Holtenau high bridges

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Coordinates: 54 ° 22 ′ 8 ″  N , 10 ° 7 ′ 19 ″  E

The two high bridges in Holtenau

The Holtenau high bridges are high bridges that lead over the Kiel Canal in Kiel and connect the two Kiel districts of Wik and Holtenau . The western bridge is called "Prinz-Heinrich-Brücke" (1911/1995) and is already the second with this name at this point. The eastern one is named "Olympiabrücke" (1972) because it was built as part of the expansion work for the 1972 Summer Olympics . Each of the bridges has a headroom of 42 meters, two lanes of one lane on federal highway 503 for cars and a sidewalk for pedestrians and cyclists. There is a parking lot for tourists, shipspotters and other visitors to the Kiel Canal on the eastern southern ramp of the road towards Holtenau .

history

The forerunner of the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal (today's name: Nord-Ostsee Canal ) was the Schleswig-Holstein Canal until 1890 . Between the then independent villages Holtenau and Wik, this canal had two locks, over which two bridges led. These locks were roughly at the point where a passenger ferry crosses the canal today (a little further west of the pier in Holtenau and almost exactly at the height of the pier in the Wik).

The Holtenau Eider Canal Lock was in operation there until 1825 , in the middle of which there was a wooden bascule bridge over which the canal could be crossed. Due to the dilapidation of this lock, the Friedrichschleuse was built between 1823 and 1825 north of the old Eider Canal lock . The lock was built parallel to the old Eider Canal lock, so that the course of the road also runs centrally over the Friedrichschleuse. A swing bridge with two wings was built here.

Swing bridge

During the ongoing construction work on the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, i.e. before it was officially opened in 1895, a crossing option between Holtenau and Wik had been available since 1894: a Prahmschwimmbrücke (also called a Prahmschwimmbrücke or pontoon bridge ). A swing bridge is a "floating road" that could be turned into the canal with the help of ropes if people or horse-drawn vehicles wanted to cross the canal, or it was turned out of the canal to allow ships to pass through the canal.

The initial plan to operate the connection with ferries has already been cleared up in advance. Even for this one ferry connection, three ferries alone would have had to be procured in order to provide the transport service that was already necessary at the time.

Between the opening of the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal in 1895 and its expansion around 1914, however, it turned out that due to the high volume of shipping traffic, the Prahm swing bridge had to be open most of the time, so that road traffic regularly jammed. Nevertheless, it was only taken out of service after the new Prinz Heinrich Bridge opened in 1912.

First Prince Heinrich Bridge

Construction of the old Prince Heinrich Bridge around 1911

In the course of the canal expansion between 1907 and 1914, a high bridge was planned. The decision for a high bridge was made due to the high volume of traffic between Wik and Holtenau. This high bridge was built 300 m west of the old Prahm swing bridge. Instead, a passenger ferry was installed near the old site of the Prahm swing bridge.

The bridge was built between 1909 and 1911 based on designs by Friedrich Voss . He had already made the plans for the Rendsburg high bridge and the Hochdonn high bridge . Just like this, the Prinz-Heinrich-Brücke is a steel truss bridge. Therefore, the similarity of the Prinz-Heinrich-Brücke with the other two by Friedrich Voss is much greater than with the nearest old Levensau high bridge . One of the reasons why the builder decided on a steel framework construction was the smaller attack surface that such a construction represents when bombarded by warships from the Kiel Fjord. An accident occurred during construction in which a Polish worker was killed.

The cost of building the bridge was 2.5 million Reichsmarks. The opening ceremony was on September 28, 1912. The bridge is named after Heinrich von Prussia . In addition to the lane for cars, tram tracks have also been built for the Kiel tram , but the tram could not use the bridge because the structure was too weak.

75 years after opening, clear signs of wear and tear and the dilapidation of the bridge were discovered. In addition, the motor ship Fort rammed the bridge on October 7, 1988 . Now the decision was made to demolish it, which then took place in 1992. An accident also occurred when the bridge was demolished, but it did not cause any personal injury. One of the cranes, which were supposed to slowly lower the middle section of the bridge, suddenly buckled and knocked over another crane. Later one of the two supporting pillars of the bridge collapsed, which also only caused damage to property.

