Ivan Brjuchowezkyj

Ivan Brjuchowezkyj

Ivan Martynowytsch Brjuchowezkyj ( Ukrainian Іван Мартинович Брюховецький * about 1623 in Dykanka ; † June 7 ^jul. / 17th June  1668 ^greg. In Opischnja ) was between 27 June 1663 17 June 1668 the first hetman of the left-bank Ukraine . He resided in Hajach .

Life

With the beginning of the Khmelnyzkyi uprising , Brjuchowezkyj, who probably came from the nobility, stayed as a "higher servant" of the hetman at the court of Bohdan Khmelnyzkyj . Among other things, he was responsible for the education of Jurij Khmelnyzkyj and performed diplomatic tasks. Thus, he attended to normalization of Ukrainian-Transylvanian relations in early 1656 Transylvania and accompanied in autumn 1657 Yuri Khmelnitsky on a trip to Kyiv Mohyla Academy . In the spring of 1658 he attended on behalf of Ivan Vyhovsky Warsaw and from spring 1659 onwards he held in the Zaporozhye Sich , where he in the autumn of the same year Ataman was elected the Zaporozhye Cossacks. In 1661 he received the title of hetman captain and has since fought for a left-wing hetmanate.

Brjuchowezkyj fought three years of war against Poland and the right-wing hetman Pavlo Teterja and pursued a pro-Moscow policy. In the campaign of 1663/1664, the Cossacks repulsed the last attempt by the Poles to occupy the left bank of Ukraine . The Poles surrounded Gluchow with strong forces, but was defeated in the Battle of Pirohivka. With this, Brjuchowezkyj's attempts to conquer the right bank failed, although his Cossacks could keep Kaniw , Cherkassy and Bila Tserkva occupied for a while . In December 1665, Brjuchowezkyj signed a treaty with the tsarist empire that severely restricted the state rights of the left bank hetmanate and strengthened its administrative and financial dependence on Moscow. The Treaty of Andrussowo of 1667, which was signed with his Rada without further inquiry, ended centuries of Polish-Lithuanian dominance in Eastern Europe in favor of Russia and formalized the fact that the hetmanate along the Dnieper remained divided.

In 1666, the Moscow Empire ordered a census of the population on the Left Bank of Ukraine to determine the level of taxation. This soon led to great dissatisfaction among the Ukrainian people, and uprisings broke out. Even the part of the Orthodox clergy that had previously supported the pro-Moscow stance of the hetman openly protested against Bryukhovetskyi's policies. Brjukhovetskyi's position became untenable, he had to switch sides and decided to lead the popular uprising against the Moscow Empire himself. In January 1668 he spoke out before the Council of Elders of Hadjadsch for the dissolution of the union with Moscow and the transition of Ukraine to the Ottoman protectorate. At the same time he began negotiations with the Cossacks under Petro Doroshenko and sent an embassy to Chyhyryn . On June 17, 1668, he agreed a joint military council with Doroshenko in the field near Dykanka. Despite the resistance of his personal bodyguard, he was treacherously captured and taken to Doroshenko's camp, who had him chained to the barrel of a cannon and executed. Many of the Cossacks shocked by this left Doroshenko's army and took up arms under Petro Sukhovi. In order to appease the murder, Doroshenko then organized the burial of Brjuchowezkyj, which took place with all honors in the Christ Epiphani Church of Hadjatsch.

Web links

Commons : Iwan Brjuchowezkyj  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Article on Briukhovetsky, Ivan in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Entry on Iwan Martynowytsch Brjuchowezkyj in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on March 19, 2019 (Ukrainian)
2. ↑ Biography of Ivan Brjuchowezkyj on sklaviny.ru , accessed on April 1, 2016 (Russian)