Rabbit earling
| Rabbit earling | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rabbit earling ( Otidea leporina ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Otidea leporina | ||||||||||||
| ( Batsch : Fr. ) Fuckel |
The rabbit earling ( Otidea leporina ) is a rare type of mushroom from the family of the fire pillow relatives .
features
Macroscopic features
The fruiting bodies, which appear mostly in groups, more rarely individually or in distributed form, are 2 to 5 centimeters high. They are deeply slit on one side, cup-shaped or rabbit-shaped. They often sit directly on the floor; a stem structure is absent or is very short. The inside with the fruit layer is yellowish brown. Especially when it is dry, the yellow-brown or rust-yellow, finely pimply outside can be a little lighter than the inside. The thin meat is brittle and tastes mild. It has no distinctive odor. Iodine reagents show no noticeable effect.
Microscopic features
The cylindrical tubes measure 140 to 170 by 10 to 12 microns. They each carry eight slightly yellowish spores in a row. These are ellipsoidal in shape and measure 12 to 14 by 6.5 to 8 micrometers. Their surfaces are smooth. Inside, two or rarely a single large oil drop or core can be seen. The paraphyses are threadlike and end slightly hook-shaped.
Species delimitation
In the genus of the earlings ( Otidea ) it is often difficult to distinguish between the individual species. The rabbit's ear can only be distinguished from the pine forest earling ( Otidea abietina ) by microscopic features. The fruit layer of the dog's ear ( Otidea onotica ) has a pink tinge, especially when it is young; fruit bodies are also usually somewhat larger and have more orange color aspects. Otidea smithii has a grayish-brown exterior. The incised or leather-brown eyelet ( Otidea alutacea ) has cut-off shaped fruiting bodies with usually grayish-brown inner surface that appear in dense groups. The larger, more pointed fruiting bodies of the ear-shaped Lorchel ( Helvella silvicola ) are reliably distinguished by their spores. The dainty or lemon yellow eyelet ( Otidea concinna ) is very similar or possibly identical.
Distribution and ecology
It is fruitful from August to October. It lives in mountain coniferous forests in ecto mycorrhizal symbiosis with spruce , in America especially with Douglas fir . Occurrences are known in northern India, Europe and the northwest of North America.
Systematics and taxonomy
The species was officially described scientifically for the first time as Helvella auricula by Jacob Christian Schäffer in 1763 in his “Naturally ground images of Baierischer and Palatinate sponges that grow around Regensburg” . Since the species epithet used there collides with another sanctioned one, the name in use today is based on the later description by August Johann Georg Karl Batsch as Peziza leporina from the work "Elenchus fungorum" published in 1783. In 1870 the species was assigned to the genus Öhrlinge ( Otidea ) by Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel .
A small-pore variety (spores 8 to 11 to 5 to 6 micrometers), Otidea leporina var. Minor , is known from California .
Like the German names, the specific epithet of the scientific name relates to rabbits (Latin: lepus - the rabbit).
meaning
The rabbit's ear is edible and is and was used as an edible mushroom and also marketed locally, but should be spared at least in Central Europe due to its rarity.
swell
- ^ Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th edition. CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 (784 pages).
- ↑ Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , p. 678.
- ^ A b Harold J. Larsen: Key to the genera of the operculate cup-fungi (Pezizales) of the Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountain Region. In: South Vancouver Island Mycological Society homepage. Pacific Northwest Key Council, November 7, 1980; accessed March 29, 2013 .
- ↑ Edmund E. Tylutki: Mushrooms of Idaho and the Pacific Northwest: Volume 1 - Discomycetes . University Press of Idaho, 1979, ISBN 978-0-89301-062-1 , pp. 99 f . (English).
- ↑ a b Jacob Christian Schäffer, 1763: Naturally painted images of Bavarian and Palatinate sponges that grow around Regensburg, Volume Two, page 156.
- ^ August Johann Georg Karl Batsch, 1783: Elenchus fungorum, page 117
- ^ Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel: Symbolae mycologicae. Contributions to the knowledge of the Rhenish mushrooms . In: Yearbooks of the Nassau Association for Natural History . tape 23-24 , 1870, pp. 329 .
- ↑ Sanjeev Kumar, Yash Pal Sharma: Diversity of wild mushrooms from Jammu and Kashmir (India) . In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mushroom Biology and Mushroom Products . Jammu 2011 (English, inra.fr [PDF]). Diversity of wild mushrooms from Jammu and Kashmir (India) ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
