Kaniw

Kaniw
Канів
	Kaniw
Basic data
Oblast :	Cherkasy Oblast
Rajon :	District-free city
Height :	101 m
Area :	17.42 km²
Residents :	25,702 (2012)
Population density :	1,475 inhabitants per km²
Postcodes :	19000
Area code :	+380 4736
Geographic location :	49 ° 45 '  N , 31 ° 28'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 45 '7 "  N , 31 ° 27' 43"  E
KOATUU :	7110300000
Administrative structure :	1 city
Mayor :	Vasyl Kolomiyets
Address:	вул. О. Кошового 3 19000 м. Канів
Website :	http://www.kaniv.ck.ua/
Statistical information
Kaniw

Kaniw ( Ukrainian Канів ; Russian Канев Kanew , Polish Kaniów ) is an independent city in the central Ukrainian Cherkassy Oblast on the right bank of the Dnieper River with 25,000 inhabitants (2012). The Kaniw National Park, which opened in 1923, extends in the immediate vicinity of the city. There is the tomb of the Ukrainian national writer Taras Shevchenko on the so-called Taras Hill . The region is rich in botanical, geological, paleontological and historical features and peculiarities. The Ukrainian capital is 150 km north.

Cathedral of the Assumption from 1144

The Dnepr near Kaniw

history

Kaniw was first mentioned in 1078. In the times of the Kievan Rus , Kaniw was an important stop on the trade routes from Kiev to the south. In 1362 the place was conquered by the Principality of Lithuania . The new rulers initially encountered stiff resistance from the population and Ukrainian nobles. In the same year the resistance escalated into an uprising that the Lithuanian rulers could only end with far-reaching concessions. In 1458 the city was occupied by Ottoman troops .

After the Lublin Union of 1569, Kaniw became part of Poland-Lithuania , and in 1600 it was granted Magdeburg city rights. During this time the city developed into a center of the Cossack culture . In the 17th and 18th centuries, epidemics, fires and Cossack revolts hampered the development of the city. In the Khmelnyzky uprising , the Ukrainian hetman Bohdan Khmelnyzkyj was able to conquer the city in 1648, which fell back to Poland after the end of the Cossack state. In 1768 the city was conquered by the Cossack Maksim Schelesnyak, who caused a pogrom among the Jews.

With the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the place fell to Russia together with the entire part of Ukraine lying to the right of the Dnieper . In the Russian census of 1897, the city had 8,855 inhabitants, with Ukrainians making up the largest population group with 65.1 percent, followed by Jews (30.6 percent), Russians (3.4 percent) and Germans (0.1 percent).

As a result of the Russian Civil War , Kaniv came under Bolshevik control in February 1917 . On May 11, 1918, the Battle of Kaniw took place near the city, in which the Second Polish Corps under Józef Haller did not succeed in breaking the German-Austrian line and pushing through to the Russians. After the war the place became part of the Ukrainian Soviet Republic . The place was also a theater of war during the Second World War. On September 12, 1941, the German military began an offensive northward on the Dnieper from the Kremenchuk bridgehead . They occupy Myrhorod on September 14, 1941 and on the same day end the encirclement of the bulk of the Soviet armed forces on the south-western front in the Kiev area. On the morning of September 22, 1943, the Soviet troops succeeded in crossing the Dnieper north of Kaniw (Bukrin bridgehead on the west bank). A large deployment of Soviet airborne troops failed, however, with many losses. On September 23 and 24, 1943, German units withdrew completely from the Kaniw bridgehead on the east bank over the Kaniw bridge without being attacked from the air and blew up the double bridge early in the morning on September 24, 1943 (railway bridge and above one March bridge raised by pioneers). During the Soviet era, the population of Kaniv increased sharply, and in 1977 the city was placed under oblast administration. During the phase of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the new independence of the Ukrainian state, the city lost around 10 percent of its population.

Population development

Number of inhabitants

year	1897	1923	1926	1959	1970	1979	1989	2001	2012
Residents	8,855	7,887	8,089	7,461	15,967	23,121	29,049	26,657	25,702

Source:

Economy and Transport

To the north of the city is the dam of the Kaniv reservoir , which supplies a hydroelectric power station . Otherwise, the economic importance of the city is low, which is also due to the fact that it has no rail connection. The nearest train station is in Myroniwka, about 25 km away . Kaniv has a flow port and is a regional road junction at which the 13 (Myronivka-Kaniv-R 2) R 15 (Kaniw- Cherkassy - Svitlovodsk and R 35 () Vasylkiv cut -Kaniw). The bus station is located near the port; There are buses to and from Kiev several times a day. The surroundings of the place are fertile, so that their agricultural products supply the city.

Attractions

• The tomb of the Ukrainian national poet Taras Shevchenko and the Shevchenko Museum
• Burial place of the Russian children's writer Arkadi Gaidar
• Folk Art Museum
• historical Museum
• Museum in the War Veterans Club
• Memorial for the Kaniv victims of the Holodomor at the foot of Shevchenko Hill. The mass graves of the victims were symbolically decorated with wooden crosses as early as the 1990s. On November 21, 2003, a memorial was inaugurated in the entrance area of ​​the historic cemetery, especially for the more than 350 children of the place.

sons and daughters of the town

• Oleksij Andrijewskyj , (1845–1902), Ukrainian educator, historian, writer and journalist

Twin cities

Kaniw maintains partnerships with the German city of Viersen (North Rhine-Westphalia, since 1993) In July 2010, a German-Ukrainian festival Kanew Introduces itself took place in Viersen , where children and young people were guests and were able to show their culture. Further cooperation takes place with the American city of Sonoma (California) and the French city of Lambersart (Nord-Pas-de-Calais).

See also

• History of Ukraine
• History of Lithuania
• History of Poland

Web links

Commons : Kaniw  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Demography of Ukrainian cities on pop-stat.mashke.org
2. ↑ Günther Deschner [general editorial office ] and Ernst Schraepler [Chronicle of the Second World War]: The Second World War - Pictures, Data, Documents , 1983, Munich , p. 661 f.
3. ^ Paul Carell : Scorched Earth - Battle between Volga and Vistula , 1966, Frankfurt am Main / Berlin , p. 298 ff.
4. ↑ Presentation of the Shevchenko Museum in Kaniw (Ukrainian); accessed on October 3, 2010 ( Memento from October 28, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
5. ↑ Ruth Gleinig: Places of remembrance of the Holodomor 1932/33 in the Ukraine (book, page 141). Online at Google books; Retrieved October 3, 2010
6. ↑ Information on the town twinning Kaniw-Viersen in: Deutsche Kulturwochen 2008 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
7. ↑ Kanew - living friendship . Report on Niederrhein-Nachrichten. Retrieved on October 3, 2010 ( Memento of the original from July 29, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.