Hanuš Goldschmid

Hanuš Goldschmid (first name also Jan or Hans ; last name also spelled Goldschmied or Goldschmidt ; * April 10, 1891 in Náchod , Bohemia ; † June 27, 1966 in São Paulo , Brazil ) was a textile entrepreneur in the from 1911 to 1918 Austro-Hungarian monarchy and then until 1939 in Czechoslovakia . From 1935 to 1939 and from 1946 to the February coup in 1948, he was chairman of the Jewish community in Náchod .

Life

Hanuš Goldschmid came from a Jewish family that has been occupied by Moses Jacob Goldschmid in Náchod in East Bohemia since 1636. Hanuš's parents were the textile entrepreneur

• Max Michael Goldschmid (born October 8, 1847, † 1911 in Náchod) and
• Mathilde Neumann ( Matylda Neumanová , born January 21, 1856 in Neubidschow ; † February 19, 1924 in Vienna, buried in Náchod).

The Goldschmid company was founded by Hanuš's grandfather Samuel Goldschmid in 1846 and entered in the company register in 1878. The factory buildings were located in Běloves (Bielowes) at Kladská ulice (Glatzer Street) 112; the business premises were on Náchod Main Square (now Masarykovo náměstí ), house no. 57. First of all, linen was bought by the house weavers from the surrounding villages. A mechanical weaving mill for white goods and damask was later put into operation. The fabrics produced were exported to England, Denmark, France, Holland and Luxembourg, among others. After the death of his father in 1911, Hanuš Goldschmid took over the management of the company. He expanded the circle of customers to North and South America, Scandinavia and Yugoslavia. In 1933 300 workers were employed who worked on 150 looms.

After the death of his brother-in-law Gustav Schur, who was the head of the Jewish community in Náchod, Hanuš Goldschmid was elected his successor on October 27, 1935. After Czechoslovakia was occupied by German troops on March 16, 1939 and became a protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , Hanuš Goldschmid emigrated to Palestine with his wife and son Max Michael. His textile company was confiscated as a Jewish property, Aryanized and taken over by Břetislav Kubeček.

After the liberation of Czechoslovakia in 1945, Hanuš Goldschmid returned to Náchod with his family. In 1947 he was elected deputy chairman of the re-established Jewish community in Náchod. Shortly after the communists came to power in the February revolution in 1948, he and his family emigrated again, this time to Brazil. There he died on June 27, 1966 in São Paulo.

family

On August 16, 1931, Hanuš Goldschmid married

• Alice Kohnerová (born April 7, 1911 in Náchod, † January 12, 2001 in São Paulo), daughter of the manufacturer Rudolf Kohner, owner of the mechanical weaving mill Tramer & Kohner in Náchod (born August 1, 1875 in Beschau ; † 1943/44 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp ) and Elsa (Eliška) Sgallová (October 18, 1886 in Lusche ; † 1943/44 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp). The son came from marriage
• Max Michael Goldschmid (born September 29, 1932 in Trautenau ), attended the Náchoder grammar school until 1948 after returning from Palestine.

Stumbling blocks for five sisters of Hanuš Goldschmid

Hanuš Goldschmid had five sisters who are reminiscent of Stolpersteine in their hometown of Náchod :

1. Jenny ( Eugenie or Evženie ; * 1878; † February 7/8, 1944 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp ). Since 1900 she was married to the widower Gustav Schur († 1935), co-owner of the company Izák (Isaak) Schur & Sons.
2. Lilly (* 1884, † February 1944 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp). Was married to Rudolf Haas from Jungbunzlau , with whom she lived in Prague. Returned to Náchod as a widow in 1941/42 and lived with her brother Hanuš Goldschmid. After the Jews were no longer allowed to live on the main square, she lived with her sister Jenny on Tyršová ulice.
   1. Max (* 1912), was brought from Prague to the Litzmannstadt ghetto in 1941 . Was liberated near Mühldorf in 1945.
3. Alice (* 1881; † February 7/8, 1944 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp). In 1942 she was deported with her husband NN Schwabacher to the Theresienstadt concentration camp , where her husband died.
4. Marianne ( Mitzi ; * 1886, † † February 1944 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp); was married to Arthur Steiner from Pardubitz .
   1. Liselotte, married Horáčková, was liberated from the Theresienstadt concentration camp in 1945.
5. Lotte ( Lola ; * 1898; † January 8, 1945 in Stutthof concentration camp ); was married to the Náchod doctor Karl Kraus († 1944 in Auschwitz-Birkenau) since 1928.

literature

• Alena Čtvrtečková: Osudy židovských rodin z Náchodska 1938–1945 . Nakladatelství Bor, Liberec 2010, ISBN 978-80-86807-82-9 , pp. 270-273.
• Lydia Baštecká, Ivana Ebelová: Náchod . Náchod 2004, ISBN 80-7106-674-5 , pp. 177 and 183.

Web links

• Company in Běloves (now part of Náchod)