Viersen
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Coordinates: 51 ° 15 ' N , 6 ° 24' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Dusseldorf | |
| Circle : | Viersen | |
| Height : | 41 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 91.1 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 77,102 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 846 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 41747, 41748, 41749, 41751 | |
| Primaries : | 02162, 02156 , 02153 | |
| License plate : | VIE, KK | |
| Community key : | 05 1 66 032 | |
| LOCODE : | DE VIE | |
| City structure: | 4 boroughs | |
City administration address : |
Rathausmarkt 1 41747 Viersen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayoress : | Sabine Anemüller ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the city of Viersen in the Viersen district | ||
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The city of Viersen is located on the left Lower Rhine in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia and is a large city in the district of Viersen in the administrative district of Düsseldorf . The city is the seat of the district of Viersen. Contrary to popular belief, the city name is not derived from “four lakes”, but from the old name “Viers” of what is now known as the “Dorfer Bach” near the “Kaisermühle”.
geography
Geographical location
The city center of Viersen is located at 51 ° 16 'north latitude and 6 ° 24' east longitude at about 40 meters above sea level.
Expansion of the urban area
Viersen extends over an area of more than 91 km², including about 16 km² of built-up areas, about 45 km² of agricultural land and about 20 km² of gardens, forest, green and water areas.
City structure
The urban area of Viersen is divided into the following four urban districts : (residents on June 30, 2017)
- Alt-Viersen (38.261) with the districts Beberich , Bockert , Bötzlöh , Donk , Düpp , Hamm , Heimer , Helenabrunn , Hoser , Hülsdonk , Ompert , Rahser , Rintgen , Robend , Noppdorf, Ummer
- Dülken (20.473) with the districts Bergerstraße , Bistard, Schirick, Landwehr, Loosen, Busch, Hausen, Mackenstein , Nette, Ransberg, Nord, Waldnielerstraße
- Süchteln (15,992) with the districts of Clörath , Dornbusch , Hagen , Hagenbroich, Sittard , Vorst
- Boisheim (2.024) with the districts Lind, Pütterhöfe, Klinkhammer, Bonesend, Mauswinkel
history
Viersen consists of the three formerly independent towns of Viersen, Dülken and Süchteln. These merged with the local reorganization in 1970 to form today's city of Viersen. As early as 1968, today's smallest district, the municipality of Boisheim, joined the city of Dülken. Until then, the development of the individual places was quite different. Dülken, Süchteln and Boisheim belonged to the Brüggen office in the Duchy of Jülich . As an exclave of the Geldrischen office of Krickenbeck, Viersen lay between the Duchy of Jülich and the Electorate of Cologne on the other side of the Niers . The French ended this situation in October 1794, which ended the territorial fragmentation of the area and the French era began.
From 1815 ( Congress of Vienna ) the Lower Rhine belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia ; In 1822 Prussia formed the Rhine Province . The previous affiliation to different territories had an impact on the development of the three communities. Dülken and Süchteln were promoted and expanded by the Jülich sovereign because he wanted to strengthen them as border towns towards Geldern and Kurköln. In Viersen which retained Cologne pen St. Gereon as landlord for a long time a significant influence. It had no interest in developing Viersen into a town.
Therefore, the community developed in its settlement structure (widely scattered, individual honors ) also differently than the neighboring towns of Dülken and Süchteln (city center, city fortifications). The settlement structure of the community, which had existed since the Middle Ages , was not changed until the 19th century. The industrialization pushed the landscape on their mark. With the construction of roads and the railroad, important traffic connections were created, which promoted economic growth. The textile industry was the main driving force. Important companies emerged that exported to numerous countries.
On March 1, 1945 soldiers of the 84th US Infantry Division from Dülken captured Viersen and Süchteln. Previously, on February 9 and 24, 1945, 256 people were killed and many houses were destroyed in two air raids by US bombers, including the Remigius Church .
After the Second World War , textile development stopped. A new, more diversified commercial structure was created. Tied to structures from the pre-war period, z. B. in iron and metal processing and in the food industry.
