House Merfeld
The Merfeld house is a listed secular building in the peasantry 5-6 in Merfeld , a district of Dülmen in the Coesfeld district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ).
history
Merfeld is first mentioned in documents as Merfeldon around 890 . The Lords of Merveldt are first mentioned in the 12th century. A castle is first mentioned in documents in 1358. A double castle was formed in 1394 and reunited in 1693.
It is documented that in 1316 the Lord von Merveldt secured rights to wild horses in addition to fishing and hunting rights . The sovereign was the Prince-Bishop of Munster . The von Merveldt family came into conflict with the Holy Roman Empire at the end of the 16th century. Adolf III. von Merveldt (* 1546; † 1604) then established a free court at Merfeld Castle and thus withdrew from the sovereignty of the Prince-Bishop of Münster. Because of this incident, Adolf III changed. from Merveldt to the Protestant faith. Adolf III. von Merveldt also carried out several witch trials . The assertion of a separate jurisdiction including place of execution and the establishment of a reformed church system in Merfeld were for Adolf III. von Merveldt and Johann Adolf von Merveldt (* ~ 1580; † 1619) the appropriate instruments to defend their claim to local rule. The denominational opposition to the Prince-Bishop was typical for many families of the Westphalian nobility at the time. In 1691 the line to Merfeld expired and the Merfeld family inherited from the von Merode family . In the early 19th century ownership changed several times until Duke Alfred von Croÿ took over the lands in 1836. After the destruction of Dülmen Castle in 1945, Haus Merfeld has been the residence of the Dukes of Croÿ , who also keep the famous Dülmen wild horses . The Grumsmühlen estate has belonged to the property since 1923 .
architecture
The complex used to be surrounded by moats, remnants of the moats are still there. The complex consists of a manor house with a rectangular gatehouse and a chapel . Many buildings were demolished in the early 19th century.
The mansion is a simple brick building under a hipped roof . Above the entrance is the alliance coat of arms of those of Mallinckrodt and Merode ; it is marked 1755.
The gatehouse was built in 1547 by Heinrich Wichmann as a brick building with ashlar structures and diamond patterns made of glazed stones. The floors are divided by water hammer . The stepped gables are decorated with loopholes . On the field side, the walls are divided by loopholes. There is a door to the courtyard in a late Gothic robe. The house can be reached via a stone spiral staircase.
chapel
The core of the St. Anthony Abbot Chapel dates from 1466; it was expanded to the west in the 19th century. It is a low, flat-roofed hall building . The walls are divided by pointed arch windows.
literature
- Georg Dehio (greeting), Ursula Quednau (editing) and a .: North Rhine-Westphalia, Vol. 2: Westphalia ( Handbook of German Art Monuments ). Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 .
- Erik Potthoff, Dietmar Rabich: Dülmen - yesterday and today . 1st edition. Laumann-Verlag, Dülmen 2013, ISBN 978-3-89960-397-2 , Haus Merfeld, p. 214 f .
Web links
- Original cadastre (accessed on April 4, 2012)
Coordinates: 51 ° 51 ′ 7.2 " N , 7 ° 12 ′ 38.4" E