St. Jakobus (Schirmitz)
The listed Roman Catholic former parish church of St. Jakobus on the southern edge of the Upper Palatinate town of Schirmitz belongs to the "Parish of Maria Königin in Schirmitz". The current parish church of Schirmitz is the "Maria Königin" church, completed in 1958, which was consecrated in May 1963 .
history
The place Schirmitz was first mentioned in 1223 when Schirnwitz appears in the name of Marcward von Schirnwitz as Ministeriale der Landgrave von Leuchtenberg . In the parish register of the Diocese of Regensburg from 1326, a parish in Schirmitz is mentioned, it belonged to the dean's office in Schwarzhofen at that time and has an income of one silver mark. The parish of Pirk , which became independent in 1964, with Pischeldorf, Pirkmühle and Pirkerziegelhütte, Bechtsrieth , Zollhaus, Heilige Staude and Tröglersricht also belonged to the parish of Schirmitz . The size of the original parish suggests an early establishment.
On January 12, 1332, the Regensburg bishop Nikolaus von Ybbs transferred the new toe a . a. von Schirmitz to several citizens of Regensburg. The so-called clerical freedom, issued by the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg, dates from 1363; this is the right that pastors can pass on their property to any person after their death; this also applies to the parish of Schirmitz. In the Leuchtenberg fief books, Schirmitz appears as a church fief of the Leuchtenbergers. When the Kolbhof was sold to the Alber , it is said that the estate was “behind the church”. In 1459 it is said that the Schirnitz parish donated 16 Regensburg pfennigs in silver for the construction of the cathedral in Regensburg .
In the 16th century, in the course of the Reformation, the Parochus zu Schirmitz Caspar Valentin Reulein "moved"; he is still active here in 1596, although the mandatum contra Clericos concubinarios has been in effect since 1583 , but the lack of priests made a replacement in the territory of the Leuchtenbergers, which remained Catholic, impossible. It was not “abolished” until 1605 and he had to move away from the Landgraviate of Leuchtenberg “together with his followers or supposed wife”. During the Thirty Years War , Schirmitz was looked after by priests from the Societas Jesu . A bell that was lost during the war was made in the post-war period by the bell founder Johann Schelchhorn from Regensburg for 91 fl and 12 kreuzers . In 1750 the nave was extended to the west due to the increasing number of believers. A consecration capsule found when the altar was later demolished contains a consecration form from around 1700 by Auxiliary Bishop Albert Ernst von Wartenberg .
In 1616 a parsonage was built, but as early as 1670 reports were made of a dilapidated parsonage in Schirmitz, which had been empty for 40 years. The parsonage was rebuilt in 1842, as well as in 1954/56.
From 1752 to 1754 the nave with the sacristy of the church was built new and wider. The tower above the presbytery was preserved, as was the recessed square choir with cross vaults . The Amberg city architect Wolfgang Dürmann carried out the buildings in 1752/53. The carpenter is Lorenz Graf von Amberg and his son Georg Lorenz . The window panes were obtained from the glassworks in Reichenhall . The rococo-like pulpit , the communion grille, the sacristy cupboards and the pews were made by master carpenter Stefan Rast from Leuchtenberg ; the paintings, including the evangelists in the pulpit, are by Johann Mathias Götz von Neustadt an der Waldnaab . The sculptor Johannes Roßmann from Oberviechtach carved an angel with trumpets over the sound cover and other decorations for the pulpit .
In 1936 the so-called “Children's Church” was dismantled from the tower; this is today's Jakobskapelle. It contains a statue of Jacob from 1989 by the wood sculptor Wendelin Sperl .
