Hollow foot tubular
| Hollow foot tubular | ||||||||||||
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Hollow foot bolete ( Suillus cavipes ) |
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| Suillus cavipes | ||||||||||||
| ( Opat. ) AH Sm. & Thiers |
The hollow foot bolete ( Suillus cavipes , Syn .: Boletinus cavipes ) is a fungus from the family of smeared boletus relatives . The earlier taxonomic assignment to the genus Schuppenröhrlinge ( Boletinus ) is considered obsolete.
features
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Macroscopic features
The centrally stalked hat initially has a flat convex shape, but soon flattens out. In old age it can be a little deepened and has a blunt hump. The hat reaches a size of 5 to 15 centimeters. The color ranges from dark yellow to orange to chestnut brown, but can also be lemon to golden yellow. It's only closed. The cap skin is not smeary and tears up into slightly protruding scales as it grows. The edge of the hat is often hung with remains of velum that covered the tubes of the young mushroom. The tubes are pale, sulfur to olive-yellow in color and significantly shorter than the thickness of the hat meat. They run down a bit and are not easy to remove. The pores are about the same color as the tubes and have an elongated shape in a radial arrangement. They can get very large (over 1 centimeter). The spore powder is olive brown. The stem has a cylindrical to somewhat clubbed shape and is hollow very early on. It has a fluffy, whitish ring zone. Above it, like the tubes, it is yellowish and underneath it is colored like the top of the hat and is somewhat flaky and felty. The mycelial strands at the base are whitish. The trama is pale yellow to almost white. In the base it can be a little brownish from the outside. With iron sulfate , the Trama turns gray-green. The meat tastes mild and is odorless.
Microscopic features
The basidia measure 20 to 35 by 7 to 12 micrometers. The bulbous, spindle-shaped or almost cylindrical cystidia are 40 to 80, a maximum of 100 by 5 to 10 micrometers in size. The elongated spindle-shaped spores are 7 to 11 micrometers long and 3 to 4 micrometers wide.
Species delimitation
The hollow foot tubular is well characterized by its quickly hollow stem, the remains of velum and the scaly, felty hat. Other ringed boletus among larches from the genus of the smeared boletus such as the rust-red larch bolete ( Suillus tridentinus ) or the gray larch bolete ( Suillus viscidus ) have a greasy cap skin and a full-fleshed stem.
ecology
The hollow-foot bolete can live in all types of forest, but it prefers older stands. It is much less common in young forests . The fungus can only be found under larches , with which it forms a mycorrhiza . It is indifferent to the pH of the soil; However, the fungus avoids heavily calcareous soils and tends to form acidic substrates. The form aereus can only be found there. The fruiting bodies appear in late August to October, rarely earlier or in November.
distribution
The hollow foot bolete is found in the Holarctic , where it occurs at submeridional temperatures . It can be found in North America, Europe, Siberia, Japan, China, and Korea. In Europe, except in the Mediterranean region, it is common and mostly common. Its distribution follows the occurrence of larch trees, although it is only common in natural forests; The fungus is much rarer in artificially planted stands. The fungus is relatively common locally, especially in low and high mountains, and is rare especially in lower regions. In many areas, the fungus was probably only introduced as a forest tree when larch trees were planted.
Danger
Since the hollow-foot tubular is bound to larches , its occurrence depends on the distribution of these trees. However, it is no longer of great importance for forestry. It is therefore to be expected that the stocks of the boletus will decline in the near future. To date, it is not necessary to be included in the Red List .
Systematics
Some authors differentiate between a few forms because the hollow foot tubular is very variable in its hat color. The aureus shape has a hat with a lemon, chrome or golden yellow color. In addition, it only occurs on acidic soils. Other forms like f. aurantiacus or f. ferrugineus are according to Krieglsteiner et al. unjustified.
swell
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
- Ewald Gerhardt: FSVO manual mushrooms . BLV Verlag, Munich. 2006. ISBN 3-835-40053-3 .
