Holy perennial (willow)
The chapel of St. Staude is today in the Upper Palatinate town of Weiden . The church was first built by Amberg citizen Hans Klopfer the Elder. Ä. (before 1470), in 1589 it was destroyed by evangelical citizens of Weiden, because they did not want to allow the church consecration ceremony there to continue to be held by the Leuchtenberg pastor in Schirmitz , who remained Catholic . In 1953 it was rebuilt.
history
The chapel is mentioned for the first time in 1470 as belonging to the parish of Schirmitz , although the latter has existed since 1326 according to the parish directory of the diocese of Regensburg . The booze of the church should pay the pastor of Schirmitz five Schilling Pfennigs. At Quasimodogeniti he should hold the church consecration and on the day of Johannes et Pauli , Laurentii mayryris , Wolfgangi confessoris , Leonhardi and Carnival, mass should be read; for each reading of the mass he should receive two groschen and for the preaching of the gospel three groschen. In 1470, the Amberg citizen Hans Klopfer the Elder. Ä. This handed over his church to the city of Weiden, whereby he obliged the council members that the founder and his descendants should be remembered in prayer on the day of the patronage . The founder died in 1473, as evidenced by an epitaph at the Amberg St. Martin Church ( Anno Dmi, the Erberg man Hanns Klopfer citizen of Amberg died on Sunday Jubilate. To God! Amen. ). At that time, a weekly Saturday mass was held in the church of the Holy Staude by the parish priest of Schirmitz or his chaplain . The incorporation into the church in Schirmitz is also confirmed in 1517.
The church must have been very popular, as can be seen from the donations received. The city of Weiden has taken out a loan of 100 florins with good interest from the church assets . After the great fire of 1536 in Weiden, the altars were removed to be placed in the Weiden parish church of St. Michael . At the transition from willow to Lutheran doctrine , the chalice, vestments and bell were also removed in 1538 (the latter is said to have been hung in the lower gate of willows). Because of the religious mandate introduced by Count Palatine Ottheinrich on June 22, 1542, the church lost its income, which is transferred to the Weidener Bürgerspital.
Because of the placement of the church on the controversial border between the Protestant community office Weiden and the Catholic Landgraviate of Leuchtenberg , there were repeated disputes. Allegedly in 1536 the evangelical citizens of Weiden fought for the chapel of St. Staude, which stood ten paces from the Landgrave's office on Palatinate soil. Gilg von Waldthurn and his men advanced against the Weidener to prevent the chapel from being demolished. That happened a second time, but the Weidener remained victorious. Landgrave Georg III. wants to celebrate a parish fair at the chapel of the Holy Staude in 1543 and protect the parish fair. The Weidener do not want to tolerate this and send a considerable number of armed citizens to the church; But there were no physical disputes because the Leuchtenberg farm servant and then the pastor of Schirmitz left the square in protest. This was the reason for a judicial dispute over several years over the course of the border, which was ended by the so-called Heidelberg Treaty of 1546 in the sense of Weiden. Nevertheless, on April 18, 1549, the landgrave councilor and administrator of Pfreimd , Hans Frey, called Eivelstetter, wrote to Landgrave Georg that he had commissioned the church consecration protection at the Holy Staude and ordered the pastor of Schirmitz to preach, with demurrage for shopkeepers and shoemakers who had obviously set up their stalls here.
The church has fallen into decline due to the religious division. In 1588 the dispute broadened, because 55 Weideners prevented the people of Leuchtenberg from accessing the church by armed forces. It is not up to the Landgrave to rebuild the church that was near the collapse (and a forester's house next to it) and it is up to them to decide how to practice their religion. On May 1, 1588, the Landgrave himself is said to have appeared with 500 men (?), Including three trumpeters and three whistlers, and to have made up for the previously prevented church consecration. Another week later the Weidener break into the church with 220 men in the early hours of the morning and take the lumber and the carpenters' tools with them that the Leuchtenberger intended to repair. In 1589, the district judge and caretaker from Leuchtenberg learned from Sebastian Kastner , councilor in Weiden, that the Weiden residents had decided to seize the pastor at the next church consecration and to smash the church. On April 10, 1589, the pastor of Schirmitz reported that the church (with the consent of the Palatinate government in Amberg) had been destroyed in the night of April 7th to 8th. The pastor had to give his sermon on a stone in front of the church door and protested against the demolition. The following year there was almost another attack on White Sunday . Weiden officials and councilors are with a contingent of arquebusiers appeared and, faced the Schirmitzer priest who came with five poachers and the light bergischen bailiff. There have been violent protests on both sides, but the parties have not become violent. On January 24, 1591, a settlement was made between Elector Friedrich , Count Palatine Friedrich and Landgrave Georg Ludwig , according to which the Church of the Holy Staude was "dismissed" forever. The masonry is said to have stood for a number of years, but since it served as a hiding place for all kinds of rabble, it was laid down and given to farmers to build houses and barns.
