forests. When foraging and during their breaks they can be found from the lower to the higher strata . They fan their tails as they feed.

habitat

Their habitat are moist evergreen areas and pine forests, often on the edge of the forest. Here they move at altitudes between 900 and 2700 meters.

Reproduction

Their breeding season is from March to April and from June to July.

Vocalizations

Their singing sounds like hard, lively zzrrt that they sometimes quickly repeat. They also emit high, thin chirping tones. Every now and then it also happens that they utter quiet, gurgling warbling sounds of about a second and repeat them.

Subspecies

Distribution area (green) of the green-throated nymph

There are four known subspecies:

  • Lampornis viridipallens amadoni Rowley, JS , 1968 - This subspecies occurs in Oaxaca in southern Mexico.
  • Lampornis viridipallens ovandensis ( Brodkorb , 1939) - This subspecies is common in Chiapas in southern Mexico and northwest Guatemala.
  • Lampornis viridipallens viridipallens ( Bourcier & Mulsant , 1846) - The nominate form occurs in Guatemala, northern El Salvador and western Honduras.
  • Lampornis viridipallens nubivagus Dickey & van Rossem , 1929 - The subspecies occurs in El Salvador.

Etymology and history of research

Jules Bourcier and Étienne Mulsant described the Green-throated nymph under the name T [rochilus] viridi-pallens . The type specimen came from Cobán in Guatemala. Only later was it assigned to the genus Lampornis , newly introduced in 1827 by William Swainson for the red-throated nymph ( Lampornis amethystinus ) . This name is derived from the Greek words »lampás, λαμπάς « for »torch, lamp« and »ornis, όρνις « for »bird«. The specific epithet »viridipallens« is a Latin word formation from »viridis« for »green« and »pallens« for »pale, bright«. "Amadoni" is a dedication to the American ornithologist Dean Amadon (1912–2003). "Ovandensis" stands for the Cerro Ovando in Chiapas , the place where the hide of this subspecies was collected. "Nubivagus" is made up of the Latin words "nubes, nubis" for "cloud" and "vagari" for "to wander".

literature

  • Steve NG Howell, Sophie W. Webb: A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America . Oxford University Press, New York 1995, ISBN 0-19-854012-4 .
  • Donald Ryder Dickey, Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: The birds of El Salvador . In: Publication Field Museum of Natural History (=  Zoological series ). tape 23 , no. 406 , 1938 ( online [accessed February 22, 2015]).
  • Burt Leavelle Monroe: A Revision of the Lampornis Viridipallens Complex (Aves: Trochilidae) . In: Occasional papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan . No. 27 , 1963, pp. 1–10 (English, online [PDF; 462 kB ; accessed on February 22, 2015]).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Jules Bourcier, Étienne Mulsant: Description of the vingt espèces nouvelles d'oiseaux-mouches . In: Annales des sciences physiques et naturelles, d'agriculture et d'industrie . tape 9 , 1846, pp. 312-332 ( online [accessed February 22, 2015]).
  • John Stuart Rowley: Geographic variation in four species of birds in Oaxaca, Mexico . In: Occasional Papers Western Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology . No. 1 , 1968, p. 1-10 .
  • Donald Ryder Dickey, Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: The Races of Lampornis virldipallens (Bourcier and Mulsant) . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 42 , 1929, pp. 209–212 ( online [accessed February 22, 2015]).
  • Pierce Brodkorb: New subspecies of birds from the District of Soconusco, Chiapas . In: Occasional papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan . No. 401 , 1939, pp. 1–7 (English, online [PDF; 189 kB ; accessed on February 22, 2015]).
  • William Swainson: A Synopsis of the Birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, FLS and HS, and Mr. William Bullock, jun. In: The Philosophical magazine: or Annals of chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, natural history and general science . tape 1 , no. 85 , 1827, pp. 433-442 ( online [accessed February 22, 2015]).

Web links

Commons : Green- throated Nymph ( Lampornis viridipallens )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Steve NG Howell u. a., p. 416.
  2. ↑ Donald Ryder Dickey et al. a., p. 256.
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ^ A b John Stuart Rowley, p. 2.
  5. ↑ a b Pierce Brodkorb, p. 5.
  6. ↑ a b Jules Bourcier u. a., p. 321.
  7. ↑ Donald Ryder Dickey et al. a., p. 210.
  8. ↑ Jules Bourcier et al. a., p. 322.
  9. ^ William Swainson, p. 442.
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 218.
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 403.
  12. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 276.

Remarks

  1. ↑ A more precise definition of the differences can be found in Burt Leavelle Monroe (1963). The article also highlights the differences to the green- breasted nymph ( Lampornis sybillae ) ( Salvin & Godman , 1892).