Small knife fish
| Small knife fish | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hypopomidae | ||||||||||||
| Mago-Leccia , 1978 |
The small knifefish (Hypopomidae) live in the fresh waters of the humid Neotropic from the Río Tuira in Panama to the Río de la Plata in Argentina . With the exception of Chile, they occur in all South American countries. In the Amazon they are the richest. The species Steatogenys elegans makes up a significant part of the biomass in the main flow of the Amazon.
features
Small knife fish, like all New World knife fish , have an elongated body and a long anal fin, which is the main driving organ. They become 10 to 50 centimeters long and their bodies are often noticeably patterned. Their snout is short and, in contrast to that of the closely related sand knife eels (Rhamphichthyidae), never tubular, the mouth opening is small. The region in front of the eyes always makes up less than 38% of the length of the skull. You are completely toothless. The eyes are small. Their diameter is smaller than the distance between the relatively far apart nostrils . Small knifefishes have weak electrical organs .
Genera and species
There are 9 genera and over 35 species:
- Genus Akawaio Maldonado-Ocampo et al., 2013
- Akawaio penak Maldonado-Ocampo et al., 2013
- Genus Brachyhypopomus (Mago-Leccia, 1994)
- Brachyhypopomus alberti Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus arrayae Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus batesi Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus beebei (Schultz, 1944)
- Brachyhypopomus belindae Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus bennetti Sullivan, Zuanon, Fernandes, 2013
- Brachyhypopomus benjamini Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus bombilla (Loureiro y Silva, 2006)
- Brachyhypopomus brevirostris ( Steindachner , 1868)
- Brachyhypopomus cunia Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus diazi (Fernández-Yépez, 1972)
- Brachyhypopomus draco (Giora, Malabarba y Crampton, 2008)
- Brachyhypopomus flavipomus Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus gauderio (Giora y Malabarba, 2009)
- Brachyhypopomus hamiltoni Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus hendersoni Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus janeiroensis (Costa y Campos-da-Paz, 1992)
- Brachyhypopomus jureiae (Triques y Khamis, 2003)
- Brachyhypopomus menezesi Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus occidentalis ( Regan , 1914)
- Brachyhypopomus palenque Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus pinnicaudatus (Hopkins, 1991)
- Brachyhypopomus provenzanoi Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus regani Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus sullivani Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus verdii Crampton et al., 2017
- Brachyhypopomus walteri Sullivan, Zuanon, Fernandes, 2013
- Genus Hypopomus ( Gill , 1864)
- Hypopomus artedi ( Kaup , 1856)
- Genus Hypopygus (Hoedeman, 1962)
- Hypopygus benoneae Peixoto, Dutra, Santana & Wosiacki, 2013
- Hypopygus cryptogenes (Triques, 1997)
- Hypopygus lepturus (Hoedeman, 1962)
- Hypopygus neblinae (Mago-Leccia, 1994)
- Genus Microsternarchus (Fernández-Yépez, 1968)
- Microsternarchus bilineatus (Fernández-Yépez, 1968)
- Microsternarchus brevis Cox Fernandes et al., 2015
- Genus Procerusternarchus Fernandes, Nogueira & Alves-Gomes, 2014
- Procerusternarchus pixuna Fernandes, Nogueira & Alves-Gomes, 2014
- Genus Racenisia (Mago-Leccia, 1994)
- Racenisia fimbriipinna (Mago-Leccia, 1994)
- Genus Steatogenys ( Boulenger , 1898)
- Steatogenys duidae (La Monte, 1929)
- Steatogenys elegans (Steindachner, 1880)
- Steatogenys ocellatus (Crampton, Thorsen y Albert, 2004)
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World. 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York NY 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Crampton, WGR, Santana, CDd, Waddell, JC & Lovejoy, NR (2017): A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical electric fish genus Brachyhypopomus (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes: Hypopomidae), with descriptions of 15 new species . Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (4) [2016]: e150146.
Web links
- Small knife fish on Fishbase.org (English)