Graia
Graia ( Greek Γραία ) was an ancient Greek settlement in Boeotia .
Mentioned by Homer in the Iliad alongside Thespeia and Mykalessos, the city was later thought to be lost. Post-poems based on Homer mention them. Callimachos and later Strabo and Pausanias already equated them with Tanagra . In contrast, Aristotle recognized the Homeric Graia in the city of Oropos . The true Alexander Mazarakis Ainian to as excavators in Oropos, but the question remains unresolved.
The connection between city names and the Grai (or Graeci , Γραικοί ), as the Roman name of the Hellenes was, is unclear. Accordingly, the founders of the southern Italian colony Neapolis ( Naples ) come from Graia and were accordingly referred to by the Latins as Graeci ; the entire area of the Greek colonies in southern Italy was named Magna Graecia and later the name Graeci was transferred to the inhabitants of the Greek peninsula, who called themselves Hellenes .
literature
- Hartmut Beister: In search of the Homeric Graia in Boeotia. In: Eckart Olshausen (ed.): Stuttgart Colloquium on the historical geography of antiquity (= Geographica historica. Volume 4). Habelt, Bonn 1987, pp. 51-80.
- Martin Fell: Graia. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 4, Metzler, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-476-01474-6 , column 1195 f.
- Alexander Mazarakis Ainian , M. Mouliou (Ed.): Αρχαιολογικές Αναζητήσεις: Ανασκαφές στην Ομηρική Γραία (catalog for the exhibition at the University of Thessaly from June 18 to September 26, 2004). University of Thessaly, Volos 2008. English edition: Archaeological Quests: Excavations at Homeric Graia. Volos 2008.
- Julius Miller : Graia 1. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VII, 2, Stuttgart 1912, Col. 1695.
- Albert Schachter : Boiotia in Antiquity: Selected Papers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2016, pp. 82ff.
Remarks
- ↑ Homer, Iliad 2,498.
- ↑ Nonnos of Panopolis , Dionysiaka 13.77; Statius , Thebais 7,332.
- ↑ Callimachus with Stephanos of Byzantium , sv Τάναγρα .
- ↑ Strabo 9,404.
- ↑ Pausanias 9: 20: 1f.
- ↑ So also Eustathios of Thessalonike , commentarii ad Homeri Iliadem and Scholion ex Veneto to Homer, Ilias 2,498.
- ↑ In Stephanos of Byzantium, sv Ὠρωπός .
- ↑ Alexander Mazarakis Ainian: Archaeological Quests: Excavations at Homeric Graia. Catalog for the exhibition at the University of Thessaly from June 18 to September 26, 2004. University of Thessaly, Volos 2008.
- ^ Albert Schachter: Boiotia in Antiquity: Selected Papers. Cambridge University Press 2016, p. 84.
- ^ Julius Miller: Grai. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VII, 2, Stuttgart 1912, Sp. 1693-1695 .; Fritz Gschnitzer : Grai, Graikoi. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 4, Metzler, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-476-01474-6 , Sp. 1195.