Ibn Abī Hadrad al-Aslamī

Ibn Abī Hadrad al-Aslamī (Arabic: ابن أبي حدرد الأسلمي, DMG : Ibn Abī Ḥadrad al-Aslamī , dates unknown) was a companion of Muhammad . An expeditionary force is named after al-Aslamī ( sarīyat abī ḥadrad al-aslamī ).

The Islamic tradition

The events surrounding Aslamī are narrated by Ibn Ishāq and at-Tabarī . In addition to the story in Ibn Ishāq, the latter also offers a more detailed or second version.

Ibn Ishāq

Ibn Ishāq reports in his biography of the prophets (s īrat rasūl allāh ) that Ibn Abī Hadrad in 629 wanted to marry a woman of his tribe and offered 200 dirhams as a bride price. Since he did not have the money, he went to Mohammed and asked him for this amount. However, Mohammed countered that even if Aslamī could collect dirhams from the bottom of a valley, he would not get such a sum. Mohammed himself doesn't have the money either.

A few days later, a man of the Banū Jusham bin Muʿawīya named Rifāʿa bin Qays or Qays bin Rifāʿa came with a large retinue to al-Ghāba, where he wanted to gather the Banū Jusham to fight Mohammed. Mohammed instructed al-Aslamī and two other Muslims to get this man or at least information about him. When the three of them got near the camp, Aslamī said that if he called Allahu Akbar , the other two should rush into the camp with him. After this conversation, they split up into different posts. They wanted to attack as many as possible.

Since a shepherd of the Banū Jusham had been absent with his animals for a long time, Rifāʿa decided to look for him. His entourage tried to prevent him from going alone, but he refused. Rifāʿa went off with his sword in hand and came near Aslamī. He drew his bow, struck Rifāʿa in the heart, beheaded him and called Allāhu Akbar. The rest of the Banu Jusham, according to the story, fled immediately for fear of this call, while the three Muslims returned to Mohammed with a few sheep and camels. Aslamī reported on the war plans of the enemies gathered in front of Mecca against the Muslims. He gave Mohammed the head of Rifāʿa and got 13 camels with which he could pay the bride's money.

at-Tabarī

After at-Tabarī there is a second version of the story in which a prophet's companion named Abū Qatāda was part of the expeditionary force. Accordingly, there were a total of 16 men who were on the road for 15 nights. What happened on the way is not specified here. As a reward after the expedition, each participant received twelve camels, each of which was worth ten sheep. In addition to cattle, however, the men also brought four women back to Mohammed as booty. One of them was very young and pretty. It was later bought by Abū Qatāda, paid for with his share of the booty. Another companion of the prophet - whether he took part in the expedition or not, remains open - by the name of Mahmīya bin al-Jazʾ az-Zubaidī ( Maḥmīya bin al-Ǧazʾ az-Zubaidī ), Mohammed approached this young beauty. Mohammed then went to Abū Qatāda, asked him for the woman and gave her to Zubaidī.

Reception in the modern age

Various authors took the example of Aslamī to establish their respective image of Islam .

Rodney J. Phillips

The Islamophobic Phillips initially adds that Mohammed was very pleased when he saw the head of Rifāʿa. As a reward, he gave Aslamī 13 camels for $ 4,550. However, it is unclear how this amount was calculated. In Kenya, the average camel is now worth around $ 700, while in the United Arab Emirates three camels have sold for $ 6.5 million.

Both Aslamī and his two comrades-in-arms, as well as Abū Qatāda, Phillips describes as jihadists ("Jihadi"). He describes the young woman who was captured as "sexy". When Mohammed was made aware of her beauty by Zubaidī, he would have claimed Abū Qatāda’s wife for himself and when he got her back, he gave her to Zubaidī as a gift.

Mubarakpuri

Safiur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , a Pakistani scholar, describes Aslamī's expeditionary force in a larger context in his book "The Sealed Nectar". In Mubarakpuri's opinion, the people have only just experienced peace and security as the anti-Islamic coalition has been defeated. That is why the Muslims now wanted to further Islamize the Arabian Peninsula . On the other hand, there was resistance, which Mubarakpuris listed seven. The last point is dedicated to Aslamī, who "by a clever strategy managed to drive away the enemies and captured much of their cattle".

IS organization

The chief ideologist of the IS organization , Turkī al-Binʿalī , used the story in a dispute with his former teacher Abū Muhammad al-Maqdisī . Maqdisī criticized the IS organization for the burning of the Jordanian fighter pilot Muʿādh al-Kasāsba . Binʿalī lists the death of Rifāʿa as one of several examples that he uses to legitimize the violence of his organization. In it he writes that when Aslamī came to Mohammed with Rifāʿa's head, he did not forbid Aslamī's behavior.

Binʿalī gives a narration by al-Baihaqī as the source for this brief statement , which, according to Binʿalī, is certain about a good isnād .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hans Jansen : Mohammed. A biography. (2005/2007) Translated from the Dutch by Marlene Müller-Haas. CH Beck, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-56858-9 , p. 395.
2. ↑ Ibn Ishāq: The Life of Muhammad - A Translation Of Isḥāq's Sīrat Rasūl Allāh . Ed .: A. Guillaume. 9th edition. Oxford University Press, Karachi 1990, pp. 671-672 .
3. ↑ Michael Fishbein: Muḥammad at Medina; AD 626 - 630 / AH 5 - 8 . In: Ishan Abbas, CE Bosworth , Franz Rosenthal, Everett K. Rowson, Ehsan Yar-Shater and Estelle Whelan (eds.): The History of al-Ṭabarī . tape VIII . State University of New York Press, Albany 1998, pp. 150-151 .
4. ^ ^{A b} Rodney J. Phillips: The Muslim Empire and the Land of Gold. Eloquent Books, p. 320 , accessed June 22, 2016 . 
5. ↑ Lori Robinson: What's a camel worth? Retrieved June 22, 2016 . 
6. ↑ million for three camels. Retrieved June 22, 2016 (German). 
7. ↑ Saifur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar). In: raheeq.pdf. Pp. 169–170 , accessed on June 22, 2016 (English). 
8. ↑ ^{a b} Turkī al-Binʿalī: al-Maqdisī ... suqūṭ fī-ṭīn wa-insilāḫ ʿani d-dīn. P. 4 , accessed on June 22, 2016 (Arabic).