The spiritual life of the three cities was largely shaped by Catholicism until the end of the Second World War . The Reformation took hold only tentatively. Nonetheless, some Protestants play an important role in the development of the city. In Viersen were z. B. almost all leading industrial families Protestant, z. B. Friedrich von Diergardt .
Incorporations
With effect from January 1, 1970, the previously independent town of Viersen (" Alt-Viersen ") was combined with the towns of Dülken and Süchteln, which were part of the Kempen-Krefeld district at that time, and the municipality of Boisheim, which was also part of the district, to form the new town of Viersen . The resistance to the incorporation was particularly high in Dülken. One could not agree on the name Viersen. The representatives of the local authorities wanted the name Tricity, the legislature stayed with Viersen.
Despite the enlargement of the urban area brought about by these incorporations, during which the number of inhabitants almost doubled at the time, the old Viersen lost its district freedom. On January 1, 1975, however, it was upgraded to a district town as by far the largest municipality in the district , while the smaller Kempen lost this status. The district of Kempen-Krefeld became the district of Viersen . The new district got the community of Niederkrüchten from the old district of Erkelenz and lost the Kempen district of Hüls to the independent city of Krefeld .
Population development
In the Middle Ages and at the beginning of the modern era , Viersen only had a few hundred inhabitants. Its population has grown rapidly since the beginning of industrialization in the 19th century. In 1818 only 3,500 people lived in the place, in 1900 there were already 25,000. With the incorporation of the cities of Dülken (22,555 inhabitants in 1969) and Süchteln (18,606 inhabitants in 1969), the population of the city rose from 44,010 in 1969 to 85,171 on January 1, 1970.
In 1972 the population reached its all-time high of 87,013. On December 31, 2006, the " official population " for Viersen was 75,975 according to updates by the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia (only main residences and after comparison with the other state offices). That is a decrease of 12.7% (11,038 people) since 1972.
The following overview shows the number of inhabitants according to the respective territorial status. 1818 is an estimate, then census results (¹) or official updates from the State Statistical Office . From 1871, the information relates to the “local population”, from 1925 to the resident population and since 1987 to the “population at the location of the main residence”. Before 1871, the number of inhabitants was determined according to inconsistent survey procedures.
In the list of large and medium-sized cities in Germany , Viersen ranks 108th (as of 2017 data).
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¹ census results
politics
City council
The distribution of seats in the city council after the local elections on May 25, 2014:
| List: | CDU | SPD | FDP | Green | left | For VIE * | BOD ** | NPD | total |
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| Seats: | 24 (± 0) | 15 (± 0) | 3 (−2)) | 6 (+1) | 3 (+1) | 4 (−1) | 0 (−1) | 1 (± 0) | 56 seats |
In brackets the difference to the 2009 local elections * Viersener Citizens' Association for Citizen-Friendly Politics eV ** Bund Sozialer Bürger
mayor
Mayor of Viersen is Sabine Anemüller (SPD). She won with 62.06% of the votes in a runoff election on September 27, 2015 against her competitor Paul Schrömbges (CDU) and thus replaced the previously incumbent mayor Günter Thönnessen (SPD), who was no longer on the list in the election which in Viersen is already the second mayoral candidacy of the SPD. The Christian Democrats who previously ruled the district town, ultimately due to Marina Hammes '(CDU)' s tenure of almost twenty years until the election in September 2004, will keep their post as the mayor's representative. The first deputy mayor is Hans-Willy Bouren (CDU).
