GBS type 1920

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
GBS type 1920/21
TF 20/29, B 21
"HAWA-Wagen"
No. 5539 in Stresemannstrasse
No. 5539 in Stresemannstrasse
Numbering: 5500–5602 (B 20/29)
1285–1422 (B 21)
Number: 103 railcars
138 sidecars
Manufacturer: HAWA , AEG , NAG
Year of construction (s): 1915-1921
Retirement: 1961 (BVG-West)
1969 (BVG-East / BVB)
Axis formula : Bo (TF 20/29)
2 (B 21)
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length over coupling: 10,440 mm (TF 20/29 1920)
11,440 (TF 20/29 1929)
10,720 mm (B 21)
Length: 10,000 mm (TF 20/29 1920)
11,000 mm (TF 20/29 1929)
10,050 mm (B 21)
Bogie axle base: 3,000 mm (TF 20/29)
3,200 mm (B 21)
Hourly output : 79.2 kW
Wheel diameter: 853 mm (TF 20/29)
760 mm (B 21)
Power system : 600 V DC
Power transmission: Overhead line
Number of traction motors: 2 × US 351
Drive: DC series motor
Type of speed switch: Travel switch FB 3
11 speed
0levels 7 braking levels
Brake: Service brake:
short-circuit brake (TF 20/29)
Solenoid brake. (B 21)
Parking brake:
hand lever (TF 20/29)
crank (B 21)
Coupling type: Albert coupling
Seats: 23 (TF 20/29 1920)
24 (TF 20/29 1929, B 21)
Standing room: 41 (TF 20/29 1920)
65 (TF 20/29 1929)
24 (B 21)
TF 20/29 : Railcar
TF 20/29 1920 : Railcar, condition 1920
TF 20/29 1929 : Railcar, condition 1929
B 21 : Sidecar

A series of 103 multiple units and 138 sidecars of the Berlin tram is designated as the 1920/21 series . The vehicles, also known as "HAWA-Wagen", were run as TF 20/29 and B 21 from 1934 onwards . They were in use from 1915 to 1961 (West Berlin) and 1969 (East Berlin).

history

In 1914, the Great Berlin Tram (GBS) ordered the new wagons from the Hannoversche Waggonfabrik (HAWA). Although the trolleys were not the first trolleys ordered from HAWA for Berlin , the name “HAWA-Wagen” became common in the 1920s.

In 1915 the first two sidecars with the numbers 158 II and 159 II were delivered to GBS. Four more cars followed in 1918 (172 II –175 II ). In 1919 HAWA delivered the first three railcars (3227–3229). In 1920 GBS merged with various other companies in Berlin and the suburbs in the Berlin tram. This continued to order the car. In 1920 and 1921, 100 additional railcars and 132 trailer cars were delivered. They were given the numbers 5503 to 5602 and 1291 to 1422 respectively. The previously delivered railcars were given the new numbers 5500 to 5502, the six sidecars the numbers 1285 to 1290.

HAWA sidecar (B 21) with a "glass car" ( TF 13/25 ) on the Oranienbrücke , 1925

In 1928 and 1929, the first modernization of all HAWA railcars was carried out by the National Automobile Society in the former depot on Köpenicker Landstrasse. The cars were given the typical Berlin standard platforms . The sidecars, however, remained unchanged.

From 1934, the railcars were operated as TF 20/29 - chassis railcars, built in 1920, rebuilt in 1929 - according to the newly introduced BVG type code . The sidecars were given the abbreviation B 21 - sidecar, built in 1921.

The railcar 5534 was probably retired in 1936 after an accident. During the Second World War , many wagons were fitted with towing devices for pulling trucks . A total of 20 motor coaches and 30 sidecars were lost through bombing raids on roads and depots. With 24 powered rail vehicles and six sidecars, subsequent reconstruction was no longer worthwhile after the war, so that 58 powered rail cars and 102 sidecars were available. Some chassis of the destroyed or damaged railcars were used to set up freight wagons and the TF 50 type dressing wagons .

After the administrative division of the BVG, which had existed since 1929, into a west and east administration, 50 motor vehicles and 65 sidecars remained with BVG-West, eight motor vehicles and 37 sidecars with BVG-Ost.

After the end of the war, the cars were initially repaired poorly. At BVG-West, the cars were withdrawn from passenger traffic until 1954, and some cars were converted into salt trucks or work cars. Some cars remained in this form until the West Berlin tram was discontinued in 1967. At BVG-Ost, the railcars in particular represented a splinter class, so the BVG sold six cars to Potsdam and the other two to Dessau . The cars stayed there until 1961 and 1964, respectively. The sidecars that remained in Berlin were used in passenger traffic until 1969, and most of them were used for the conversion to reko cars .

The 1420 sidecar has been preserved as a historic vehicle at the Berlin Heritage Association.

technology

The railcars were arranged on chassis . The car body length was initially 10,000 millimeters for the drive units and 10,050 millimeters for the sidecars with an axle base of three meters. The cars had closed platforms at the ends of the car where the doors were. These were designed as transfer doors. There were four large windows between the doors. In the railcars there were 23 seats and 41 standing places, in the side cars the seats were arranged in a transverse direction.

In 1928/29 a major modernization of the car took place. They received the Berlin standard platforms, which increased the length of the railcars by one meter. Target signs and line number boxes were attached to the roofs, as was already the case with other series. At the rear end of the car, the simple transfer doors were replaced by a double entry, with one car door each being provided for entry and exit. The empty weight rose from 12.6 to 14 tons.

The cars were driven by two DC series motors of the AEG type US 351, each with an output of 39.6 kilowatts. At that time the common FB 3 with eleven start-up and seven braking levels served as the drive switch. An electric short-circuit brake was used as the brake and a hand-lever brake was used as the parking brake.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berliner Verkehrsblätter (5/1977), p. 100