Hyperboloid construction

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Power line mast on the Oka River, detail of the construction from the inside: sections of hyperboloid pieces of decreasing curvature
Schuchow structure, 1896.

A hyperboloid structure is a framework or structure in the form of a hyperboloid of revolution .

Its outer shell is formed like a grid from one or two groups of straight elements. Despite the free shape, no curved components are required. Even tall hyperboloid towers have minimal wind resistance.

history

Although the mathematical properties of the hyperboloid have long been known, it was not until the modern age that the shape found its way into architecture. The first hyperboloid construction was designed by the Russian engineer, scientist and architect Vladimir Schuchow . It was a water tower built for the All-Russian Industrial and Crafts Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod in 1896 . The construction, in which a water tank with a capacity of 9500 vjodra (over 120,000 liters) was supported by an elegant 26 meter high construction, caused a sensation at the time.

Today most cooling towers are built according to this principle; In addition to the simple formwork construction, they have good fluidic properties ( chimney effect when the cooling steam expands).

Despite the different approach, Gaudí's approach of the catenoid construction (chain lines), which he chose for the Sagrada Família , is seen in connection with the rotational hyperbolic constructions according to Schuchow.

Examples of hyperbolic constructions

Today seven of the towers designed by Schuchow still exist in Russia, including the 160-meter-high Schuchow radio tower in Moscow . The 128-meter-high power line mast on the Oka River not far from Nizhny Novgorod is the only surviving overhead line mast of this type.

  • Commodities

  • cups

  • table

literature

  • Rainer Graefe, M. Gappoev, O. Pertschi (eds., Arr.): Vladimir Grigor'evič Šuchov 1853–1939 - The art of economical construction. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-421-02984-9 (With contributions by Klaus Bach, Jos Tomlow, among others, Russian Moscow 1994)
  • Elizabeth Cooper English: “Arkhitektura i mnimosti”: The origins of Soviet avant-garde rationalist architecture in the Russian mystical-philosophical and mathematical intellectual tradition. Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 2000. ( abstract )

Web links

Commons : Hyperboloid Constructions  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ II Černíkov: Мачты системы Шухова (Mačty sistemy Šuchova). German Translation of the typewritten manuscript Masten according to Šuchov's system. Übers. Pertschi, 2003 ( pdf, elib.uni-stuttgart.de ), p. 1
  2. ↑ J. Tomlow: The introduction of a new form of construction by Suchov and Gaudí. In: Lit. Graefe, Gappoev, Pertschi: The art of economical construction. 1990, pp. 110-114
  3. ↑ o.Univ.-Prof. Dr. Rainer Graefe, Chair of Building History and Monument Preservation, Faculty of Architecture at the University of Innsbruck, Curriculum Vitae ( Memento from February 21, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Jos Tomlow, Zittau / Görlitz University of Applied Sciences, Literature ( Memento of the original from April 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , As of May 2008 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hs-zigr.de
  5. ↑ Elizabeth Cooper English, spec.lib.vt.edu