Red-throated nymph

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Red-throated nymph
Red-throated nymph at John Gould painted by Henry Constantine Richter

Red-throated nymph at John Gould painted by Henry Constantine Richter

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Mountain Jewels ( Lampornis )
Type : Red-throated nymph
Scientific name
Lampornis amethystinus
Swainson , 1827

The red-throated nymph or amethyst- throated nymph ( Lampornis amethystinus ) is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that includes the Central American countries Mexico , Guatemala , Honduras, and El Salvador . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The red-throated nymph reaches a body length of about 11.5 to 12.5 centimeters. The 15 millimeter long beak is slightly curved. A white stripe above the eye is in stark contrast to the dark green skull and the dark ear areas. The throat of the males shines pink. The neck and coat are dark green in color, with a transition to bronze on the rump . The outward-facing upper tail-coverts are black, the lower part is dark gray with a washed-out, dull green. The under-tail-coverts are bordered by a light yellow-brown. The tail itself is black-blue, with the outer control feathers dotted with pale gray. The female is very similar in color, but has a light, cinnamon-colored throat. The underside is rather monotonous gray.

distribution and habitat

Distribution area of ​​the red throat nymph

The hummingbird lives in moist to semi-moist evergreen pine forests and at their forest edges. He gets his food below the middle stratification layer . You can often see him on the banks of a river. Usually it moves at altitudes over 1500 meters.

Subspecies

So far, five subspecies are known, which differ mainly in their color and distribution area. These are:

  • Lampornis amethystinus amethystinus Swainson , 1827 - nominate form . Occurs in the west, central & east of Mexico. Here in the southern part of the state of Nayarit , in the southern part of Nuevo León and southern Tamaulipas via Veracruz and the east of Oaxaca .
  • Lampornis amethystinus margaritae ( Salvin & Godman , 1889) - Present in southwest Mexico in the states of Michoacán , Guerreround in western Oaxaca.
  • Lampornis amethystinus circumventris ( Phillips, AR , 1966) - Found in southern Mexico near San Gabriel Mixtepec in southwest Oaxaca.
  • Lampornis amethystinus salvini ( Ridgway , 1908) - Found in the high elevations of Mexico in the state of Chiapas , in Guatemala to El Salvador.
  • Lampornis amethystinus nobilis Griscom , 1932 - Native to the high plains of Honduras.

The taxon subspecies Lampornis amethystinus brevirostris Ridgway , 1908 is generally used as a synonym for L. a. margaritae considered.

In addition, experts are discussing whether L. a. margaritae is not its own species due to the amethyst-colored throat, which is clearly different in color . Further DNA analyzes are probably required here. Should L. a. margaritae as a separate species, all subspecies south of the occurrence of L. a. margaritae can be classified as a subspecies of L. margaritae .

Etymology and history of research

William Swainson had received the type specimen William Bullock and his son from their trip to Mexico. Already in the first description he used the protonym Lampornis amethystinus .

The name »Lampornis« is derived from the Greek words »lampás«  λαμπάς for »torch, lamp« and »ornis«  όρνις for »bird«. The species name "amethystinus" is of Latin origin and means " amethyst-colored ".

The »margaritae« in the subspecies was given in honor of Herbert Huntington Smith's wife , Amelia Woolworth Smith (1858-) nee. Smith was called. The name of the subspecies »salvini« is dedicated to Osbert Salvin, who made the type specimen available to the American Museum of Natural History . The Latin word »nobilis« stands for »noble, famous, renowned«. The Latin word formation "circumventris" is made up of "circum" for "all around, approximately" and "venter, ventris" for "belly".

literature

  • Steve NG Howell, Sophie W. Webb: A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America . Oxford University Press, New York 1995, ISBN 978-0-19-854012-0 .
  • Robert Sterling Ridgely, John A. Gwynne: A Guide to the Birds of Panama: With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 1989, ISBN 978-0-691-02512-4 .
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • William Swainson: A Synopsis of the Birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, FLS and HS, and Mr. William Bullock, jun. In: The Philosophical magazine: or Annals of chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, natural history and general science . tape 1 , no. 5 , 1827, pp. 364-369 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • William Swainson: A Synopsis of the Birds discovered in Mexico by W. Bullock, FLS and HS, and Mr. William Bullock, jun. In: The Philosophical magazine: or Annals of chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, natural history and general science . tape 1 , no. 6 , 1827, pp. 433-442 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Osbert Salvin, Frederick DuCane Godman: Notes on Mexican Birds . In: The Ibis (=  6 ). tape 1 , no. 2 , 1889, p. 232-243 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Robert Ridgway: Diagnoses of some new forms of neotropical birds . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 21 , 1908, pp. 191-196 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Allan Robert Phillips: Further systematic notes on Mexican birds . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 86 , no. 6 , 1966, pp. 103-112 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Ludlow Griscom: New Birds from Honduras and Mexico . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 13 , 1932, p. 55-62 .

Web links

Commons : European Red-throated Nymph ( Lampornis amethystinus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Steve NG Howell et al. a. , P. 417.
  2. ^ Robert Sterling Ridgely, et al. a. , P. 450.
  3. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  4. ^ A b William Swainson, p. 442.
  5. ↑ a b Osbert Salvin, et al., P. 240.
  6. ↑ Allan Robert Phillips, p. 103.
  7. ↑ a b c Robert Ridgway, p. 195.
  8. ↑ Ludlow Griscom, p. 58.
  9. ^ William Swainson, et al. a. , P. 365.
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 218.
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 45.
  12. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 273.
  13. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 109.