Technical specifications
  • Construction: 1909–1911
  • Demolition: 1992
  • Construction: steel truss bridge
  • Weight: 3700 t
  • Lane width: 7 m

Olympic Bridge

Kiel was awarded the contract for the sailing competitions of the 1972 Summer Olympics . For this purpose, the Olympic Center Schilksee was built in Kiel's northernmost district, Kiel-Schilksee . It was to be expected that the volume of traffic over the Holtenau high bridge would increase considerably. To relieve the only bridge at that time, the First Prince Heinrich Bridge, a second bridge was built to the east of the old one between 1969 and 1972. The official release took place on July 11, 1972.

On the side of the Olympiabrücke (east) is the parking lot for tourists, shipspotters and other visitors to the Kiel Canal, who can get barrier-free from the parking lot to the footpath of the Olympiabrücke. The Olympiabrücke offers a good view of the north-eastern end of the canal and the Kiel locks.

The Schleswig-Holstein State Office for Road Construction and Transport is responsible for the bridge .

Technical specifications
  • Construction: 1969–1972
  • Construction: box girder bridge
  • Weight (steel): 3380 t
  • Width: 17.50 m
  • Total length: 518 m

Second Prince Heinrich Bridge

After the old Prinz-Heinrich-Brücke was demolished due to its dilapidation, a new bridge was built on the same spot from May 1992 to October 1996 for around 74 million DM . The construction was taken over from the Olympic Bridge immediately to the east, only mirrored and - depending on the source - wider by 50 cm. During the planning phase, an expert opinion was drawn up to clarify whether this additional bridge would result in increased noise pollution for citizens in the Holtenau district. According to the report, further noise pollution can only be avoided through structural noise protection measures on the bridge. Among other things, transparent plastic noise protection panels were installed on the bridge railings.

From April 2013, around 17 years after its completion, the Second Prince Heinrich Bridge had to be renovated. The Schleswig-Holstein State Office for Road Construction and Transport is responsible for this bridge , as well as for the Olympic Bridge .

Technical specifications
  • Construction: 1992–1996 or 1992–1995
  • Construction: box girder bridge
  • Weight (steel): 4010 t or 3650 t
  • Width: 18 m or 17.50 m
  • Total length: 518 m or 445 m
  • Span: 186 m

Web links

Commons : Hochbrücke Holtenau  - collection of images
Historical pictures

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bert Morio: The "Prahm swing bridge". History of Holtenau, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Lock exhibition in the Maritime Quarter in the Wik: Model of the locks in the Schleswig-Holstein Canal
  3. ↑ Lock exhibition in the Maritime Quarter in the Wik: Model of the Friedrichschleuse, with explanatory text
  4. ↑ a b Pram swing bridge. Kiel-Holtenau Waterways and Shipping Authority, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Bert Morio: Prince Heinrich Bridge. History of Holtenau, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Holtenauer Hochbrücke / Demolition - Accident 1992 on YouTube
  7. ↑ Prince Heinrich Bridge. kiel-wiki.de, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  8. ↑ a b Prince Heinrich Bridge (1912). structurae.de, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Bert Morio: The Olympic Bridge. History of Holtenau, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  10. ↑ Olympic Bridge. kiel-wiki.de, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  11. ↑ a b Our high bridges. Kiel-Holtenau Waterways and Shipping Authority, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  12. ↑ a b c d Olympic Bridge. structurae.de, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  13. ↑ a b c d e f bridges. Tourist consortium NOK, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  14. ↑ a b c d e f Table in the showcase of the Waterways and Shipping Office Kiel-Holtenau on the canal near Rendsburg, see photo
  15. ↑ a b c Bridges over the Kiel Canal. Karl Gotsch, accessed June 20, 2017 .
  16. ↑ a b c d e f g h Lock exhibition in the Maritime Quarter in the Wik: Poster for the “1. High road bridge Kiel-Holtenau "
  17. ^ Frank Behling: High bridge only free for cars. Kieler Nachrichten , December 23, 2013, accessed on July 31, 2017 .
  18. ^ Frank Behling: Bridges are becoming permanent construction sites. Kieler Nachrichten , November 4, 2014, accessed on July 31, 2017 : "The Prinz Heinrich Bridge has been under construction since April 2013"
  19. ↑ Frank Behling: The high bridge needs color. Kieler Nachrichten , May 15, 2015, accessed on July 31, 2017 (unfortunately incorrect names of the bridges were used here).
  20. ↑ a b c d Holtenau high bridge. structurae.de, accessed on June 20, 2017 .
  21. ↑ a b c The NOK route. EVENT HORIZON ENTERPRISES Ltd., accessed on June 20, 2017 (section "Bridges over the NOK").