Immortalization

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In cell biology, immortalization describes a method that preserves the ability of cells to divide .

properties

Immortalization is accomplished by removing the limit on the number of cell divisions in a cell , called the Hayflick limit . In contrast to normal cells, immortalized cells can divide as often as desired and can theoretically multiply indefinitely in cell culture , which is where the term immortal ' immortal ' comes from. This unlimited cell growth can e.g. B. by infection with certain viruses (some herpes viruses , including the Epstein-Barr virus and the herpes virus saimiri , the SV40 virus, HTLV ), by transfection with immortalizing genes or proteins (e.g. large T antigen of SV40- Virus, adenovirus E1A or papillomavirus E7 with hTERT ) or by fusion with tumor cells as part of the hybridoma technology . Immortalization occurs spontaneously in cancer , e.g. B. by some oncogenes and mutated p53 . Immortalization can lead to dedifferentiation of the cells.

literature

  • MI Maqsood, MM Matin, AR Bahrami, MM Ghasroldasht: Immortality of cell lines: challenges and advantages of establishment. In: Cell biology international. Volume 37, number 10, October 2013, pp. 1038-1045, doi : 10.1002 / cbin.10137 , PMID 23723166 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Immortalization  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DT Rowe: Epstein-Barr virus immortalization and latency. In: Frontiers in bioscience: a journal and virtual library. Volume 4, March 1999, pp. D346-D371, ISSN  1093-9946 . PMID 10077545 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Y. Katakura, S. Alam, S. Shirahata: Immortalization by gene transfection. In: Methods in cell biology. Volume 57, 1998, pp. 69-91, ISSN  0091-679X . PMID 9648100 .
  3. ↑ P. An, MT Sáenz Robles, JM Pipas: Large T antigens of polyomaviruses: amazing molecular machines. In: Annual review of microbiology. Volume 66, 2012, pp. 213-236, ISSN  1545-3251 . doi : 10.1146 / annurev-micro-092611-150154 . PMID 22994493 .
  4. ↑ C. Darimont, K. Macé: Immortalization of human preadipocytes. In: Biochemistry. Volume 85, Number 12, December 2003, pp. 1231-1233, ISSN  0300-9084 . PMID 14739075 .