New parish church "Maria Königin"
From 1957 a suitable site for a new church and a parish hall is sought. In the spring of 1957, the planning is architect Meckler presented and in July will begin with the construction, foundation stone was laid on September 8, 1957. On the fourth Sunday of Advent 1958, the new church canon is Augustin Kuffner benediziert . Auxiliary Bishop Josef Hiltl inaugurated the new "Maria Königin" church on May 26, 1963. In 1962 a high altar painting for the church with the theme "Christ returning to the Last Judgment" is designed and completed in 1963. Another picture, "Maria Königin", and a mosaic Stations of the Cross are planned from 1965 and installed in 1967. On April 22, 1972, the local sacristy burned down completely, but it was restored in the same year.
Construction
The essentially medieval building of the Jakobuskirche is a hall church with a hipped roof and a retracted rectangular choir. The church is built of quarry stone , only at the corners of the tower the quarry stone is reinforced by ashlars. On the east side of the choir there is a partially preserved slit window that could be interpreted as Romanesque . The choir tower is closed by a pyramid roof, the year 1752 can be found here. On May 19, 1924, the demolition of the old tower roof began and a bell tower was rebuilt with a 5.3 m wall elevation.
A chapel extension from 1936 with a pent roof stands to the southeast . The Ölbergkapelle belonging to the church is a steep roof building over a rectangular floor plan with a tail gable from the first half of the 20th century. The Lourdes Chapel was built in the first half of the 20th century, it is a saddle roof building with a retracted rectangular apse and a gable rider with built-in bells.
The Jakobuskirche was renovated in 1985. When installing a new floor, the walls of a previous building came to light (the outer walls were no wider than the tower).
The specialty of the cemetery at the Jakobskirche von Schirmitz is that the grave crosses are made exclusively of wood. The cemetery cross at the cemetery should also be mentioned; It is a cast iron crucifix with a supplementary figure, which stands on a stepped granite base and was erected around 1900. In 1934 a morgue was built and the cemetery was expanded several times. In 1994 urn graves were also erected at the morgue.
Interior
The church has three altars with rococo shell work . The baroque main altar shows St. James the Elder , raising his hands over the village of Schirmitz. The apostle figures Peter and Paul are next to the picture. The left altar is dedicated to the Queen of Mary, and the damned souls in purgatory are depicted under the image of Mary . The right side altar depicts the stoning of St. Stephen , he is represented by figures of St. Leonhard and St. Sebastian accompanies. Under the pulpit one's baptismal font installed.
Bells
A bell from 1766 was made by Johann Silvius Kleeblatt in Amberg. Around 1800 the bishop of Regensburg was asked for permission to consecrate the old cracked bell , which was cast in Amberg , by the prelate of Ensdorf monastery , which was also approved. In 1860 there is talk of three bells. In 1942, three bells were removed during the Second World War and taken away for war purposes, a smaller bell remained in place. On November 26, 1949, the church received four new bronze bells from the Johann Hahn bell foundry , tuned to d, f, g, a. Two bells will be given to the newly built “Maria Königin” church, and the Jakobuskirche will receive a newly cast bell from the Georg Hofweber bell foundry .
organ
The old organ had a rococo case. Inside the organ is the inscription "In 1797 the organ was moved by the Bock von Trauschendorf".
In 1959 a new organ was planned and the organ building company Weise from Plattling was commissioned with the realization. In 1960 the new organ was installed (concert organ with three manuals and 30 sounding stops ).
literature
- Adolf Wolfgang Schuster : Home chronicle of the community of Schirmitz. Schirmitz municipality, Schirmitz 1998.
- Felix Mader (edit.): The Art Monuments of Bavaria , Book IX. The art monuments of Upper Palatinate & Regensburg, Volume IX, District Office Neustadt an der Waldnaab. 1907 (reprinted by R. Oldenbourg Verlag , Munich 1981).
Web links
- Umbrella seat on aerial photo Laumer , accessed on December 31, 2019.
- Parish of Schirmitz on the homepage of the parish of Schirmitz , accessed on January 13, 2020.
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 49 ° 38 ′ 57.8 " N , 12 ° 9 ′ 59.2" E