Gynocardia odorata
| Gynocardia odorata | ||||||||||||
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Gynocardia odorata |
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Gynocardia | ||||||||||||
| Roxb. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Gynocardia odorata | ||||||||||||
| Roxb. |
Gynocardia odorata is a tree in the Achariaceae family found in northeast India, Nepal , Bhutan , Bangladesh , Myanmar, and Thailand .
description
Gynocardia odorata grows as an evergreen tree up to 20–30 meters high. The brown bark is thick and scaly with age.
The simple, short-stalked and leathery leaves are alternate. The almost bald petiole is 1–3 centimeters long. The leaves are entire and pointed, pointed to tail. They are eilanzettlich to ob-eilanzettlich or elliptical, as well as 13-22 inches long and 5-9 inches wide. The stipules are sloping.
Gynocardia odorata is dioecious dioecious . The male flowers appear axillary, individually or in small clusters, ( umbrella-like , racemose ) or, like the female flowers, in clusters (umbrella-like) directly on the trunk kauliflor or on the branches ramiflor. Tiny bracts are present on the 3–5 centimeter long pedicels . The fragrant, five-fold and yellowish-green, single-sex, long-stemmed, larger flowers are double- coated . The sepals are cup-shaped fused with short teeth or lobes, the sweeping petals are with a fleshy, ciliate scales on the inside at the base. The female flowers are slightly larger than the male. Some hairy staminodes are formed in the female flowers and a pestillode is missing in the male and there are many (100) short stamens . The unilocular ovary of the female flower is short upper constant with several (3-5) styluses , the capitate, large scars are DF to heart-shaped.
There are many-seeded, round and 7-12 centimeters large, brownish, bald and rough, blackish, thick-skinned berries (armored berries ). The many smooth and pale gray seeds in the slimy, gelatinous and fragrant pulp are up to 2–2.5 centimeters in size.
Taxonomy
The first description of the genus Gynocardia and the species Gynocardia odorata was in 1819 by William Roxburgh in Pl. Coromandel 3: 95, pl. 299. Synonyms are Chaulmoogra odorata Roxb. and Chilmoria dodecandra Buch.-Ham. , a synonym of the genus Gynocardia is Chilmoria Buch.-Ham.
use
An edible or lamp oil can be obtained from the seeds. It used to be wrongly named as the source of chaulmoogric acid.
The wood is used locally.
literature
- AJC Grierson, DG Long: Flora of Bhutan. Volume 2, Part 1, Royal Botanic Garden, 1991, ISBN 1-872291-02-3 , pp. 216-219, online (PDF; 19.6 MB; a little slow).
- USDA Department Bulletins. Issues 1051–1075, 1923, pp. 23 ff, Plate XV, XVI, limited preview in Google Book Search.
- Topdhan Rai, Lalitkumar Rai: Trees of the Sikkim Himalaya. Indus Pub., 1994, ISBN 81-7387-001-2 , p. 65.
Web links
- Gynocardia odorata in the Flora of China, Vol. 13.