Landau Castle

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Landau Castle
Landau Castle stood on this mountain on the Danube

Landau Castle stood on this mountain on the Danube

Alternative name (s): Landauhof ruins, Landau Castle
Creation time : around 1256
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Wall and moat remains
Standing position : Nobles, counts
Place: Ertingen - Binzwangen - Landauhof
Geographical location 48 ° 5 '57.8 "  N , 9 ° 24' 29.2"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 5 '57.8 "  N , 9 ° 24' 29.2"  E
Height: 577.4  m above sea level NN
Landau Castle (Baden-Wuerttemberg)
Landau Castle

The castle Landau also ruin the country Auhof and Schloss Landau called, is an Outbound Spur castle on a long 577.4  meters above sea level. NN high spur above the Danube northeast of Landauhof on what is today the district of Binzwangen , municipality of Ertingen in the district of Biberach in Baden-Württemberg .

history

Landau Castle was first mentioned in 1256. The builder was Hartmann I. von Grüningen († 1280), whose headquarters were in Grüningen near Riedlingen and whose descendants called themselves von Grüningen-Landau . The Counts of Grüningen-Landau had to sell the castle and the manor in 1323 due to an economic emergency, but were able to buy them back in 1356. In the second half of the 14th century, the Counts of Landau, as they called themselves in the meantime, left the count, descended into the lower nobility and called themselves knights or half knights. In 1437, the noble family finally lost its eponymous seat when it sold the castle and the lordship to the Waldburg chiefs. The Waldburger sold this acquisition to the Heiligkreuztal monastery in 1443 . When Heiligkreuztal was secularized in 1804, his property fell to which u. a. Binzwangen, Friedingen, Waldhausen, Ertingen, Beuren, Hundersingen and the Dollhof, Thalhof and Landauhof also belonged to the Electorate of Württemberg, from 1806 to the Kingdom of Württemberg .

The castle was destroyed before 1544. From the castle complex on a polygonal plateau with a main castle at the end of the mountain spur, which was separated from a trapezoidal side castle by a moat , no stone remains can be seen, as the ruins were completely used as a quarry for other construction projects.

The Landauhof borders in the southwest . The main building of this agricultural property was built in the middle of the 17th century with stones from the ruins and is therefore a listed building. The stable building is around a hundred years younger than the main building and was built in 1755, as the inscription MDCCLV on a ceiling beam shows. The farm, which belonged to the Heiligenkreuztal monastery, became a royal domain in the municipality of Binswangen in the Oberamt Riedlingen of the Württemberg Danube district after secularization and is now a state domain . Today's tenant family is running the farm, which also includes the site of the former castle, in the 12th generation.

The main castle was at the end of the mountain spur in the left half of the picture. Far left behind the trees is the Landauhof , whose buildings were built in the 17th and 18th centuries using stones from the ruins. The panorama photo was taken from the direction of the Danube.

  • View over the moat to the area on which the main castle stood and the Landauhof .

  • View from the main castle over the moat to the area on which the neighboring castle stood.

  • Castle moat and tracks of the cattle that graze around and on the castle hill.

  • Landauhof , which was built with stones from the castle.

  • Year MDCCLV in the ceiling beam of the stable building.

Landscape protection area

The areas around the former castle in the Gewann Schlossberg von Binzwangen have been designated as a landscape protection area under the name Landauhof since June 22, 1995 . The area with the number 4.26.041 has a size of 45.5 hectares. The slope of the Danube Valley is protected, topographically very agitated and richly structured in terms of landscape through the alternation of hedges, orchards, forests, meadows and pastures. There are different biotopes, from spring horizons to semi-arid grasslands, a beautiful landscape and diverse flora and fauna.

literature

  • Max Miller (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). Kröner, Stuttgart 1965, DNB 456882928 .
  • Stefan Uhl: Castles, palaces and aristocratic residences in the Biberach district. (= Local history sheets for the Biberach district. Vol. 9, special issue 1, ISSN  1430-9475 ). Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach an der Riß 1986, pp. 50–51.
  • Landauhof. In: Pierer's Universal Lexicon. Volume 10. 4th edition. Altenburg 1857–1865, p. 77 (Neusatz and facsimile. (= Digital library 115). Directmedia, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-89853-515-0 ).

Remarks

  1. ^ Name after castles, palaces and aristocratic residences in the Biberach district
  2. ^ Name according to the handbook of historical sites in Germany. Volume 6
  3. ^ Name according to Pierer's Universal Lexicon. Volume 10 , p. 77
  4. ^ Sönke Lorenz , Dieter Mertens, Volker Press (ed.): The house of Württemberg. A biographical lexicon. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-013605-4 , pp. 45-50.
  5. ↑ Daniela Termolen: Heiligkreuztal. A companion through Münster and the monastery complex , Beuron 2004, p. 4.

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