Hermann Sprengel
Hermann Johann Philipp Sprengel (born August 29, 1834 in Schillerslage near Hanover , † January 14, 1906 in London ) was a German chemist and physicist.
Life
He worked in Robert Wilhelm Bunsen's laboratory . In 1859 he went to England, where he began his chemical research; first in Oxford and later in various laboratories in London.
In 1865 he invented an efficient high vacuum pump , the Sprengel pump , a further development of the Geissler pump . Mercury was pumped into the recipient and ran drop by drop into a vertical capillary , the drops compressing the air bubbles trapped between them and transporting them into the outside air. It was used in the manufacture of light bulbs.
In 1871 he had the Sprengel explosives patented (mixtures in which the components are stored separately until they are used).
In 1873 he developed a pycnometer . He developed the U-tube for gravity measurements and for measuring the expansion of liquids.
In 1878 he was elected a member ( Fellow ) of the Royal Society .
Publications
- On a New Class of Explosives, which are non-Explosive during their Manufacture, Storage, and Transport ; In: Journal of the Chemical Society ; August 1873
- The Hellgate Explosion and Rackarock ; Nature No. 32, October 1885, p. 625
literature
- Kahlbaum, Georg WA: Self-acting, continuously operating mercury air pump according to the Sprengel system ; in Annals of Physics, 1894, vol. 289, Issue 9, pp.199-208, bibcode : 1894AnP ... 289..199K
- Müller, Egon: A New Sprengel Mercury Air Pump ; in Annals of Physics, 1898, vol. 301, Issue 6, pp.476-478, bibcode : 1898AnP ... 301..476M
- Buchanan: Gunpowder, explosives and the state ; P. 373
- Sprengel's mercury air pump, in: Air pump . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 12, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1908, pp. 812–816 .
Web links
- Obituary in Journal of the Chemical Society , 1907, 91, 660 - 665, doi : 10.1039 / CT9079100660
- his pycnometer
- Entry for Sprengel, Hermann Johann Philipp (1834-1906) in the archive of the Royal Society , London
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Sprengel, Hermann |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sprengel, Hermann Johann Philipp (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German chemist and physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 29, 1834 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Schillerslage |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 14, 1906 |
| Place of death | London |