Akira Hasegawa

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Akira Hasegawa, 2020

Akira Hasegawa ( Japanese 長谷川 晃 , Hasegawa Akira ; born June 17, 1934 in Tokyo Prefecture ) is a Japanese physicist who works with plasma physics and optical solitons .

Life

Hasegawa studied at Osaka University , where he graduated as an engineer in 1959. He then went to the University of California, Berkeley as a Fulbright Fellow , where he received his doctorate in 1964 with a thesis on plasma physics. In addition, he received a doctorate from Nagoya University in 1967 . From 1964 he was an assistant professor in Osaka. From 1968/9 he was at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill (New Jersey). From 1971 he was also in the Faculty of Applied Physics at the University of Columbia .

In 1981 he was visiting professor at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne . From 1984 he worked at the Laser-Nuclear Fusion Research Center (English. Institute of Laser Engineering ) at Osaka University and in 1985 again at Bell Laboratories. From 1991 he was again a professor in Osaka, where he retired in 1998. Hasegawa was then a research professor at Kochi University of Technology and a consultant in the NTT laboratories.

In 1973 he was the first to suggest the existence of optical solitons.

In 1974 he and Liu Chen suggested heating tokamak plasmas with Alfven Wellen. With Kunioki Mima he introduced an equation named after them to describe turbulence in tokamak plasmas in 1977, which was expanded to the Hasegawa-Wakatani equation with Masahiro Wakatani in the 1980s . Hasegawa and colleagues predicted an inverse cascade in the turbulent energy spectrum (that is, from small to large wavelengths) and zonal flows (in the azimuthal direction in the tokamak) that can control the radial turbulent diffusion. With Wakatani he wrote a thesis on self-organized turbulence in plasmas.

He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), whose division plasma physics he headed in 1990 and whose James Clerk Maxwell Prize for plasma physics he received in 2000. In the laudation, his innovative discoveries and fundamental contributions to the theory of turbulence of nonlinear drift waves, the propagation of Alfven waves in the laboratory and in space plasma , as well as to optical solitons and their application in communication technology were highlighted.

A proposal by Hasegawa to confine plasmas with a dipole magnet similar to the magnetic field of the earth, where turbulence caused by the solar wind stabilizes the confinement, was implemented in 2010 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in a plasma experiment with a floating dipole .

In 1991 he received the British Rank Prize . He received several Japanese prizes, including the Shida Rinzaburō Prize of the Japanese Ministry of Post and Telecommunications in 1993 and the Hattori Hōkō Prize in the same year. In 1995 he received the French Moet Hennessy-Louis Vuitton Da Vinci of Excellence Prize. In 1999 he received the IEEE / LEOS Quantum Electronics Award . In 2011 he received the Hannes Alfvén Prize .

Fonts

  • Plasma instabilities and nonlinear effects , Springer 1975
  • with T. Sato: Space plasma physics , Springer 1989
  • Optical solitons in Fibers , Springer 1990
  • with Yuji Kodama: Solitons in Optical Communication , Clarendon Press, Oxford 1995
  • Self organization processes in continuous media , Advances in Physics 1985

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dates of birth in Hasegawa Soliton-based communications - an overview , IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2000
  2. ↑ a b c 長谷川 晃 博士 略 歴 . NEC, accessed August 29, 2010 (Japanese).
  3. ↑ Hasegawa, Frederick Tappert: Transmission of stationary nonlinear optical pulses in dispersive dielectric fibers. I. Anomalous dispersion. Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 23, 1973, pp. 142-144
  4. ↑ Hasegawa, Mima Pseudo-three-dimensional turbulence in magnetized nonuniform plasma , Phys. Fluids, Volume 21, 1978, pp. 87-92, Hasegawa, Mima Stationary spectrum of strong turbulence in magnetized nonuniform plasma , Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 39, 1977, p. 205
  5. ↑ A. Hasegawa, M. Wakatani Plasma Edge Turbulence , Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 50, 1983, pp. 682-686
  6. ↑ Hasegawa, Maclennon, Kodama, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 22, 1979, 2122
  7. ↑ Hasegawa, Wakatani Self-organization of electrostatic turbulence in a cylindrical plasma , Phys. Rev., Lett., Vol. 59, 1987, p. 1581
  8. ↑ Laudation for the Maxwell Prize: For innovative discoveries and seminal contributions to the theories of nonlinear drift wave turbulence, Alfvin wave propagation in laboratory and space plasmas, and optical solitons and their application to high speed communication.
  9. ↑ Scharf, Pro Physik, 2010
personal data
SURNAME Hasegawa, Akira
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 長谷川 晃 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese physicist
DATE OF BIRTH June 17, 1934
PLACE OF BIRTH Tokyo prefecture