Former Lord Mayor
- 1913–1919: Peter Stern
- 1929–1934: Peter Gilles , center (1919–1929 as mayor)
- 1934–1936: Heinz Gebauer , NSDAP
- 1936–1945: Werner Koch
- 1945: August Hubert Carl Schaub
- 1946–1966: Hermann Hülser , CDU
coat of arms
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Blazon : "Three silver medlar flowers in blue, set 2: 1" |
| Foundation of the coat of arms: The tradition lives on in the Viersen city coat of arms: the silver medlar flowers symbolize the merger of Dülken with Boisheim, Süchteln and Viersen to form a new city. The medlar blossom, also known as the " Geldrische rose ", has been a symbol of the Viersen coat of arms since at least 1450. For decades, she pointed to belonging to Gelden's administrative sovereignty. The Viersen city colors are blue and silver. |
Town twinning
Viersen maintains partnerships with the following cities:
Lambersart
In 1964 the Gymnasium an der Löh (today's Erasmus-von-Rotterdam-Gymnasium ) and the city's Humanist Gymnasium (founded in 1904, as a Latin school in 1526), initiated by Ms. Gerta Holzapfel, Rector of the Gymnasium an der Löh, took the first Contact with Mrs. Cheileville from the Lycée Jean Perrin in Lambersart. The first school exchange between the two cities took place in the following year. 50 students from Viersen spent a week with French host families in Lambersart. The aim of the exchange was to get to know each other's school systems as well as to strengthen the understanding of the neighbour's culture. Further regular meetings led to the founding of the town twinning on June 26, 1970. The strong connections between the two cities have led to the fact that the German-French youth association Viersen eV was founded in July 2010 in addition to the annual school exchange of the Erasmus von Rotterdam grammar school . The association is a recognized independent sponsor of child and youth welfare and participates in the organization of two so-called "Weekend International de la jeunesse" as well as language courses and a cultural program in training intercultural skills for young people in both cities.
Culture and sights
Museums
- Dülkener fools mill with wisdom room and fools museum
- Viersen sculpture collection
- Local museum
- Municipal gallery in Viersen Park
Buildings
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Viersen
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Dulken
Boisheim
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Addicts
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Parks
- Old city garden
- Casino garden
- Jubilee garden (Viersen Hoser / Bockert)
- Game enclosure with fallow, red and wild boar
- Addict heights
- Romantic landscape on the Nette (gateway to the Maas-Schwalm-Nette nature park )
- Niersaue
- Lower Rhine climbing forest
- Marienpark - old cath. Cemetery (Dülken)
- Holtappelsgarten (Dülken)
- Rathausgarten (Dülken)
- Mill tower garden (Dülken)
Sights as part of EUROGA 2002plus
in districts of Viersen
- Walkable labyrinth in the geographical center of the city, by J. Vossen
- Anatol's stone circle made of ten boulders in the new district of Stadtpark Robend by Anatol Herzfeld
- Bockerter Heide , nature reserve and forest area in the southwest of Alt-Viersen, approx. 1.7 km² of rural cultural landscape
- Bismarck Tower , completed in 1901, renovated in 2003
- Fietsallee on the north canal
Sports
- The 1. FC Viersen is the footballing figurehead Viersen. The long-time upper division team has been back in the Lower Rhine league since 2005.
- The international high jump meeting , organized by the Viersener high jump meeting and the LG 47 Viersen, takes place in Viersen every year.
- Viersen has hosted the three-cushion world championship for national teams since 1990 , which is held every year at the end of February / beginning of March in the Viersen festival hall.
- The largest association in town is the ASV Süchteln with around 3,100 members.
- The Tanzsportverein Viersen eV has had a wheelchair dance department since 2001 .
- SG-Dülken
- Dülkener FC
- The American Football Schiefbahn Riders eV is the first sports club for American football and cheerleading in the Viersen district.
Regular events
- International jazz festival in September in the Viersen festival hall
- Large carnival parades in the three districts of Viersen, Dülken and Süchteln
- For more than three decades, the largest children's and youth flea market in Germany has been held in Viersen every year. In some years it attracts up to 100,000 visitors to the city center. The dealers must not be younger than six and not older than 17 years. Stand fees are not charged.
- Since 2006, the Eier mit Speck Festival has been an open-air music event every year on three days in summer .
- The Schöppenmarkt on Ash Wednesday every year in the Dülken district is one of the largest German junk markets.
- Since 2000, the "Viersen in bloom" campaign has taken place in Alt-Viersen , Dülken and Süchteln every two years, in which the inner cities are decorated with flower arrangements.
- Every year on the second weekend in September, the “Motorcycle Club MC Viersen eV” organizes the “International Biker Meeting” at the Hoher Busch stadium.
- Every year in autumn a “Big Kite Festival” takes place at the Hoher Busch Stadium.
- There are twelve annual shooting festivals (sometimes alternating) in the district association of Viersen-Mitte , Dülken-Boisheim and Süchteln.
