Heinitz mine

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Heinitz mine
General information about the mine
Heinitz Stollen.JPG
Memorial for the Heinitz tunnel
Mining technology Underground mining
Funding / year > 1 million t
Information about the mining company
Operating company 1814–1918 Kingdom of Prussia
1919–1935 Mines Domaniales Francaise de la Sarre
1935–1948 Saargruben AG
1948–1957 Director of the Mines de la Sarre
from 1957 Saarbergwerke AG
Start of operation 1851
End of operation 1962
Successor use Commercial establishments
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates 49 ° 19 '45.6 "  N , 7 ° 8' 13.6"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 19 '45.6 "  N , 7 ° 8' 13.6"  E
Heinitz mine (Saarland)
Heinitz mine
Location of the Heinitz mine
Location Center of the Heinitz district
local community Neunkirchen (Saar)
District ( NUTS3 ) Neunkirchen
country State of Saarland
Country Germany
District Saar

The Heinitz mine is a former coal mine in Heinitz near Neunkirchen (Saar) .

history

Already in the 7th century BC the Celts were mining coal for the production of jewelry and grave goods in the area of ​​the pit . Extensive geological investigations were carried out from 1843. In 1847 Prussia began to mine coal in the mine with the attack on the Heinitz tunnel and made coking attempts .

Friedrich Anton Freiherr von Heynitz

From 1859 onwards, coal was mined in regular shifts. A small pit was created with a colliery and forge . The deaf rock and slag were stored in the Binseswiesental, where a counter location was also created. In the same year, the first coal train started in Saarland from the mine on the Neunkirchen – Neunkirchen-Heinitz railway line , which was built especially for this purpose. From 1851 the mine was run as an independent operation. The mine was named in honor of the Prussian Minister of State and head of the mining and smelting department Friedrich Anton von Heynitz .

Ernst Heinrich von Dechen

1852, a second was Schacht set and a coal washing plant built. In the Colonie Elversberg (today: Spiesen-Elversberg ) a sleeping house was built for the miners . In the following years the pit grew steadily. The Dechen shafts were added, further sleeping houses were built and the first miners' houses were built. From 1860 onwards the industrial mining of coal began. In 1882 the mine reached an annual output of more than one million tons of hard coal. In 1890 the Heinitz mine was one of the first to have a gas engine to generate electricity for lighting. At the turn of the century, the mine was the largest Saar mine. In the meantime, in addition to the four Heinitz shafts and the three Dechener shafts, there were also the Geisheck I and II shafts, the wayside shrine shaft and the Mosel shaft. In 1911 the oak shaft and the Marsaut shaft were added.

In 1904/1905 a gas machine hall was built to produce electricity from coke oven gas . In 1906, the Heinitz gas machine hall took over supplying the mining operations. The community of Neunkirchen also obtained its electricity from the Heinitz mine. Over 6100 people now worked in the mine. Between 1936 and 1939, the Heinitz and Dechen daytime facilities were modernized.

The Heinitz mine was closed in 1962, followed by the Dechen mine in 1968. The coal reserves were allocated to the Reden mine .

architecture

The first gallery of the pit itself has been preserved in a small park .

A gas machine center that produced electricity from coke oven gas has also been preserved. The hall was built in 1904 and 1905 using a steel frame construction in Art Nouveau style. It has been a listed building since 1992.

The former administration building of the coking plant , the former benzene factory and a former laboratory building from 1920/21 have been preserved.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c The history of the Heinitz mine , Initiative Gasmaschinenzentrale eV
  2. Brief description of Heinitz
  3. The Heinitz and Dechen pits , Delf Slotta
  4. ^ The Saarland coal mines
  5. ^ The gas machine center in Heinitz , es Heftche, city magazine for Neunkirchen and the surrounding area