Group 39

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The group 39 is a 1939 founded the initiative of Western European state independent news agencies based in Bern .

history

prehistory

The political tensions of the 1930s led to increasing partisanship in the news services of the international agencies Havas (France), Reuters (England), Wolff (Germany) and Associated Press (USA). This posed a serious problem for the smaller national news agencies, which were committed to impartial news delivery: On the one hand, they had to rely on the services of international agencies for their international reporting. On the other hand, they exchanged their own services with one another via the technical facilities of the international agencies and found that the messages were occasionally manipulated before they were forwarded, especially after the outbreak of the Second World War .

Founded in 1939

The national agencies finally looked for a way out of this situation. The news agencies of the Oslo states - after a free trade agreement concluded in Oslo in 1930 - Sweden ( TT ), Norway ( NTB ), the Netherlands ( ANP ), Belgium ( Belga ), Denmark ( Ritzau ) and Finland ( STT ) as well as Switzerland ( sda ) founded the Hell Commune association in November 1939 , named after Hellschreiber , i.e. the transmission devices through which the agencies wanted to exchange their services directly in the future. Amsterdam was chosen as the headquarters; the transmissions were to be carried out by Radio Kootwijk of the Dutch Post and Telegraph Services.

The service began provisionally in December 1939 and officially in February 1940. In the course of the western campaign , however, Radio Kootwijk fell into the hands of the Wehrmacht on May 11, 1940 . The Hell Commune ministry , successfully started in itself, only existed for a very short time.

post war period

After the war, in November 1945, the agencies decided to reactivate the association, give it a more formal shape and name it Group 39 after the year it was founded . The exchange of services should now take place via telex . The group also set itself the goal of forming a European alliance of news agencies. In 1956, on the initiative of the group, the Western European news agencies founded the Alliance Européenne des Agences de Presse . The 16 founding members also included Agence France-Presse (AFP, successor to Havas) and the German press agency (dpa, successor to Wolff's Telegraphic Bureau, which was renamed the German news agency DNB during the Second World War ). The name of the Alliance was established in 2002 European Alliance of News Agencies (European Alliance of News Agencies) changed. In 1970 the Eastern European news agencies were also included in the alliance.

In 1956, the Austrian news agency Austria Presse Agentur (APA) became the eighth member of Group 39.

The goals of the group, which, according to its mission statement, unite national news agencies that are independent of the state and not in competition with one another, are still valid today: the members appear together as closely as possible to international agencies as well as the exchange of views on important common issues such as technology, copyright or marketing. The presidency rotates among members every two years.

literature

  • Ernst Reiber: The commercial messaging . Buchdruckerei Schweizerische Bodensee-Zeitung A.-G., Romanshorn 1927.
  • Peter Meier: The federal filter. The history of the Swiss dispatch agency up to World War II. With special consideration of the crisis and war years 1933–1945. Licensed thesis, University of Bern 1994.
  • Roger Blum , Katrin Hemmer and Daniel Perrin (eds.): Die AktuelliTäter . Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern 1995, ISBN 3-258-05002-3 .
  • Edith Dörfler and Wolfgang Pensold: The power of the message . Molden Verlag, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-85485-065-4 .
  • Michael Segbers: The news as a commodity - How news agencies tick . UVK, Constance 2007.
  • Wolfgang Vyslozil and Julia Wippersberg: Group 39. History of an Exceptional Alliance of News Agencies. Character, Business and Policy of Independent News Agencies in Europe. APA Austria Press Agency, Vienna 2014, ISBN 978-3-200-03342-9

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.newsalliance.org/about
  2. ↑ Herman H. J. van de Pol: The Development of Co-operative News Agencies (PDF; 236 kB), template for the Unesco Meeting of Experts on Development of News Agencies in Asia and the Far East . Bangkok, 1961, p. 2, accessed July 20, 2011
  3. ↑ Edith Dörfler and Wolfgang Pensold: The power of the message . Molden Verlag, Vienna 2001, p. 377
  4. ↑ Radio station Kootwijk. In: TracesofWar.com (Dutch)
  5. ↑ Gunnar Naesselund: Collaboration between News Agencies in Nordic Countries (PDF; 873 kB), template for the International Seminar on "The Infrastructures of News Collection and Dissemination in the World" of the International Commission for the Study of Communication Problems of Unesco . Stockholm, 1978, p. 5, accessed July 20, 2011
  6. ↑ APA membership in associations and associations. In: APA website
  7. ↑ Mission Statement of Group 39 ( Memento of the original dated May 30, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Accessed July 20, 2011, from APA's website  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.apa.at
  8. ^ "Group 39": Book presentation by Wolfgang Vyslozil - Social Media. In: Molner.info. March 10, 2014.