- The Irmgardisoktav takes place every year in the week after September 4th at the Irmgardiskapelle on the Heiligenberg in Süchteln.
- Dülken Beer Exchange
- Dülkener Mühlenfest on the last Sunday in August with “Dölker Daach” on the Sunday of the festival weekend
- Dülken Kulturbunt
Culinary specialties
The medlar , the Viersen city coat of arms plant, is used to produce numerous dishes, e.g. B. Medlar-Streuselko-ek ( medlar crumble cake ), medlar confectionery, medlar jam, but also medlar liqueur prepared. Naturschutzbund and Heimatverein have been promoting the cultivation for years and passing on the old recipes.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
Viersen is home to a number of medium-sized production and service companies. The confectionery manufacturer Mars Germany ( Mars (Schokoriegel) ) has its German headquarters here. There are several business parks.
telecommunications
A 102 meter high telecommunications tower made of reinforced concrete from Deutsche Telekom AG is located at 51 ° 16'56 "N 6 ° 20'50" E. The tower broadcasts the Niederrhein wave program on 100.6 MHz with 1 kW ERP.
traffic
Streets
Viersen is located on the federal motorway 61 ( Venlo - Mannheim ) and has three junctions:
- (6) addictions
- (7) Viersen
- (8) Mackenstein
To the south of it, on the border with Mönchengladbach, is the Mönchengladbach motorway junction , where federal motorway 61 crosses federal motorway 52 ( Roermond - Düsseldorf ).
Public transport
Local public transport in Viersen and the surrounding area can be used in the VRR tariff .
Viersen has a centrally located bus station where a total of sixteen bus routes connect the city districts and the surrounding area with each other, mostly every hour.
The Viersen station is in the rail transport of regional express - and regional train regularly u-lines. a. connected with Aachen, Dortmund, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Essen, Gelsenkirchen, Hagen, Krefeld, Mönchengladbach, Münster, Neuss, Recklinghausen, Venlo and Wuppertal. The stations in Dülken and Boisheim on the Viersen – Venlo railway line are also in the urban area .
education
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Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
To 1900
- Matthias Nethenus (1618–1686), theologian
- Gustav Mevissen , since 1884 Gustav von Mevissen (1815–1899, Dülken), entrepreneur and politician
- Matthias Büssem (1848–1914), clergyman
- Max Nonnenbruch (1857–1922), painter
- Ferdinand Emmerich (1858–1930), researcher, world traveler and travel writer
- Ludwig Kohl (1870–1951), politician
- Hans Hermann (1877–1914), architect
- Joseph Dommers Vehling (1879–1950), cook, author, translator, cookbook historian and collector
- Peter Terkatz (1880–1954), sculptor
- Karl Müller (1884–1964), politician
- Kornelius Feyen (1886–1957), educator and painter
- Theodor Frings (1886–1968), Germanist and linguist
- Otto Wehr (1886–1960), Protestant resistance fighter
- Hermann Hülser (1888–1973), politician and Lord Mayor
- Paul Weyers (1890–1972), dialect poet
- Wilhelm Warsch (1895–1969), municipal official and politician
- Hermann Dortans (1898–1976), politician
- Alois Theissen (1899–1961), Catholic clergyman and Nazi victim
- Illa Martin (1900–1988), dentist, author, dendrologist ( Sequoiafarm Kaldenkirchen )
1901 to 1950
- Albert Vigoleis Thelen (1903–1989), writer ( The island of the second face )
- Ernst Küppers (1904–1976), swimmer and Olympic participant
- Hermann Schmitz (1904–1931), artist
- Hilde Bruch (1904–1984), doctor, psychoanalyst and specialist in eating disorders
- Otto Marzinek (1912–1986), Higher Regional Judge, judge in Cologne
- Peter Giesen (1921–2018), politician (CDU), Member of the Bundestag (1958–80)
- Ruth Kaiser (1921–2000), photographer
- Will Brüll (1922–2019), sculptor
- Hans Herbert Jöris (1925–2008), conductor and university professor