The Counter Reformation began in Weiden in 1627 . Weiden Jesuits made an effort in general to rebuild earlier places of worship. A cross was erected on the site of the former high altar of the Church of the Holy Staude, with images of St. Wolfgang and St. Helena (allegedly the church was consecrated to St. Wolfgang and St. Helena ) and on June 10, 1627 a cloister of the surrounding parishes of the Holy Staude took place. The foundation stone was laid on September 10, 1627 by the Chancellor of Leuchtenberg, Dr. Ludwig Federl for the planned church, the sermon was given by the Jesuit P. Balsterer ; on September 14, 1627 the Jesuit superior Fr. Christoph Engelberger preached here . This again provoked the protest of the Weidener, who were the owners of the abandoned church under constitutional rights and who subsequently had the foundation stone removed. The turmoil of the Thirty Years' War prevented further study of this church. The construction of the church is therefore not pursued further (apart from a later advance by Leuchtenberg in 1723 with the Bavarian Elector Maximilian II Emanuel , for whom a church plan with a dome was even presented), but processions to the cross there take place again and again.
In 1729 the Mayor of Weiden, Josef Ignaz Moritz, donated a picture of Our Lady made by the Sulzbach artist Johann Christoph Karl , which was placed on a pillar in the area of the remains of the church wall. The parish of Schirmitz then had an offering box set up there for the church in Schirmitz without having asked for permission . Another suggestion by Mayor Josef Ignaz Moritz to have a wooden roof made for the picture is rejected by the Leuchtenberg office. Thereupon the column with the picture is placed further down on Weidener Grund, however the pastor of Schirmitz had his own picture of Mary put up here. In 1802, as part of the secularization, it was ordered that the picture donated by Josef Ignaz Moritz should be taken to a church in Weiden, where it can still be found today in the church of St. Sebastian next to the iron grating under the gallery. The image of the Virgin Mary by Schirmitz also had to be removed.
Chapel of St. Staude today
After all the centuries of difficulties, the chapel was restored by the master rope maker FX Hammer on the site of the old church and inaugurated on October 4th 1953. The plan was drawn up by the architect Gustav Menger . The chapel is built of granite stones and with a gable roof covered. It has a porch with two brick pillars and a roof turret , which is closed by a pyramid roof. This contains a ship's bell with a diameter of approx. 20 cm, which can be rung by hand. The sound of the bell is around ~ as .
Today the chapel belongs to the parish of St. Josef von Weiden and is a popular place for holding Christian festivals, such as Christmas mass , but is also a station on the "Spiritual Path around the parish church of St. Josef in Weiden ".
literature
- Adolf Wolfgang Schuster : Home chronicle of the community of Schirmitz. Schirmitz Municipality, Schirmitz 1998, pp. 72–77.
Web links
- Joseph Bauer: The church “St. Perennial “near willows. Home pages for the upper Naabgau , Volume 5, 1927, accessed on January 21, 2020.
- Pictures of the Chapel of the Holy Staude , accessed on January 21, 2020.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bell of the Waldkapelle zur Heiligen Staude , accessed on January 20, 2020.
- ↑ Christmas mass at the Holy Staude Tips and dates , accessed on January 20, 2020.
- ↑ Spiritual Path around St. Joseph , accessed on January 20, 2020.
Coordinates: 49 ° 40 ′ 1.6 ″ N , 12 ° 11 ′ 32.9 ″ E