David I. (Scotland)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
David I of Scotland

David I (Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim) (* 1080 , † 24 May 1153 in Carlisle ) was King of Scotland from 1124 until his death .

He was the sixth son of King Malcolm III. of Scotland ( House Dunkeld ) from his second marriage to Margaret , who was later canonized.

In 1113 he married Maud of Huntingdon , daughter of Waltheof II , and thereby received the title of Earl of Huntingdon . He had four children with her:

  • Malcolm, Prince of Scotland (* after 1113; † around 1114)
  • Henry of Scotland (1114–1152), Earl of Huntingdon
  • Claricia, Princess of Scotland
  • Hodierna, Princess of Scotland

After David's brother King Edgar died childless in 1107, the Scottish kingdom was divided according to his last will. Alexander I , David's older brother, ruled as king over the part north of Clyde and Forth . David received the title of earl and ruled over the southern part. After Alexander died on April 23, 1124, David succeeded him to the royal throne, which reunited the two halves of the empire.

In 1127, in his capacity as Earl of Huntingdon , he swore allegiance to his niece Mathilde , the daughter of the late Henry I. When Stephan von Blois , Henry's nephew, seized the English throne in 1135, David marched into England with his army. Stephan, in turn, had troops sent north and forced David to make peace. The peace did not last long, because in 1138 the Scots invaded England again. In Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire , however, they suffered a devastating defeat on August 22nd in the standard battle ("Battle of the Standard").

David returned to Carlisle and signed another peace treaty. In 1141 he traveled to London and accompanied Mathilde to Winchester . After barely escaping capture there, he quickly returned to Scotland. From then on he stayed in his kingdom and dealt with the political and ecclesiastical reorganization of the country. He founded five dioceses and numerous monasteries. In secular politics he vigorously promoted the feudalization and Anglicization of the country.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Maud of Northumberland on thepeerage.com , accessed July 26, 2015.
  2. ^ Powicke & Fryde: Handbook of British Chronology. Second Edition, London, 1961, p. 432

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Alexander I. King of Scotland
1124–1153 		Malcolm IV
personal data
SURNAME David I.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Scotland
DATE OF BIRTH 1080
DATE OF DEATH May 24, 1153
Place of death Carlisle