Hildegard Löwy

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Hildegard Löwy also Loewy (born on August 4, 1922 in Berlin ; died on March 4, 1943 in Plötzensee prison , Berlin) was a resistance fighter against National Socialism and a victim of the Nazi judiciary.

Life and activity

Löwy grew up in Berlin. As a child, she lost an arm in a tram accident, so that from then on she had to wear a prosthesis. She received her education at various Jewish schools in the Reich capital, most recently - her former school was closed after the pogrom of November 1938 - the school on Wilsnacker Strasse in Berlin-Moabit. When she graduated from high school here in 1940 - as the only girl in a class of eleven students - this institution was the last Jewish school that remained in Berlin. She then began training at the Jewish Community's school for commercial graphics, which was closed in 1941. Instead, she worked as an office worker.

Due to her interest in the ideas of Zionism , she belonged to the Hashomer Hatzair group until 1938 . Around 1939 Löwy joined the communist-oriented - but not directly connected to the underground organization of the illegal KPD - group around the electrician Herbert Baum . This circle of friends, later known as the Herbert Baum group , had been actively working against the Nazi regime since the outbreak of the Second World War . Up until 1942, the group mainly distributed self-made leaflets and pasted posters in public places that opposed the Nazi regime and the war.

Löwy was arrested by the Gestapo on April 15, 1942 . When the rest of the Baum group were broken up in the following months in the wake of their arson attack on the anti-Soviet propaganda exhibition " The Soviet Paradise " and the group's resistance activities were reconstructed by the Gestapo, the whole scope of Löwy's involvement gradually became known into the activity of the group. Subsequently, in December 1942, she and eleven other members of the group - Heinz Birnbaum , Hella Hirsch , Marianne Joachim , Hanni Meyer , Heinz Rotholz , Siegbert Rotholz , Lothar Salinger , Alice Hirsch, Lotte Rotholz and Edith Fraenkel - before the 2nd Senate of the People's Court indicted. In the judgment of December 10, 1942, the defendants were found guilty. Löwy was sentenced to death, as was Birnbaum, Hirsch, Joachim, Meyer, Neumann, Heinz and Siegbert Rotholz and Lothar Salinger. The other three received prison sentences. The execution was carried out on March 4, 1943 in the Berlin-Plötzensee prison using the guillotine.

execution

“The conviction and execution of these young people, they were between 20 and 23 years old, were communicated to the population on a bright red poster. Their names were provided with the legally required additional first names Sara and Israel. "

" Notice

sentenced to death by the People's Court on December 10, 1942 for preparation for high treason and treasonous favoring the enemy

Heinz Israel Rotholz , 21 years old,
Heinz Israel Birnbaum , 22 years old,
Lothar Israel Salinger , 23 years old,
Helmuth Israel Neumann , 21 years old,
Siegbert Israel Rotholz , 23 years old,
Hella Sara Hirsch , 21 years old,
Hanni Sara Mayer , 23 years old,
Marianna Sara Joachim , 21 years old and
Hildegard Sara Loewy, 20 years old,

all from Berlin were executed today.

Berlin, March 4, 1943

The senior Reich attorney at the People's Court "

with the subtext

"Announcement of the execution of the death sentences on Heinz Rotholz and his companions"

Memorial stones

Today, two memorial stones in Berlin dedicated to the Baum group also remember Hildegard Löwy by name.

  1. Memorial plaque in Berlin at the Weissensee Jewish Cemetery (entrance: Markus-Reich-Platz)
  2. This memorial stone, designed by the sculptor Jürgen Raue, was erected in 1981 on behalf of the magistrate of East Berlin without any further information about the resistance action in the Lustgarten

literature

  • Eric Brothers: Berlin Ghetto. Herbert Baum and the Anti-Fascist Resistance. 2012.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Page 144 at Margot Pikarski: Youth in Berlin's resistance. Herbert Baum and comrade in arms. Military Publishing House of the German Democratic Republic, Berlin 1978,
  2. ↑ They were young, Jewish and left TAZ March 3, 2010
  3. ^ Siegbert and Lotte Rotholz - members of the resistance group Baum Bildungsserver Berlin Brandenburg
  4. ↑ The Berlin group Baum and the Jewish Resistance ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Page 9  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gdw-berlin.de
  5. ↑ Photo at Margot Pikarski: Youth in Berlin's resistance. Herbert Baum and comrade in arms. Military Publishing House of the German Democratic Republic, Berlin 1978,
  6. ^ Resistance group around Herbert Baum, "Memorial plaque in Berlin at the Jewish cemetery in Weißensee (entrance: Markus-Reich-Platz)"
  7. ^ Resistance group around Herbert Baum. "This memorial stone designed by the sculptor Jürgen Raue was erected in 1981 on behalf of the magistrate of Berlin (East) without any further information about the resistance action in the Lustgarten"
personal data
SURNAME Löwy, Hildegard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German office worker and resistance fighter against National Socialism
DATE OF BIRTH 4th August 1922
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH March 4, 1943
Place of death Berlin