Lower Tantra College
Tibetan name |
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Tibetan script :
རྒྱུད་ སྨད་ གྲྭ་ ཚང་
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Wylie transliteration : rgyud smad grwa tshang;
rgyud smad grva tshang |
Chinese name |
Simplified :
下 密 院
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Pinyin : Xiamiyuan
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The Lower Tantric College ( Tib. Rgyud smad grwa tshang ), whose current building from the 18th century comes, is located in the street in Beijing Zhonglu downtown district (also: Thrinkönchü) the Tibetan capital Lhasa . The monastery, which now houses sixty monks, is located on the lower Lhasa River , hence its name.
In its day it was the most important tantric teaching institution.
It was founded in 1443 by one of Tsongkhapa's students from the Gelug School of Tibetan Buddhism , the clergyman Jetsün Sherab Sengge (1383–1445).
Today's Gyume Centers, including Gyudmed Tantric University and Gyudmed Tantric Monastic School, are located in Gurupura , Hunsur Taluk , Mysore (District) , Karnataka State , in southern India.
One of the reforms of the 13th Dalai Lama Thubten Gyatsho (1876–1933) was "to make studying at one of the two Tantra colleges compulsory for everyone who has received one of the two higher Sutra-Geshe titles". As a result of his training reforms, all Geshe Tsogrampas and Geshe Lharampas had to continue their training at either the Lower or Upper Tantra College , depending on where they came from which college they attended. In the tantra colleges they are called Geshe Karampa. They have to study there for at least a year. Monks study privately with individual teachers. Those in the Lower Tantra College study the Tantra textbooks that were written by Gyü Sherab Sengge (1383–1445), those in the Upper Tantra College follow those of Gyuchen Künga Döndrub (1419–1486).
"The Gelukpa tantric study program at such colleges was known for its austere strictness, and, at Gyume, was accessible only to superior monks from Ganden, Sera and Drepung."
The Lower Tantra College has been on the list of monuments of the Tibet Autonomous Region (4-15) since 2007 .
See also
- Upper Tantra College (rgyud stod grwa tshang; Shangmiyuan 上 密 院)
- List of Gelug School tantric teaching establishments
literature
- Yang Huilin 杨辉麟 (Ed.): Xizang Fojiao simiao西藏 佛教 寺庙. Chengdu : Sichuan renmin chibanshe 2003
- Alexander Andre: The Temples of Lhasa —— Tibetan Buddhist Architecture from the 7th to the 21st Centuries . Singapore, Serindia Publications 2005 ( namsebangdzo.com )
- N. Subramanya: Human Rights and Refugees . New Delhi 2004 ( online excerpt )
Web links
- StudyBuddhism.com: A Brief History of Gyumen and Gyütö, the Lower and Upper Tantra College
- info.tibet.cn: Shangmiyuan he Xiamiyuan 上 密 院 和 下 密 院 —— 藏 传 佛教 格鲁派 弘传 密宗 的 道场
- tibet.prm.ox.ac.uk: The Gyume Dratsang building in Lhasa
- chinaplanner.com: The Lower Tantric College
- StudyBuddhism.com: A Brief History of Labrang Monastery
- demotix.com: Dalai Lama leads Yamantaka Initiation at Gurupura in India
- gyudmedschool.com
- tbrc.org
References and comments
- ↑ also: rgyud smad grva tshang ; chin. Xiamiyuan下 密 院
- ↑ Reconstruction of Kalon Techen Phagto (based on Gyume Tratsang ( memento from April 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ))
- ↑ Chinese 北京 中路
- ↑ xzyg.org ( Memento of the original from March 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ("因其 位于 拉萨 河 下游 , 故 称 下 密 院")
- ↑ On this institution cf. StudyBuddhism.com: A Brief History of Gyumen and Gyütö, the Lower and Upper Tantra College & The Gelug Monastic Education System at a Glance
- ↑ A Brief History of Gyume and Gyütö, the Lower and the Upper Tantra College (Alexander Berzin, 1991, amended in September 2003, original version published in "Gelug Monasteries." Chö-Yang, Year of Tibet Edition (Dharamsala, India), (1991). German: Nailu Sari)
- ↑ The Gelug monastic training system at a glance (Tzenzhab Serkong Rinpoche II, translated and compiled by Alexander Berzin, September 2003, translation into German: Tara Dorn)
- ↑ The Gelug monastic training system at a glance (Tzenzhab Serkong Rinpoche II, translated and compiled by Alexander Berzin, September 2003, translation into German: Tara Dorn)
- ↑ archive.is: Gyume Tratsang ( memento from April 19, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ) - The three main monasteries of the Gelug school are Ganden , Sera and Drepung .