Hildebrandt Frankolin

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Hildebrandt Frankolin
Hildebrandt Frankolin

Hildebrandt Frankolin

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Chicken birds (Galliformes)
Family : Pheasants (Phasianidae)
Genre : Pternistis
Type : Hildebrandt Frankolin
Scientific name
Pternistis hildebrandti
( Cabanis , 1878)

The Hildebrandtfrankolin ( Pternistis hildebrandti , syn .: Francolinus hildebrandt ) is a 35 centimeter large chicken .

Appearance

The males have a white plumage, which is provided with many small graduated V-shaped, black feathers in several rows along the chest, the belly, the neck. The legs and beak are red. The top of the wings and the tail are brown. The female has rust-brown plumage with small white spots.

distribution and habitat

This species is found only very scattered in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo , Kenya and Tanzania . The Hildebrandtfrankolin inhabits the wooded hilly landscapes and mountain slopes, which are overgrown with dense bushes and tall grass, mostly near bodies of water.

Way of life

They live together in smaller groups of 6-12 animals and roam the landscape in search of food. The Hildebrandtfrankolin feeds on seeds, berries and plant shoots, and it also picks up insects and their larvae and smaller invertebrates. At dusk they retreat to tall trees to spend the night there. The maximum age is around 4 years.

Reproduction

In the breeding season the animals live together monogamous. The rooster scream can be heard from afar. This is how the animals separate their breeding area from one another. The nest, a shallow hollow, is created by the hen in the tall grass. The female lays 4-8 cream-colored eggs. The breeding season is about 25 days. Meanwhile, the male keeps watch nearby and warns the female of possible dangers with his harsh calls. After hatching, the young immediately search for food independently. At night, the female warms the young on the ground under her wings. When the young are a little older, they spend the night together in trees like adult birds.

Danger

Because of its wide distribution and because no endangerments are known for this species, the IUCN classifies this species as Least Concern .

Subspecies

There are two known subspecies:

Francolinus altumi Fischer & Reichenow , 1884, Francolinus fischeri Reichenow , 1887 and Francolinus hildebrandti helleri Mearns . 1915 are now seen as synonyms for the nominate form , Francolinus grotei Reichenow , 1917 as a synonym for P. h. johnstoni .

Etymology and history of research

The Hildebrandtfrankolin was first described in 1878 by Jean Louis Cabanis under the scientific name Francolinus (Scoeroptera) Hildebrandti . The type specimen was collected by Johann Maria Hildebrandt (1847–1881) in Ndi in the Taita district . Already in 1832 Johann Georg Wagler introduced the genus Pternistis, which was new to science . This name is derived from "pternistēs, pternē πτερνιστης, πτερνη " for "walking on the heels, heel". The species name "hildebrandti" is dedicated to its collector. "Johnstoni" honors Harry Hamilton Johnston (1858-1927), "altumi"  Johann Bernard Theodor Altum (1824-1900), "fischeri"  Gustav Adolf Fischer (1848-1886), "helleri"  Edmund Heller (1875-1939) and " grotei «  Hermann Grote (1882-1951).

literature

  • Wildlife of Africa in color. Karl Müller Verlag, Erlangen 1989, p. 57, 59-60.
  • Jean Louis Cabanis: Mr. Cabanis gives a lecture about the collections of birds, which Mr. JM Hildebrandt and his temporary travel companion from Lakreuth in East Africa . In: Journal for Ornithology (=  4 ). tape 6 , no. 142 , 1878, pp. 204-206 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Jean Louis Cabanis: Overview of the birds of East Africa, which Messrs. JM Hildebrandt and v. Kalckreuth are collected . In: Journal for Ornithology (=  4 ). tape 6 , no. 143 , 1878, pp. 213-246 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • George Ernest Shelley: Second List of Birds collected by Mr. Alexander Whyte, FZS, un Nyasaland . In: The Ibis (=  6 ). tape 6 , 1894, pp. 1-28 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Johann Georg Wagler: New clans and genera of the mammals and birds . In: Isis von Oken . tape 25 , no. 11 , 1832, p. 1218-1235 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Gustav Adolf Fischer, Anton Reichenow: New species of birds from the Maasailand (Inner East Africa) . In: Journal for Ornithology (=  4 ). tape 12 , no. 165 , 1884, pp. 178-182 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Anton Reichenow: Dr. Fischer's ornithological collections during the last trip to Victoria Njansa . In: Journal for Ornithology (=  4 ). tape 15 , no. 177 , 1887, pp. 38-78 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Anton Reichenow: Mr. Reichenow also describes the following new species . In: Journal of Ornithology . tape 637 , no. 177 , 1919, pp. 334-335 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Edgar Alexander Mearns: Descriptions of new African birds of the Genera Francolinus, Chalopelia, Cinnyris, Chalcomitra, Anthreptes, Estrilda, Halcyon, Melittophagus, and Colius . In: Proceedings of the United States National Museum . tape 48 , no. 1274 , 1915, pp. 381-394 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Hildebrandtfrankolin ( Pternistis hildebrandti )  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers
  2. ↑ a b c Jean Louis Cabanis, p. 206, p. 243, plate 4, figure 2.
  3. ↑ a b George Ernest Shelley, pp. 24-25.
  4. ↑ a b Gustav Adolf Fischer u. a., p. 179.
  5. ↑ a b Anton Reichenow (1887), pp. 51–52.
  6. ^ A b Edgar Alexander Mearns, p. 381.
  7. ↑ a b Anton Reichenow (1919), p. 334.
  8. ^ Johann Georg Wagler (1832), p. 1229.
  9. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 322.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Wagler named the genus barnacles. He ordered the genus Cape Spurfowl ( Pternistis capensis ( Gmelin, JF , 1789)), the red-necked spurfowl subtype ( Pternistis afer cranchii ( Leach , 1818)) and the Yellow-throated francolin ( Pternistis leucoscepus Gray, GR , 1867 (syn. Francolinus rubricollis Rüppel )) to.