Duchy of Kuyavia
The Duchy of Kujawia (Polish Księstwo Kujawskie ) was established in the course of the 13th century in the area of today's Kujawia after the division of the Kingdom of Poland in 1138 into partial duchies by the will of Duke Bolesław III. Crooked mouth .
Located between the regions of Greater Poland and Mazovia , it was the tribal area of the Goplanen (Latin Glopeani, which roughly means "residents of the Goplosees ") with the political center in Kruszwica . It was connected with Greater Poland from the 10th century, and with the Duchy of Mazovia from 1138 . In 1233, under Duke Casimir I , it developed into an independent duchy, which, due to further divisions of the estate (1267 and 1314), split into the partial duchies of Brest , Inowrocław and Gniewkowo . After the unification of part of the Polish duchies to form the Kingdom of Poland under King Władysław I. Ellenlang , it lost its independence after 1306 and became its vassal . In the war against Poland in 1332 , the Teutonic Order conquered the territory of the duchy. He gave it back to the Polish king in the Peace of Kalisch in 1343.
The duchy was withdrawn as a settled fiefdom by the Polish crown towards the end of the 14th century , and in the course of the 15th century it became part of the kingdom in the form of two voivodships (with headquarters in Brześć Kujawski and Inowrocław with a joint state parliament ( Sejmik ) in Radziejów ) incorporated. The area belonged to Poland until the partitions (1772, 1793, 1795).
In the following centuries the memory of the duchy was only preserved in the name of the voivodships and in the titles of the Polish rulers. In his title , King Władysław II Jagiełło claimed the following areas:
Wladislaus dei gracia Rex Polonie, nec non terrarum Cracovie, Sandomirie, Siradie, Lancicie, Cuyauie , Lituanie princeps supremus, Pomeranie, Russieque dominus et heres, etc.
Important rulers of the Duchy of Kuyavia
- Casimir I of Kujawy (approx. 1211–1267), Duke of Kujawy, Sieradz and Łęczyca;
- Siemomysław of Kujawien (approx. 1246–1287), Duke of Kujawien in Inowrocław;
- Władysław I. Ellenlang (approx. 1260–1333), Duke of Kujawia in Brest, from 1320 King of Poland;
- Casimir III of Kujawien (approx. 1280–1347), Duke of Kujawien in Gniewkowo;
- Władysław von Kujawien (approx. 1327-1388), Duke of Kujawien in Gniewkowo;
- Władysław of Opole (approx. 1326–1401), Duke of Kujawy and Opole;
Remarks
- ↑ Kujawien and Dobrin were occupied by the Teutonic Order at that time and only finally fell to Poland with the Peace of Kalisch in 1343.