Ciechanów

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Ciechanów
Coat of arms of Ciechanów
Ciechanów (Poland)
Ciechanów
Ciechanów
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Mazovia
Powiat : Ciechanów
Area : 32.51  km²
Geographic location : 52 ° 52 ′  N , 20 ° 38 ′  E Coordinates: 52 ° 52 ′ 0 ″  N , 20 ° 38 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 150-200 m npm
Residents : 44,118
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 06-400 to 06-413
Telephone code : (+48) 23
License plate : WCI
Economy and Transport
Street : Glinojeck - Maków Mazowiecki
Rail route : Nasielsk – Działdowo
Next international airport : Warsaw
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Surface: 32.51 km²
Residents: 44,118
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 1357 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 1402011
Administration (as of 2007)
City President : Waldemar Wardziński
Address: pl. Jana Pawła II 6
06-400 Ciechanów
Website : umciechanow.pl



Ciechanów [ ʨɛˈxanuf ] ( German 1939-1945 Zichenau , older also Zechenau ) is a city ​​in Poland in the Masovian Voivodeship north of Warsaw on the Łydynia , a tributary of the Wkra .

history

The first human traces in the area of ​​today's Ciechanów can be found in the time around 3000 BC. To date. The first permanent settlements, according to archaeological finds, date back to the 7th century.

A Benedictine monastery in Ciechanów was first mentioned in documents in 1065. In 1180 the Pomorans invaded the place and devastated it. Another raid took place in 1222.

In 1349 Ciechanów became an independent duchy under Casimir I, which existed until the end of the Piasts in 1526. Construction of the Ciechanów Castle began around 1355 . In 1400 the place received city ​​rights . During the war with the Teutonic Order around 1409, Ciechanów was burned down. In 1476 the city fell victim to the flames again.

In 1526 the rule of the Piasts ended and Ciechanów went with the whole of Mazovia to the Polish crown . 1538 confirmed King Sigismund the Old , the privileges of the city. In the same year another fire raged in Ciechanów. In 1602 the place was hit by serious epidemics . This was repeated several times between 1616 and 1661.

In 1657 the Swedes destroyed the place and the castle so badly that only 53 houses and around 400 inhabitants remained in the settlement. In 1708 the Swedes finally destroyed the place. Only the immigration of Jews could save the existence of the now depopulated place. Eight years later, a cholera epidemic raged in town. In 1793 the place became the seat of a voivodeship that covered an area of ​​around 10,000 km², but came under Prussian rule as early as 1794 . On July 26, 1806, the place was incorporated into the Duchy of Warsaw . In 1808, Ciechanów had 1,359 inhabitants. Thirty years later it was 2,932, in 1865 already 4,650.

Castle of the Dukes of Mazovia

In 1867 the city became the seat of the Powiat Ciechanowski . In 1877, the Warsaw – Mława section of today's Warsaw – Gdańsk railway was opened and Ciechanów was thus connected to the railway network.

During the First World War , from September 10, 1914 to July 16, 1915, several battles took place in the area. The result was severe destruction and a subsequent cholera epidemic.

After it was occupied by the Germans in World War II , Ciechanów became the seat of the Zichenau administrative district in East Prussia and also the district town . For the residents of Ciechanów, the German occupation meant forced labor, persecution, and the deportation and murder of the Jewish population. On January 17, 1945, the Red Army occupied the city.

In 1946, 11,831 people lived in Ciechanów. In 1972 a hyperbolic water tower was built in Ciechanów . After an administrative reform in 1975, the city became the seat of the Ciechanów Voivodeship and remained so until the territorial reform in 1998.

traffic

The long-distance train station of Polskie Koleje Państwowe is on the Warsaw – Gdańsk railway line . The narrow-gauge railways Ciechanów – Grudusk and Ciechanów – Krasne are closed.

local community

The rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Ciechanów is located in the city of Ciechanów, but it does not belong to it.

Twin cities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities associated with the city

Web links

Commons : Ciechanów  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ http://biblio.unibe.ch/web-apps/maps/zoomify.php?pic=Ryh_6102_1_A.jpg&col=ryh
  3. ↑ W. Górczyk, Ciechanów - Lokacja i Geneza herbu, In Tempore, UMK, p. 5 Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.intempore.umk.pl
  4. ↑ Architektura Ciechanowa