- Werner Schriefers (1926–2003), painter, designer and university professor
- Joachim Schürmann (* 1926), architect (including Schürmann-Bau , Bonn)
- Herbert Callhoff (1933–2016), composer and professor at the Robert Schumann University in Düsseldorf
- Franz-Josef Antwerpes (* 1934), Cologne District President 1978 to 1999
- Theo Püll (* 1936), high jumper
- Hellmut Trienekens (* 1938 in Süchteln), entrepreneur
- Wilhelm Kaiser-Lindemann (1940–2010), composer and horn player
- Heino Sonnemans (* 1940), Roman Catholic fundamental theologian
- Ali Haurand (1943–2018), jazz musician
- Reinhard Kluth (* 1950 in Dülken), church musician
- Reinhard Kaiser (* 1950), writer
- Helmut Reisen (* 1950), economist
From 1951
- Dieter Bongartz (* 1951 in Dülken; † 2015), writer for children, young adults and screenwriters ( The Tenth Summer )
- Stefan Kaiser (* 1952), artist and art educator
- Udo Voigt (* 1952), German politician (NPD) and neo-Nazi cadre
- Winfried Boecken (* 1955), lawyer, judge and university lecturer
- Clemens Füsers (* 1955), writer, screenwriter and director
- Peter Eisheuer (* 1957), jazz and classical drummer, pianist and composer
- Gabriele Marion Appel (* 1958), field hockey player and Olympic participant in 1984 and 1988
- Holger Henke (* 1960), political scientist, specialist book author and editor
- Florian Scheurle (* 1960), Ministerialbeamter, President of the Federal Office for Central Services and Unresolved Property Issues
- Thomas Kessler (* 1962), architect and jazz musician
- Frank Rehfeld (* 1962), fantasy writer
- Michael Antwerpes (* 1963 in Dülken), sports presenter
- Elmar Goerden (* 1963), director
- Robert Klanten (* 1964), publisher
- Kai-Oliver Knops (* 1966), civil law scholar
- Lars Brocker (* 1967), lawyer
- Christopher Gerhard (* 1967), entrepreneur, athlete and racing car driver
- Elmar Theveßen (* 1967), journalist
- Michael Maria Ziffels (* 1967), composer, musician and sound researcher
- Markus Orths (* 1969), writer
- Roland Adelmann (* 1970), doctor and politician
- Martina Hannen (* 1970), politician, Member of the Bundestag (FDP)
- Till Brönner (* 1971), jazz musician
- Oliver Hilmes (* 1971), publicist and writer
- Dietmar Hirsch (* 1971), soccer player
- Mirja Boes alias "Möhre" (* 1971 in Boisheim), actress, comedian and singer
- Dieter Könnes (* 1971), radio and television presenter
- Diana Menschig (* 1973), fantastic author
- Johannes van den Bergh (* 1986), football player
- Robert Fleßers (* 1987), football player
- Marius Lauber alias Roosevelt (* 1990), music producer and singer
- Philipp Max (* 1993), soccer player
- Tim Stützle (* 2002), ice hockey player
Personalities who have worked on site
- Irmgard von Süchteln (11th century), saint
- Friedrich Freiherr von Diergardt (1795–1869), silk manufacturer
- Peter Norrenberg (1847–1894), priest, historian and social politician
- Peter Stern (1852–1929), mayor
- Josef Kaiser (1862–1950), entrepreneur, founder of “Kaiser's Kaffee” , honorary citizen of Viersen
- Karl Köster (1883–1975), painter and graphic artist
- Heinz Marten (1908–1991), singer (tenor)
- Ernst Klusen (1909–1988), musicologist, composer, music teacher and folk song researcher
- Paul Kratz (1921–1994), trade unionist and politician
- Josef Schürgers (1922–2001), politician (CDU), mayor of Viersen 1960–1965
- Herbert Sleegers (1932–2018), poet and writer
- Erik Martin (1936–2017), author, editor, songwriter
- Paul Eßer (* 1939), writer
- Georg Ettl (1940–2014), artist and art professor
- Jürgen Dollase (* 1948), gastronomy critic and ex-rock musician ( Wallenstein )
- Bülent Arslan (* 1975), politician and business consultant
- Eugen Polanski (* 1986), soccer player
literature
- Franz Joseph Schröteler: The glory and city of Viersen. A contribution to the history of the Lower Rhine . Meyer. Viersen 1861
