Hieronymus Höltzel

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Hieronymus Höltzel (* before 1499 in Traunstein ; † after 1527 ) was a Nuremberg printer and publisher during the Reformation .

Hieronymus Hölzl book printer

Live and act

Höltzel was a trained bookbinder and worked as a printer in Nuremberg from late autumn 1499. In October 1500 he was granted and certified Nuremberg citizenship. As a printer he was listed in the city's office book until 1528. Before 1503 he married Ursula Schmid; the couple had verifiably two daughters. Ten dated prints by him are known as early as 1500. From 1496 to 1525, numerous prints of magnificent choir books were made in his workshop. In these first years he also printed textbooks, grammars and texts, sometimes in several editions, for the Latin schools in Nuremberg. In addition to the council letters and other official prints, he produced Albrecht Dürer's first woodcuts , some humanist prints and later numerous Reformation prints , including writings by Hans Sachs . He worked for publishers Johann Haselberg , Lukas Alantsee (1400–1523) (Vienna), Johann Schönsperger (Augsburg), Johann Rynmann (Augsburg) and Kaspar Rosenthaler in contract printing.

But he also maintained relationships with Czech printers, such as Mikuláš Bakalář from Pilsen . So some Czech works were created with the help of and for the Czech proofreader, doctor and pharmacist Mikuláš Klaudián . A first map of Bohemia for the pharmacist Mikuláš Klaudyán (Nikolaus Klaudian or Claudianus) was also published by Höltzel in Nuremberg in 1518. These Czech orders, however, brought him into conflict with the Nuremberg Council.

The 95 theses by Martin Luther from Wittenberg also appeared in a single-sheet print, folio sheet in two columns, the Latin text in 1517 by Hieronymus Höltzel in Nuremberg.

In 1524 he also turned to the Reformation writings. In this way, anonymous writings by Andreas Bodenstein , called Karlstadt, were created, since he was soon identified as a printer and he was also accused of being a printer of Thomas Müntzer's “Hochverurschte Schutzrede” (1524). In 1525 he was arrested and interrogated. But in March 1525 he was allowed to print again.

In May 1525 he and his son-in-law Hans Aichenauer were again in distress because of the printing of the anonymous pamphlet To the Common Peasantry Assembly . Höltzel's workshop and house were searched and he was subsequently expelled from the city. At the end of 1526 he asked the authorities to be allowed to return, which he was granted, so that he printed again in the city from 1527 to 1528.

Ultimately, various debts should have led him to leave the city again. But also liabilities from the sale of his printing works to the city of Budweis were posthumously asserted for in by his second son-in-law, the armorer Fritz Endres on January 27, 1532.

literature

  • Marion Janzin, Joachim Güntner: The book of the book: 5000 years of book history. Schlütersche, Hannover 2007, ISBN 3-899-9-3805-4 , p. 183

Web links

  • Printed product from the workshop of Hieronymus Höltzel, [2]
  • Michaela Scheibe: 95 or 87? Martin Luther's disputation theses to clarify the power of indulgences. Berlin State Library - Prussian Cultural Heritage, October 31, 2016 [3]

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ German biography, Höl (t) zel, Hieronymus, printers, † after NDB 1532. 9 (1972), Josef Benzing [1]
  2. ↑ Manfred H. Grieb: Nürnberger Künstlerlexikon: Visual artists, artisans, scholars, collectors, cultural workers and patrons from the 12th to the middle of the 20th century. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 3-1109-1296-1 , p. 675
  3. ↑ Helga Schnabel-Schüle : Reformation. Historical and cultural studies manual. Metzler, Heidelberg 2017, ISBN 978-3-476-02593-7 , p. 103.
  4. ↑ Michael Baldzuhn, Christine Putzo: Multilingualism in the Middle Ages: cultural, literary, linguistic and didactic constellations from a European perspective; with case studies on the "Disticha Catonis". Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2011, ISBN 3-110-25480-8 , p. 383
  5. ↑ Andrew Pettegree : The Luther brand. How an unknown monk made a small German town the center of the printing industry and himself the most famous man in Europe - and kicked off the Protestant Reformation. Insel, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-458-17691-6 , p. 90
  6. ↑ Manfred H. Grieb: Nürnberger Künstlerlexikon: Visual artists, artisans, scholars, collectors, cultural workers and patrons from the 12th to the middle of the 20th century. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 3-1109-1296-1 , p. 675
personal data
SURNAME Höltzel, Hieronymus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hölzel, Hieronymus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German printer of the Reformation period
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Traunstein
DATE OF DEATH 16th Century