Isaac Ray

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Isaac Ray.

Isaac Ray (born January 16, 1807 , † March 31, 1881 ) was an American psychiatrist and one of the founders of forensic psychiatry . In 1838 he published the book A Treatise on the Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity (Boston), which served as the foundational work for this discipline for many years.

Life

Isaac Ray was born in Beverly, Massachusetts and graduated from Phillips Academy in 1822 . Ray graduated from the Medical College of Maine (Bowdoin) in 1827 as a physician and was aiming for a branch in Portland, Maine. After this failed, he moved to the port city of Eastport, where he practiced and in 1838 wrote the book "Treatise on the Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity". After a few years in Eastport, he was appointed superintendent at the State Hospital for the Insane in Augusta in 1841. From 1845 Ray lived in Providence, Rhode Island , where he directed the founding of Butler Hospital . Prior to opening Butler Hospital's in 1847, Ray visited Irrenasyle in Europe and reported his experience in the American Journal of Insanity . In 1866 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . From 1867 he lived in retirement in Philadelphia .

plant

Ray's book Treatise on the Medical Jurisprudence of Insanity was very influential in the development of forensic psychiatry. Criminal defense attorney Sir Alexander Cockburn used it as a reference in the case against Daniel M'Naghten in 1843. Cockburn extensively cited Ray's work which challenged traditional beliefs about criminal liability . Ray was a founding member of the Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane and served it as president from 1855 to 1859. He wrote an academic paper almost every year between 1828 and 1880, dealing with the relationship between mental disorder and legal issues concerned. Ray also authored some significant monographs such as Mental Hygiene (Boston, 1863) and Contributions to Mental Pathology (Boston, 1873). In 1868, the Medical Association took over his considerations on a draft law as a template for recommendations that should safeguard the rights of the mentally ill and formulate civil and criminal law provisions relating to them.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Newton, John L. French: The Encyclopedia of Crime Scene Investigation . Infobase Publishing, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8160-6814-2 , pp. 227 ( google.com ).
  2. ↑ a b c 19th Century Psychiatrists of Note. In: Diseases of the Mind: Highlights of American Psychiatry Through 1900. US National Library of Medicine, accessed September 3, 2007 .
  3. ^ W. Cornish, G. Clarke: Law and Society in England 1750-1950 . Sweet & Maxwell, London 1989, ISBN 0-421-31150-9 , pp. 603-604 .
  4. ^ Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane (1876) pp. 17-22

bibliography

  • This text is taken from the PD work: "19th Century Psychiatrists of Note. Diseases of the Mind: Highlights of American Psychiatry Through 1900." US National Library of Medicine. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  • Isaac Ray 1807-1881. In: Rhode Island medical journal. Volume 46, 1963, pp. 425-426. PMID 14043323 .
  • Association of Medical Superintendents of American Institutions for the Insane (1876), Philadelphia
  • BL Diamond: Isaac Ray and the trial of Daniel M'Naghten. In: American Journal of Psychiatry. Volume 112, No. 8, 1956, pp. 651-656. PMID 13292555 .
  • M. Hader: Isaac Ray, forensic medicine and geriatric psychiatry. In: Gerontologist. Volume 5, No. 4, 1965, pp. 268-269. PMID 5322059 .
  • H. Payne, R. Luthe: Isaac Ray and forensic psychiatry in the United States. In: Forensic Science International. Volume 15, No. 2, 1980, pp. 115-127. PMID 6987135 .
  • JM Quen: Isaac Ray and mental hygiene in America. In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. Volume 291, 1977, pp. 83-93.
personal data
SURNAME Ray, Isaac
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH January 16, 1807
DATE OF DEATH March 31, 1881