Isisnofret

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Isisnofret in hieroglyphics
Hiero Ca1.svg
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H8
nfr D21
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Hiero Ca2.svg
Isisnofret
(Isis nofret / Aset neferet)
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The beautiful Isis

Isisnofret , also Isisnofret I , was the second Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Ramses II ( 19th Dynasty ).

origin

Almost nothing is known about the origin of Isisnofret. She is never referred to as the “daughter of a king” and therefore certainly does not come from the Egyptian royal family. The name of the first daughter Bintanat , which means "daughter of Anat", gives an indication of her origin . Since Anat was an Asian goddess from the Syrian region, it is suspected in Egyptology that Isisnofret could possibly have been a Syrian princess. Her two sons were born before Ramses II ascended the throne, so the marriage took place before that time.

Family and position

In addition to Bintanat, the ruler's eldest daughter, the ruling couple also had the daughter Isisnofret and the sons Ramses, Chaemwaset and Merenptah , the successor to Ramses II. She was perhaps also the mother of the Nebettaui . Not many round pictures and illustrations are known of Isisnofret. She is rarely shown together with Ramses II. In contrast, her son Chaemwaset appears in many depictions, so that it can be assumed that she played a rather subordinate role during her lifetime and was only honored by her son.

death

The time of her death is controversial. On a trapezoidal granite block from Medinet Madi , both Chaemwaset and Isisnofret, who was still alive at the time, are named, whereby Chaemwaset bears the titlejustified ”. An exact chronological assignment cannot be derived from this, since Chamenwaset, in connection with priestly activities as Horus Iunmutef, had this title from the 34th year of Ramses II's reign (1246 BC) and thus automatically the epithet of Iunmutef as "justified" led.

From the 36th year of Ramses II's reign there is a stele with a picture of Isisnofret. There she holds a sign in her hand, which could be interpreted as a symbol of deification and allows the possibility that she was already deceased at that time. Isisnofret's grave is unknown. The ostracon JE 72460 from the Valley of the Kings with a distance between the tomb of an Isisnofret, which was under construction at the time, and that of Prince Meriatum ( KV5 ) most likely refers to the daughter of the same name of Ramses II. The more likely possibility, based on the find of Relief blocks with the name cartouche of Isisnofret is a burial in Saqqara , where her son Chaemwaset also worked, to whom she was particularly attached.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. C. Lakomy: Cairo Ostracon J. 72460: An investigation into the royal burial tradition in the Valley of the Kings at the beginning of the Ramesside period. In: Göttinger Miscellen . Supplement, No. 4. Seminar for Egyptology and Coptic Studies at the University of Göttingen, Göttingen 2008, p. 69 f.
  2. ^ Marjorie M. Fisher: The sons of Ramesses II. Vol. 1, 2 (= Egypt and Old Testament. Vol. 53). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2001, ISBN 3-447-04486-1 , pp. 103-104.