HMS Holland 1
Holland at full speed over water
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Holland 1 (also HM submarine Torpedo Boat No. 1 , German " His / Her Majesty underwater - torpedo boat . No. 1") was in 1901 the first submarine of the Royal Navy , so the Navy of the United Kingdom . It is named after the Irish-American engineer John Philip Holland (1841–1914), who designed it.
With him began the history of the Royal Navy Submarine Service ( German "U-Boot- Flotte der Königlichen Marine " ), when the first six officers were assigned to the newly established service under the command of Reginald Bacon . Shortly thereafter, in 1902 and 1903, its sister submarines Holland 2 to Holland 5 followed .
history
After the keel was laid on February 4, 1901 and launched in the same year on October 2 - both in high secrecy - the first diving test in a basin took place on March 20, 1902. In the following month, April 1902, testing began at sea. A diving depth of 15 meters was reached.
Under the command of Captain Bacon, Holland 1 first docked at Portsmouth Naval Base in September 1902 . It was accompanied by a sister submarine of the Holland class , with which it formed the first British submarine flotilla , as well as its supply ship ( tender ), the Hazard .
On March 3, 1903, there was an explosion on board that left four people injured.
In 1913, even before the First World War , Holland 1 , like all Holland- class boats , was considered obsolete and was decommissioned. On November 5th of that year, during the towing for scrapping , the towline broke in heavy seas and the submarine sank about 2000 meters from the Eddystone lighthouse .
On April 14, 1981, the wreck was rediscovered at a depth of 63 meters and was lifted in September 1982. It has been restored and the Royal Navy Submarine Museum exhibited (photo left) .
literature
- Richard Compton-Hall: Submarine boats - The beginnings of underwater warfare. Conway Maritime Press, London 1983. ISBN 0-85177-288-9 .
- Spencer Dunmore: Lost Submarines - From the Hunley to the Kursk, the greatest submarines ever lost - and found. Madison press books, 2002, ISBN 1-903985-48-X .
Web links
- Technical data , accessed April 11, 2018.
- Submerged with photos of the wreck underwater, accessed April 10, 2018.
- MasterMariners (English) with longitudinal section drawing of the submarine, accessed April 10, 2018.
- MaritimeQuest , accessed April 10, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ^ Richard Compton-Hall: Submarine boats - The beginnings of underwater warfare. Conway Maritime Press, London 1983, p. 120. ISBN 0-85177-288-9 .
- ↑ Holland Class Submarines Class Overview , accessed April 11, 2018.
- ^ Richard Compton-Hall: Submarine boats - The beginnings of underwater warfare. Conway Maritime Press, London 1983, p. 120. ISBN 0-85177-288-9 .
- ^ Richard Compton-Hall: Submarine boats - The beginnings of underwater warfare. Conway Maritime Press, London 1983, p. 115. ISBN 0-85177-288-9 .
- ^ Richard Compton-Hall: Submarine boats - The beginnings of underwater warfare. Conway Maritime Press, London 1983, p. 140. ISBN 0-85177-288-9 .
- ^ Richard Compton-Hall: Submarine boats - The beginnings of underwater warfare. Conway Maritime Press, London 1983, p. 11. ISBN 0-85177-288-9 .
- ↑ Holland Class Submarines Class Overview , accessed April 11, 2018.
- ↑ HMS HOLLAND 1 at MasterMariners.org.au (English), accessed April 10, 2018.
- ↑ Holland Class Submarines Class Overview , accessed April 11, 2018.
- ^ Spencer Dunmore: Lost Submarines - From the Hunley to the Kursk, the greatest submarines ever lost - and found. Madison press books, 2002, p. 44. ISBN 1-903985-48-X .