Heinrich Weyl

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Heinrich Weyl

Heinrich Weyl (born August 21, 1866 in Rogasen , Posen province ; died November 18, 1943 in Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp ) was an Orthodox rabbi and classical philologist .

Life

Youth and education

Heinrich Weyl's father, Meir Weyl, was a student of Rabbi Akiba Eger . His grandfather was a rabbi in Schwersenz and his brother, Adolf Weyl, was a teacher at the Israeli secondary school in Frankfurt and co-founder of Misrachi .

After graduating from high school in Altona in 1889, he studied at the University of Berlin. From 1892 to 1894 he was a student at the rabbinical seminary in Berlin and received his rabbi ordination in 1897. In 1900 he received his doctorate in Bern with the dissertation : The Jewish penal laws of Flavius ​​Josephus in their relationship to writing and halacha .

Professional activities

From 1901 to 1919 he was rabbi and head of the religious school in Czarnikau , Posen, near his birthplace. Under his leadership, local groups of the Aid Association of German Jews and the Alliance Israélite Universelle were formed , which campaigned for refugees from Poland and Russia after the First World War . He was chairman of the Association for Jewish History and Literature and, together with a Protestant pastor, founded a German language school in Czarnikau.

From 1920 to 1938 he was rabbi of the Israelite Religious Society in Düsseldorf. He was a member of the "Association for the Jewish Interests of the Rhineland" and the "Association of Orthodox Rabbis in Germany". In 1939 he emigrated to the Netherlands and settled in Amsterdam. There he worked as a lecturer in Jewish Studies at the university and teaches in the Jewish community. In 1943 he was deported to the Westerbork transit camp and from there to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp.

Weyl was known as a rabbinical authority and was in contact with rabbis in Eastern Europe, including Isaak Elchanan Spektor , but their correspondence was lost during the Nazi era .

Works

In his dissertation “ The Jewish penal laws in Flavius ​​Josephus in their relationship to Scripture and Halacha” , Weyl deals with the relationship between the writings of Josephus and Halacha , as well as Philo of Alexandria . He deals with the theories of Abraham Geiger and Zacharias Frankel about the origin of the Septuagint and the Mechilta . To this day it is a standard work on Josephus and rabbinical literature.

Fonts

  • The Jewish penal laws in Flavius ​​Josephus in their relationship to Scripture and Halacha. Berlin 1900. (digitized) ( digitized)
  • Stories about King David. (The manuscript disappeared during the November pogroms)
  • The Berlin rabbi reports (L. Baeck, J. Bergmann, L. Blumenthal, J. Galliner, J. Lewkowitz, M. Warschauer, M. Weyl, M. Wiener, S. Weisse, etc.) In: Jüdisch-Liberale Zeitung. Volume 9, No. 8, February 22, 1929.

literature

  • Weyl, Heinrich Chajim Jehuda. In: Michael Brocke, Julius Carlebach, Carsten Wilke , Katrin Nele Jansen: Biographisches Handbuch der Rabbis . Part 2: Rabbis in the German Empire, 1871–1945. . KG Saur, 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-44107-3 , p. 648 f .
  • Weyl, Heinrich , in: Joseph Walk (ed.): Short biographies on the history of the Jews 1918–1945 . Munich: Saur, 1988, ISBN 3-598-10477-4 , p. 386
  • Weyl, Heinrich , in: Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (eds.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933. Volume 1: Politics, economy, public life . Munich: Saur, 1980, p. 816

Web links

Wikisource: Heinrich Weyl  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Brocke, Julius Carlebach, Carsten Wilke, Katrin Nele Jansen: Biographisches Handbuch der Rabbis . Part 2: Rabbis in the German Empire, 1871–1945. . KG Saur, 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-44107-3 , p. 649 .
  2. ↑ Ernst G. Lowenthal: Probation in Downfall: A memorial book . Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1965, DNB  450437841 , p. 178 .
  3. ↑ Esriel Hildesheimer, Chana C. Schütz, Hermann Simon, Jana Caroline Reimer: The Berlin Rabbinical Seminar 1873-1938: its founding history - its students . Hentrich & Hentrich, 2008, ISBN 978-3-938485-46-0 , pp. 264 .
  4. ↑ Steve Mason, Louis H. Feldman, Christopher Begg, John MG Barclay: Flavius ​​Josephus, translation and commentary . Brill, 2000, ISBN 90-04-10679-0 .
personal data
SURNAME Weyl, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Orthodox rabbi and classical philologist
DATE OF BIRTH August 21, 1866
PLACE OF BIRTH Rogasen , Poznan
DATE OF DEATH November 18, 1943
Place of death Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp