Ittinger storm
The Ittingen storm with the destruction of the Ittingen Charterhouse in 1524 was a feud at the beginning of the Reformation in Switzerland and a harbinger of the general peasant unrest.
The Reformation in Zurich with the reformer Zwingli triggered an iconoclasm in the churches of some parishes , for example in Höngg , Weiningen , Eglisau and Zollikon .
The iconoclasm in Ober- and Unterstammheim was the initial event in the Ittingen storm. Stammheim was subordinate to the high court of the common rule Thurgau and the lower court of the city of Zurich. The destruction of the pictures in the church was classified as desecration by the Catholic side. The peasants, who made up 90% of the population, interpreted Zwingli's teaching as liberation theology with the prospect of escaping serfdom with all its consequences, labor and taxes. They felt threatened and entered into protective alliances, Stammheim and Waltalingen sought the connection to Nussbaumen TG and Stein am Rhein .
Threats were made against Stammheim that the village would be set on fire. The prior of the nearby Ittingen Charterhouse also added fuel to the fire with the remark that he would not be surprised if God burned the houses of the rebels.
The daily statute , excluding Zurich, gave the governor in Thurgau the order to arrest the pastor of Burg bei Stein am Rhein , who was considered a pioneer of the Reformation. The peasants were mobilized with church bells. After the bailiff and his prisoner were unsuccessfully pursued, their anger was directed against the Ittingen monastery, where the pictures were first destroyed, the books burned and the water in the fish pond drained. Finally part of the Charterhouse was set on fire. The prior and almost all the monks left the Charterhouse, which took 30 years to rebuild.
The confederates insisted on the extradition of the ringleaders under threat of war. The Zurich residents gave in on the condition that only the riot, but not the iconoclasm, would be punished. Despite a solemn promise, a court in Baden sentenced three alleged ringleaders to death.
This breach of word was the reason for Zwingli not to participate in the disputation in Baden in 1526.
literature
- Peter Kamber: The Ittingen storm. A historical report. How and why the rebellious peasants occupied the Ittingen Charterhouse and set it on fire in the summer of 1524 . Ittingen Charterhouse Foundation , Warth 1997 (= Ittinger series of publications , volume 6, DNB 955794676 ).
- How the governor in Thurgau caught the preacher at the castle near Stein, followed by a storm and a great riot . In: Tales from Swiss history based on the Chronicles, Volume 3. Basel 1829. P. 317 f.
Web links
- Margrit Früh: Ittinger storm. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Coordinates: 47 ° 35 ′ 2 " N , 8 ° 52 ′ 2" E ; CH1903: 707467 / 271 328