Hymenophore

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The hymenophore is part of the fruiting body (in Agaricomycotina ) or the fruit bearing (in Ustilaginomycotina , Pucciniomycotina ) of the mushrooms (Basidiomycota). Sac fungi (Ascomycota) and belly mushrooms accordingly (Gasteromycetes) have no hymenophore. The hymenophore can for example be designed in the form of lamellae , tubes , pores , ridges or spines ; it is the bearer of the hymenium .

The hymenophore consists of a sham tissue ( plectenchyma ). A hymenophore may be missing if the basidia are formed directly on the surface, as is the case with the family of the club relatives (Clavariaceae). This shape is often referred to as a smooth hymenophore .

Until the 20th century, the basic structure of the hymenophore was used to systematize fungi. However, it turned out that this is not necessarily related to the evolutionary development and therefore does not have to reflect relationships. These are more evident in the structure of the flesh of the hymenophore (Hymenophoral trama ).

Names for the different forms of the hymenophore

poroid
The hymenophore has clear pores, the edge of which is sterile.

raduloid
The hymenophore is tooth-shaped.

phleboid
The hymenophore consists of folds that are not or hardly networked.

irpicoid
The hymenophore has broad, flat, more or less overgrown growths.

merulioid
The hymenium is wrinkled-poroid or wrinkled-pitted, the edges of the pores are fertile.

hydnoid
The hymenophore consists of slender spines that are usually longer than 1 mm.

odontioid
The hymenophore consists of spines that are often eyelashed at the tip and rarely longer than 0.5 mm.

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