Hildegard Böhme (teacher)

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Hildegard Zerline Böhme (born November 6, 1884 in Berlin ; † May 1943 in Auschwitz concentration camp ) was a German teacher and provincial welfare officer.

Life

Stumbling stone in front of the house, Pariser Strasse 18, in Berlin-Wilmersdorf

Hildegard Böhme grew up in a Jewish family. She was the daughter of Moritz Böhme, owner of a dressing material factory, and Klara Böhme, née Worms. She completed the secondary school for girls and then a teacher training seminar. From the Royal examination commission she received the qualification for the granting of teaching in the English and French . She then took part in a day care center instructor course and from 1908 to 1909 attended the senior course at the Social Women's School in Schöneberg , which was founded and directed by Alice Salomon in 1908. After her training, Böhme worked as a consultant for youth welfare at the German Center for Youth Welfare and as a volunteer in the career advice center of the Central Office for Private Welfare and in various day care centers .

Böhme received his doctorate in Hamburg in 1923 . The topic of her dissertation was: The development of the commercial apprenticeship system in Prussia during and after the war . Immediately afterwards, Böhme got a job as a welfare officer at the German Red Cross , for whose magazines News of the German Red Cross and papers of the German Red Cross she was responsible as editor and wrote her own articles. In addition, she taught at several schools, including in the Pestalozzi-Froebel-Haus , the subjects economics , economics and civics and in the Werner-school by the German Red Cross , the subjects welfare and social security .

After the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists in 1933, Böhme had to give up all of her professional activities. She then got involved in Jewish organizations and was a member of the federal executive committee of the Jewish Women's Association . From 1934 she worked as a provincial welfare officer in the Reich Representation of German Jews and from 1939 headed the Brandenburg-Schneidemühl district office of the Brandenburg-Pomerania Reich Association:

As head of the district office, Hildegard Böhme looked after all Jewish women in the area. She was responsible for collecting membership fees and for distributing winter aid as well as for advice in general .

On May 17, 1943, she was deported to Auschwitz on the 38th Osttransport, where she was murdered. Her exact date of death is unknown.

On May 14, 2013 , a stumbling block was laid in front of her former place of residence, Berlin-Wilmersdorf , Pariser Straße 18 .

Works

  • The youth welfare associations in the German Reich , Berlin 1918
  • The development of the commercial apprenticeship system in Prussia during and after the war , Berlin 1923
  • The organizational foundations of the Red Cross , Berlin, 1925
  • Current issues in community nursing , Berlin 1930
  • We want to help! , Berlin 1931

literature

  • Tanja Bayer: Forgotten women of Jewish self-help in Nazi Germany - Cora Berliner , Hildegard Böhme, Paula Fürst , Hannah Karminski and Käte Rosenheim for example , Munich 2004 (unpublished diploma thesis)
  • EG Lowenthal (Hrsg.): Probation in the downfall. Ein Gedenkbuch , Stuttgart 1965, pp. 28–29.
  • Gudrun Maierhof: Assertiveness in chaos. Women in Jewish Self-Help 1933-1943 , Frankfurt / New York 2002, pp. 200–203.

Web links

Commons : Hildegard Böhme  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Maierhof 2002, p. 201 f
personal data
SURNAME Boehme, Hildegard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Böhme, Hildegard Zerline (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher and provincial welfare officer
DATE OF BIRTH November 6, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH May 1943
Place of death Auschwitz concentration camp