Heinrich Wienhaus

Heinrich Wienhaus (born October 26, 1882 in Kierspe ; † September 5, 1959 in Tharandt ) was a German plant chemist and university professor.

Life

After graduation in 1901 at the secondary school in Hagen in Westphalia, he took a degree in natural sciences at the University of Bonn on, among others, Richard Anschütz . After the chemical association examination, he continued his studies at the University of Munich with Richard Willstätter in 1903 . In 1904 he moved to the University of Göttingen , where in 1905 he began work on his dissertation “On the knowledge of fenchon and camphor” under the supervision of Otto Wallach . On May 15, 1907, he was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD. On October 1, 1909, he became a private assistant at Otto Wallach. On July 25, 1914, the habilitation took place with the thesis "Decision of constitutional questions and representation of new compounds with the help of palladium hydrogenation". After a trial lecture on "The Chemistry of Explosives", he received the license to teach at the Göttingen Faculty of Philosophy.

After receiving military training in a field artillery regiment of the Bavarian Army in Munich and Landsberg am Lech at the beginning of the century , he served as an officer in the 2nd Infantry Division during the First World War from 1914 to 1918 . From 1918 he resumed his teaching and research activities at the University of Göttingen, initially under Otto Wallach and later under Adolf Windaus , where he was appointed associate professor on January 25, 1925 . He then went to Miltitz near Leipzig as head of the scientific laboratory at Schimmel & Co. On March 28, 1928 he was appointed unscheduled and on October 1, 1930 as scheduled associate professor for organic chemistry and head of the organic department at the University of Leipzig .

In November 1933 he signed the German professors' confession of Adolf Hitler . On April 1, 1935, he was appointed full professor and director of the Institute for Plant Chemistry and Wood Research at the TH Dresden in Tharandt . As early as May 13, 1945 - shortly after the end of the war - he negotiated with the occupying power and managed to secure the existence of the Faculty of Forestry in Tharandt. In 1954 he retired and held lectures until 1956 despite his deteriorating health. His successor was Professor R. Mayer.

Heinrich Wienhaus is the father of the forest engineer and chemist Otto Wienhaus , who was also a university professor in Tharandt.

Services

Laboratory building for wood chemistry, condition approx. 2004

Basic work in the field of herbal fragrances, essential oils, the isolation and structure elucidation of natural substances ; Technical application work in the fields of paper sizes (reinforcement of resin sizes through reaction of rosin with maleic acid), wood protection and the chemistry of lignin and montan wax. In the field of terpene chemistry, the work on the catalytic hydrogenation of monoterpenes - z. B. Santonins - with palladium catalysts and the esterification of tertiary alcohols with chromic acid should be emphasized.

In university teaching, he held lectures and exercises in natural product chemistry for chemists, in basic and special chemistry for medicine and forest students. In addition to his achievements at the Universities of Göttingen and Leipzig, his commitment to maintaining and expanding the Faculty of Forestry at the TH Dresden after the Second World War should be emphasized.

Works (selection)

• To the knowledge of fenchon and camphor . A. Lax, Hildesheim 1907, Dissertation Uni Göttingen July 1, 1907 OCLC 246746473

Book contributions

• Handwortbuch der Naturwissenschaften, G. Fischer Verlag Jena 1912, Chapter: "Quinones" Volume 2, pp. 614–630, "Cyan compounds" Volume 2, pp. 798–819, "Nitroso compounds" Volume 7, pp. 168– 179, “Nitroverbindungen”, 7th volume, pp. 179–193, as well as 2nd edition 1932 with the same chapters.
• Neudammer forest textbook, publisher: J. Neumann –Neudamm, Radebeul, 1942, 10th edition, 1st volume, chapter: "Holzschutz", pp. 768–772, "Holzvergütung", pp. 773–775, "Holzzerfaserung", Pp. 776–778, “Wood digestion and cellulose use”, pp. 778–789, “Holzverzuckerung”, pp. 789–791, “Holzdestillation”, pp. 791–796, “Holzvergasung”, pp. 796–798, and 11th edition 1955 with the same chapters.
• Reports from Schimmel & Co in Miltitz / Leipzig on essential oils and fragrances etc., anniversary edition 1929: Article: “Review of the scientifically important results from the chemical laboratories of Schimmel & Co” (pp. 35–120), together with H. Leonhardi: “Presentation and properties of some new furan compounds”, (pp. 223–232); together with H. Nahme: “About the components of mountain pine oil”, (p. 233–265); together with H. Scholz: “New crystallized compounds from essential oils” (pp. 267–282); together with K. Todenhöfer: “Studies on Umbellulon and Umbellularia Oil”, (pp. 283–295).

Magazine articles

• “Ester of Chromic Acid I”, Ber. d. Deutsche Chem. Ges. 47, (1914), 2, 322-331; together with W. Treibs: “Ester of Chromic Acid II”, Ber. d. Deutsche Chem. Ges. 56, (1923), 7, 1648-1653.
• "Volatile substances from coniferous wood", wood as raw and material 2, (1939), 12, pp. –420.
• Together with W. Sandermann: “On the chemistry of resins, Part II: Attachment ability of pine resin acids” Ber. d. Deutsche Chem. Ges. 69, (1936), 9, 2202-2206.
• Together with H.-G. Däßler "About Menthofuran and its autoxidation", Chem. Ber. 91, (1958), 2, 260-266.

literature

• W. Sandermann: Heinrich Wienhaus, died September 5, 1959. In: Holzforschung. Volume 14, 1960, pp. 1, 32.
• TU Dresden, Chem. Ges. D. GDR: Festive Colloquium on the occasion of Heinrich Wienhaus' 100th birthday. Dresden 1982
• H. Hegewald: Plant Chemistry, Wood Chemistry, Agricultural Chemistry - The Tharandt Chemical Institute. TU Dresden, University Archives, 2009, ISBN 978-3-86780-145-4 .
• K. Bournot: Prof. Dr. Heinrich Wienhaus died at the age of 76 in Tharandt near Dresden. In: Miltitzer reports on essential oils and fragrances. 1959 edition, Miltitz / Leipzig, special supplement.

Web link

• Literature by and about Heinrich Wienhaus in the catalog of the German National Library