Henri Namphy

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Henri Namphy (born November 2, 1932 in Grand Rivere du Nord ( Cap-Haïtien ), † June 26, 2018 in the Dominican Republic ) was a Haitian lieutenant general , politician and President of Haiti .

Life

Namphy and his four siblings were raised by his mother, who ran a general store and had the children educated in Roman Catholic primary and secondary schools in Port-au-Prince . He later joined the Forces Armées d'Haïti , in which he rose after attending the military academy in 1954 during the reign of François Duvalier and was regarded as a serious and honorable officer. When he prevented the overthrow of dictator Jean-Claude Duvalier by a group of exiled Haitians in 1982 , he was promoted to brigadier general and appointed chief of the general staff of the 7,000-strong army.

Fall of Duvalier and first presidency from 1986 to 1988

After Duvalier's fall and flight to France , he was succeeded by the rank of lieutenant general on February 7, 1986, as Chairman of the National Council of Government and was thus President of Haiti . The government council, which initially consisted of four military men (Namphy, Colonel William Regala , Colonel Max Valles , Colonel Prosper Avril ) and two civilians ( Gérard Gourgue and Alix Cinéas ), promised to hold elections and democratic reforms.

Just six weeks after Duvalier's escape, the wave of euphoria turned into unrest over Namphy's personnel policy. The government of Namphy was referred to as "Duvalierism without Duvalier" because of its close ties to the previous dictator. On March 21, Gourgue, who was also the popular Minister of Justice, resigned after street protests, riots and looting. At the same time, Namphy forced the members Valles, Avril and Cinéas, who had very close ties to Duvalier, to resign from the government council. In addition to Namphy and Regala, only civilian Jacques François was a member of the government council. This government council also faced continuous strikes and demonstrations. An estimated 1,500 people disappeared during his reign.

The elections to a constituent assembly called by the government council in October 1986 showed a lack of public interest in the country's political future. The second attempt to elect a parliament also ended in November 1987 after the murder of more than 35 voters.

Second presidency June to September 1988

After Leslie Manigat's victory in the January 1988 presidential election, largely viewed as fraudulent, Namphy turned the presidency over to Manigat on January 7th. Namphy himself remained, however, in the post of commander-in-chief of the armed forces. However, when Manigat deposed him as commander in chief, he again overthrew Manigat on June 20, 1988 and took over the office of President of Haiti for the second time.

However, on September 17, 1988, he was himself deposed in a coup led by Brigadier General Prosper Avril .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article213897519.html
  2. ↑ Joseph B. Treaster: Man In The News: Henri Namphy; Bestower Of Silence And Despair . In: New York Times , June 21, 1988
  3. ^ The Namphy Cabinet ( Memento of November 2, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ Jean-Philippe Belleau: Massacres Perpetrated In The 20th Century In Haiti . April 2008
  5. ^ Jean-Pierre Cloutier: The Making Of A Coup .
  6. ↑ Jill Smolowe: Haiti Going From A Sham To A farce . In: TIME-Magazine , July 4, 1988
  7. ↑ Jill Smolowe: Haiti A New General Takes Control . In: TIME Magazine , September 26, 1988
predecessor Office successor
Jean-Claude Duvalier President of Haiti
February 7, 1986–7. February 1988 		Leslie Manigat
Leslie Manigat President of Haiti
June 20, 1988–17. September 1988 		Prosper Avril
personal data
SURNAME Namphy, Henri
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Haitian politician, President of Haiti
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1932
PLACE OF BIRTH Grand Rivere du Nord ( Cap-Haïtien )
DATE OF DEATH June 26, 2018
Place of death Dominican Republic