High Steward of Scotland
High Steward of Scotland or Great Steward of Scotland is a hereditary court office in the Kingdom of Scotland .
The office essentially corresponds to that of the Seneschal , the English Lord High Steward , the Lord High Steward of Ireland , the Roman-German Truchsess or the Grand Maître de France . The originally important court office now has only ceremonial significance.
In 1150 was Walter fitz Alan out of the house FitzAlan dapifer ( English steward ) of the Scottish king David I. He retained the office under his successor Malcolm IV. , Who confirmed him to the post in 1157 as a hereditary court office. His grandson Walter chose the more respected name Senescallus for his office from around 1219 . Walter's son Alexander of Dundonald was no longer referred to only as the king's steward , but also as the steward of Scotland in the 13th century , which enhanced his position. Derived from this official title, the family name "Stewart" or "Stuart" prevailed for the family at that time . Robert Stewart, the 8th High Steward of Scotland, rose to King in 1371 as Robert II . Since then, the office of high steward has been exercised by the Scottish heir apparent , and according to the Act of Union of 1707 and 1800 by the British heir apparent. The official title has since been linked to the Duke of Rothesay and Prince of Scotland titles , so that the incumbent is sometimes referred to as Prince and Great Steward of Scotland .
List of High Stewards of Scotland
- 1150–1177: Walter Fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland
- 1177–1204: Alan Fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland
- 1204–1241: Walter Fitzalan, 3rd High Steward of Scotland
- 1241-1282: Alexander of Dundonald, 4th High Steward of Scotland
- 1282-1309: James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland
- 1309-1327: Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland
- 1327-1371: Robert Stewart , 7th High Steward of Scotland; Crowned as Robert II of Scotland in 1371
- 1398-1402: David Stewart, 1st Duke of Rothesay
- 1402-1406: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ; Crowned as James I of Scotland in 1406
- 1430: Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
- 1430-1437: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ; Crowned as James II of Scotland in 1437
- 1453-1460: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ; Crowned as Jacob III in 1460 of Scotland
- 1473-1488: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ; Crowned as James IV of Scotland in 1488
- 1507-1508: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
- 1509-1510: Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
- 1473-1488: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ; Crowned as James V of Scotland in 1513
- 1540–1541: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
- 1566-1567: James Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ; Crowned as Jacob VI in 1567 of Scotland (1603 also called James I of England)
- 1594–1612: Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay
- 1612-1625: Charles, Prince of Wales , Duke of Albany, Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Duke of York; Crowned as Charles I of England and Scotland in 1625
- 1629–1629: Charles James, Duke of Cornwall , Duke of Rothesay
- 1630-1649: Charles, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay; Crowned as Charles II of England and Scotland in 1649
- 1688-1702: James, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay; Offices and titles formally revoked in 1702
- 1714-1727: George, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cambridge, Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay; Crowned as George II of Great Britain in 1727
- 1727–1751: Frederick, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cambridge, Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Edinburgh, Duke of Rothesay
- 1762-1802: George, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay; Crowned as George IV of the United Kingdom in 1820
- 1841–1901: Albert, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay; Crowned as Edward VII in 1901 (United Kingdom)
- 1901-1910: Georg, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Duke of York; Crowned as George V of the United Kingdom in 1910
- 1910-1936: Edward, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay; Crowned Edward VIII of the United Kingdom in 1936
- 1952 – today: Charles, Prince of Wales , Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay
literature
- Hugh MacLeod: Casus Principis; or, an essay towards a history of the Principality of Scotland. G. Nicol, London 1791.
Individual evidence
- ^ GWS Barrow: Stewart family (per. C. 1110 – c. 1350). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004