Hartmann I. von Grüningen

The Upper Castle in the Grüningen district of Riedlingen with the remains of the Romanesque ancestral castle

The grave slab of Count Hartmann I von Grüningen in the Bartholomäuskirche Markgröningen

The Staufer stele in front of the Bartholomäuskirche commemorates Hartmann I von Grüningen

Hartmann I (first mentioned 1237; † October 4, 1280 in captivity on the Hohenasperg, buried in the Bartholomäuskirche in Markgröningen ) was the first count of Grüningen. He comes from the House of Württemberg and is the founder of the independent line of those von Grüningen , named after Grüningen , a current district of Riedlingen .

Hartmann is mentioned for the first time in 1237 together with his grandfather Hartmann I. von Württemberg . In 1246, Hartmann and Ulrich I of Württemberg and other Swabian nobles unexpectedly (treason) converted to the rival king Heinrich Raspe in the battle of Frankfurt . In 1252 he received the town and castle of Markgröningen from King Wilhelm of Holland as a fief. In 1257 he called himself sacri imperii signifer ( Reichssturmfahnträger ). Because of the medieval spelling Grüningen for Markgröningen, the county is often incorrectly referred to Markgröningen in older literature.

Agnes and Hartmann II von Grüningen came from his first marriage to an unknown woman. Hartmann I married Hedwig von Veringen, daughter of Count Wolfrad von Veringen , and had the sons Konrad II, Ludwig and Eberhard with her. For this marriage, due to close relatives (Hartmann's grandfather was also married to a Veringerin), a papal dispensation was required, which was granted by Innocent IV in 1252 and 1254 .

He often wrote documents together with Ulrich I von Württemberg, profited from the failure of the Staufer , boasted of his loyalty to the Pope , was one of the most influential Swabian counts and interpreted the town of Markgröningen as a private property , which he expanded. As lord of the church, he initiated the new construction of the city ​​church here . After the interregnum , he refused to return the Grüninger fief to the new King Rudolf von Habsburg , which led to longstanding armed conflicts and ultimately to his capture on April 6, 1280. He was imprisoned on the Hohenasperg , where he died after half a year in prison.

After King Rudolf von Habsburg had brought the Grüninger Reichssturmfahnlehen back to the empire, Hartmann's descendants named themselves von Grüningen-Landau and later only von Landau after Landau Castle on the Danube .

His tomb in the Bartholomäuskirche in Markgröningen still reminds of the count today. In 2012 a Staufer stele was erected in front of the church , which reminds of Hartmann I on two of four sides, who is wrongly referred to as "von Grüningen-Landau".

Hartmann I. = Hartmann I. + Hartmann II. + Hartmann III. ?

Occasionally the view is taken that in reality there was a father, son and grandson, all of whom were called Hartmann and which modern historical research has wrongly combined into one person, the father. The following articles are based on this hypothesis:

• Hartmann II of Grüningen
• Hartmann III. from Grüningen

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Inscription on the tomb: “ANNO.D (omi) NI. MC CLXXX. IN. THE. FRA (n) CISSI. OB (iit). HARTMANN (us). COMES. DE. GRUENINGEN ". Translated: “In the year of the Lord 1280 on the day of salvation. Franziskus (October 4th) died Hartmann, Count von Grüningen. ”Quoted from Werner Feil: Evang. Bartholomäus-Kirche Markgröningen (= Schnell Kunstführer. No. 1655). 1st edition. Schnell & Steiner, Munich 1987, ISBN 978-3-7954-5365-7 .
2. ^ Sönke Lorenz , Dieter Mertens , Volker Press (ed.): The house of Württemberg. A biographical lexicon. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-013605-4 , p. 2, p. 10f. and pp. 45-52.
3. ^ Sönke Lorenz : Hartmann (I.). In: Sönke Lorenz, Dieter Mertens , Volker Press (eds.): Das Haus Württemberg. A biographical lexicon. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-013605-4 , p. 50.
4. ↑ Lorenz (1997) p. 50.
5. ↑ Lorenz (1997) p. 50f.
6. ↑ Lorenz (1997) p. 51.
7. ^ Sönke Lorenz : NN and Hedwig von Veringen. In: Sönke Lorenz, Dieter Mertens , Volker Press (eds.): Das Haus Württemberg. A biographical lexicon. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-013605-4 , p. 51f.
8. ↑ Stauferstele Markgröningen on stauferstelen.net. Retrieved January 30, 2016.

literature

• Peter Fendrich: Return of the Counts of Grüningen - Insight into the revised history of the county on Heyd's footsteps . In: Through the city glasses - historical research, stories and preservation of monuments in Markgröningen , Volume 10, ed. v. AGD Markgröningen, Markgröningen 2016, pp. 40–47, ISBN 978-3000539077
• Ursula Mereb: Studies on the history of ownership of the counts and lords of Grüningen-Landau from approx. 1250 to approx. 1500. Diss. University of Tübingen 1970 ( DNB 482141751 ), especially pp. 33-36 and 70 (No. 3).
• Sönke Lorenz : Hartmann (I.). In: Sönke Lorenz, Dieter Mertens , Volker Press (eds.): Das Haus Württemberg. A biographical lexicon. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-013605-4 , p. 50f.