Dutch windmill Straupitz
| Dutch windmill Straupitz
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 54 '57 " N , 14 ° 7' 37" E | |
| Location |
 Germany
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| Built | 1850 | |
| technology | ||
| use | museum | |
| Grinder | Windmill system | |
| Wing type | Venetian blinds | |
| Website | official homepage | |
The Dutch windmill Straupitz is a technical monument on the northern edge of the (Upper) Spreewald in Straupitz (Spreewald) . It was created in 1850 instead of a 1640 built windmill .
history
A windmill in the Dutch architectural style is created
From around 1640 a wooden post mill stood at this point . In 1850 it burned down and was replaced in the same year by a brick-built Dutch windmill : "The mill master Gottfried Nitschke zu Straupitz in the Lübben district is hereby granted permission from the state police to [...] build a Dutch windmill on the condition that the mill has a 5 foot high plank or thick lattice fence is surrounded. Frankfurt / Oder July 13, 1850, Royal Government Department of the Interior ”.
In 1885 an extension took place, so that the mill now also worked as a wind-powered sawmill , which was supported by a locomobile from 1904 and became independent of the wind. In 1910 a small oil mill was added. This triple combination with the fully preserved and re-producing original furnishings is probably unique in Europe today.
Modernizations and subsequent decay
Due to repeated fires, the Straupitz Dutch windmill was repeatedly modernized during the reconstruction. After the fire of 1912, the earlier boat canopy with stern and sail gate wings was replaced by an automatically rotating onion canopy (based on plans by the Wetzig company, Wittenberg) with a compass rose and louvre blades. After the fire in 1923 with the loss of the blades, the entire mill system was converted to an electric drive. In 1964 the rotten onion cap was removed and replaced with a flat roof. In the time of the GDR , the grinding and oil operations were gradually stopped from 1964, the mill fell into disrepair; the sawmill worked as VEB until the fall of the Berlin Wall . The value of the mill complex was (retrospectively) estimated at this time with a scrap value of 35,000 DM .
In 1988 the mill, which was more than 200 years old, was sold and became public property for a short time , but this only related to the land built with the mill, the old horse shed and the area of the former log storage area. The Mühlwiese remained in Nowak's property until 2002. Willy Nowak was the last miller in the family.
Recommissioning in 1990
As a result of the short VEB intermezzo with conversion into a GmbH (1990) and a legally ineffective purchase contract between this and the municipality of Straupitz, an unresolved question of ownership of the mill arose until 1998. However, this has now been clarified and the municipality of Straupitz is the registered owner. The mill is to the Mühlenverein Holländermühle e. V., Straupitz , who operates the facility year-round with several full-time employees and without public subsidies as a manufacturing technical monument.
In the period from 1994 to 1996, the first work to restore the mill was undertaken with the help of a job creation scheme under the direction of Klaus Rudolph (* 1943): both the oil mill (built in 1910) and the sawmill (built in 1885) were able to start up again become. For the commercial operation of the mill, Rudolph founded the Spreewald-Souvenir company in 1997 , and the non-profit mill association Holländermühle e. V., Straupitz and, as its subsidiaries, Windmühle Straupitz GmbH (founded in 2003) and HM Park GmbH (founded in 2009). From 1997 to 2010 Rudolph was managing director in these companies in personal union. On August 1st, 2010 (his 67th birthday) he officially retired, but is still chairman of the mill association and thus the operator consortium of the Straupitz windmill. The current managing director is Gerd Nowak (as of 2011).
The brick mill tower (grain mill) was severely damaged in its structure, so that from 1995 to 2002 it was "officially blocked from entering" due to the risk of collapse.
An extensive reconstruction and refurbishment of the mill took place between 2001 and 2003. 90 percent of the 1.2 million euros spent on this came from the European Union and the state of Brandenburg . The required ten percent share was raised by private sponsors ( German Foundation for Monument Protection ), the Ostdeutsche Sparkassenstiftung, the former Sparkasse Dahme-Spreewald (today part of the Mittelbrandenburgische Sparkasse Potsdam ) and the Straupitzer Mühlenverein. The onion cap, with new wings and compass rose, largely corresponding to the original in the 21st century, was built in 2002 by Vaags Molenwerke in Aalten / Netherlands. The comb wheel has a diameter of 3.20 meters; the tower hood weighs around 25 tons.
The operating mill and its show production can be visited all year round for an entrance fee. The sawmill, restored to its original state, uses the force of the wind to cut tree trunks up to a meter in diameter with a rare horizontal gate . A full creel for trunk diameters of up to 45 centimeters can also be seen in action. As the main product of the show business for the preservation and demonstration of extinct handicrafts, the “Spreewald Gold” linseed oil is pressed, which is only sold in the mill itself or “ex-farm” due to the low production volume. The grain mill and sawmill are only in operation for personal use and for occasional demonstration purposes due to inefficiency and the need for expensive repairs.
literature
- Klaus Rudolph and Edeltraut Wiegand (editors); Mühlenverein Holländermühle eV, Straupitz (ed.): Straupitzer Mühlenkaleidoskop. All kinds of delights about mills, millers, flour, linseed oil and bread baking. A technical monument shines in new splendor. Straupitz / Spreewald. Regia-Verlag, Cottbus 2003, ISBN 3-936092-82-6
- Flyer: European cultural heritage: Dutch windmill Straupitz in the Spreewald , no date
Web links
- Entry in the monument database of the State of Brandenburg
- Homepage of the Dutch windmill Straupitz / Spreewald
Individual evidence
- ^ Peter Becker: Klaus Rudolph, Straupitz. January 2009, also as: When Straupitz linseed oil was still sold as a varnish . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Lausitzer Rundschau . February 28, 2009
- ↑ Flyer Dutch windmill Straupitz & the only triple windmill in Europe . 2014