- Peter Norrenberg: Chronicle of the city of Dülken. Their history and their folk life . Baederker'sche publishing bookstore. Viersen and Dülken. 1974
- FW Lohmann: History of the city of Viersen from the oldest times to the present . Publishing house of the city of Viersen. 1913
- Karl L. Mackes: From the prehistory, early and settlement history of the city of Viersen . Publishing house of the city of Viersen. 1956
- Albert Pauly: Sculpture Collection Viersen . In: Clams. Annual journal for literature and graphics . No. 41. Viersen 2001. ISSN 0085-3593
- Viersen series . Contributions to a city . Association for Home Care eV Viersen. Verlag Buchhandlung Eckers, Viersen No. 1 (1982) to last volume 32 (2006). Some exemplary outputs:
- Karl Aymanns, Karl Fonyo: History of the community Boisheim . No. 11 (1987)
- Walter Tillmann: Viersen industrial history using the example of the textile factory Pongs & Zahn . No. 21 (1998). ISBN 3-9805339-2-1
- Karl L. Mackes: The Alt-Viersener street names. Their origin, explanation and interpretation . No. 23 (2001). ISBN 3-9805339-4-8
- Gunnar Schirrmacher: The Siegfried. Approaching a monument in Dülken . No. 24 (2002). ISBN 3-9805339-6-4
Web links
- Website of the city of Viersen
- Heimatverein Viersen
- Helenabrunn - Ummer - Ompert + Bötzlöh - memories
- Viersen inside
- Monuments in the city of Viersen
- Events in Viersen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 29, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Viersen of December 14 , 1994 , accessed on 2, 2015
- ^ City of Viersen: facts and figures , official website of the city of Viersen, accessed on October 23, 2017
- ↑ October 2 : Battle of Aldenhoven ; October 3 : The citadel of Jülich is handed over to the French without a fight; October 4th : The French march into Mönchengladbach ; occupy Cologne on October 6th and take Koblenz on October 23rd
- ↑ 1866 Viersen-Kaldenkirchen-Venlo railway , 1878 Neuss – Viersen railway , 1886 transfer track for the Viersen – Niep railway
- ↑ Klaus Marcus: The last days Viersen Dülken, Süchteln. Report on the capture of Viersen, Dülken, Süchteln and Boisheim by the 9th US Army on March 1, 1945. 1984, 2nd edition
- ^ Rheinische Post , September 19, 2012: Hail of bombs over Viersen
- ^ Franziska Hein (rp-online.de October 7, 2014): How the textile from Viersen disappeared
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 115 .
- ↑ Rudolf H. Müller (Oberkreisdirektor des Landkreis Kempen-Krefeld ): The report 1968 , published in the Heimatbuch des Landkreis Kempen-Krefeld 1969 ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Kempen (Ndrh) 1968
- ↑ Lower Rhine municipal computing center: City of Viersen ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed June 13, 2014
- ↑ Stadtmagazin Viersen: Final result of the runoff election ( memento of the original from October 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Marcus Evers: The mayors of Viersen from 1800 to 1969. In: Heimatbuch des Kreises Viersen . Viersen 2008 and 2009
- ↑ http://www.erasmus-viersen.de/erasmus/partetzung/fr/2003/images/zeitung_89.jpg
- ↑ http://www.erasmus-viersen.de/erasmus/partetzung/fr/2003/images/zeitung_65_fr.jpg
- ↑ http://www.erasmus-viersen.de/erasmus/partektiven/fr/2003/geschichte.htm
- ↑ http://www.viersen.de/C125704A004B545A/html/0933496F4EEE930DC125716400349CBE?OpenDocument
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Tanzsportverein Viersen - Wheelchair Dance , accessed on December 5, 2011
- ↑ https://www.schiefbahn-riders.de
- ↑ Rheinische Post from May 15, 2008
- ↑ About Viersen blooms on www.viersen-blueht.de
- ^ Maria Franconia: Lower Rhine cuisine . Viersen 1995
- ↑ GMG Viersen: Business location Viersen
- ↑ Ulrich Meier: Kaiser, Josef. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-428-00192-3 , p. 43 ( digitized version ).
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