Big long-nosed bagler
| Big long-nosed bagler | ||||||||||||
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Large long-nosed bucket |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Perameles nasuta | ||||||||||||
| É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire , 1804 |
The great long-nosed buccaneer ( Perameles nasuta ) is a marsupial that occurs in the eastern coastal region of Queensland from Mackay in the north to southeastern Victoria . The long-nosed bucket population in northeast Queensland, originally classified as a subspecies P. nasuta pallescens, is now considered a separate species.
features
The large long-nosed butler reaches a head-trunk length of 31 to 44.5 cm, has a 12 to 16 cm long tail and a weight of 0.52 to 1.3 kg. Adult males are on average 25% heavier and 10% longer than the females. The fur is gray-brown on the head, on the back and on the sides of the body. The peritoneum and the front and rear paws are whitish or cream-colored. The muzzle is long and pointed and the ears are pointed and are usually held upright.
Outwardly, the large long-nosed pouch does not differ from Perameles pallescens . However, the formation of the tooth cusps is different and the large long-nosed butler usually has a low crest , which the males of Perameles pallescens lack or which is only very rudimentary. The Tasmanian long-nosed pouch ( Perameles gunnii ) and the striped long-nosed pouch ( Perameles bougainville ) can be distinguished primarily by the almost uniform coloring of the body sides, while the two other species show two to four light, vertical stripes on the back of the body . Further differences concern the tooth morphology and, in the case of the striped long-nosed pouch, the skull morphology. The large long-nosed pouch is significantly larger than the Tasmanian long-nosed pouch and the striped long-nosed pouch.
Occurrence and way of life
The species occurs in many different habitats with an annual rainfall of more than 750 mm. These include open forests, gallery forests, swamps and heather areas. It is also regularly spotted in gardens in the suburbs of Brisbane and Sydney and other cities on the east coast of Australia. The big long-nosed bucket prefers regions with dense vegetation, in which it can build its nests consisting of dry grass and leaves. The nests in which the nocturnal animals spend the day can have one or two entrances. You will be visited before dawn. Like the other nosebased, the large long-nosed bucket feeds mainly on insects and other invertebrates. In addition, small vertebrate animals, vertebrate eggs, fruits, seeds, mushrooms and various components of plants are eaten. Prey living on the ground is likely to be perceived primarily with the aid of hearing, while prey living in the ground is sniffed out and dug up with the strong front paws. The big long-nosed bucket leaves characteristic, conical holes in the ground that can be up to 30 cm deep.
Reproduction
The female gives birth to one to five young per litter, usually two to three. A specific breeding season has not been established, but there are fewer births in winter. Most births take place in September and November. The gestation period is only 12.5 days. After the young animals have crawled into the bag, they suck on the teats and separate from them for the first time after 30 days. They are weaned at 62 to 68 days of age. Shortly thereafter, the female no longer takes care of the offspring. The female often mates again when the young are 50 to 55 days old, so that she has young again immediately after the previous litter has been weaned. A female can give birth up to four times a year. Only 20% of the young animals reach adulthood. Females become sexually mature at four months, while males take one month longer to reach sexual maturity.
Hazards and protective measures
Although this species is hunted by introduced red foxes, domestic dogs and house cats and the habitat is threatened by the development of agricultural areas as well as by human settlements and bush fires, this has so far not had any negative effects on the population , as with other species from the order of the nasal pus . This species occurs in various protected areas.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Kenny Travouillon, 2016. Investigating dental variation in Perameles nasuta Geoffroy, 1804, with morphological evidence to raise P. nasuta pallescens Thomas, 1923 to species rank. Zootaxa 4114 (4): 351-392. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4114.4.1
- ↑ a b c Christopher Dickman: Family Peramelidae (Bandicoots and Echymiperas). Page 392 in Don E. Wilson , Russell A. Mittermeier : Handbook of the Mammals of the World - Volume 5. Monotremes and Marsupials. Lynx Editions, 2015, ISBN 978-84-96553-99-6
- ↑ Perameles nasuta in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.2. Listed by: Lunney, D., Dickman, C. & Menkhorst, P., 2008. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
