high jump

Stefan Holm during the 2007 World Athletics Championships in Osaka

High jump is a discipline in athletics in which an athlete tries to achieve the greatest possible height while jumping over a bar. The bar is four meters long and placed on two stands so that it falls down when you touch it lightly. The high jump is held as an individual discipline and as a sub-discipline of all-around competitions such as the heptathlon and the decathlon .

In the course of time, the jumping technique has been changed again and again, so that you can now jump much greater heights than your own body size. The best men reach over 2.40 meters (world record: 2.45 m by Javier Sotomayor on July 27, 1993), the best women over 2.05 meters (world record: 2.09 m by Stefka Kostadinowa 1987). The high jump has been an Olympic discipline for men since 1896 and for women since 1928 . From 1900 to 1912 , a standing vault competition was also held at the Olympic Games .

history

The high jump was not yet a discipline of the ancient Olympic Games , but has been handed down as a competition of the Celts . In England there were high jump competitions from the middle of the 19th century. Women's competitions were first held in the United States in 1895 . At the Olympic Games, the high jump has been part of the program for men since the first games in 1896 , and for women since 1928 (the first games with women in athletic disciplines).

As early as 1865, the rules that are valid up to the present day were formulated for competitions in England, according to which three attempts are allowed for each height, after a failed attempt no lower height may be tried and one must jump off with one foot.

Since 1925 the contact surfaces for the lath have to face each other, so that a mere touch leads to tearing. Up until 1936 it was stipulated that the feet must be the first part of the body to cross the bar. Nowadays you cross the bar head first.

Milestones

• Men
  • First over six feet (1,828 m): Marshall Brooks ( GBR ), 1876
  • First world record officially recognized by the IAAF : 2.00 m, George Horine ( USA ), May 18, 1912, Palo Alto
  • First over 2.05 meters: 2.06 m, Walter Marty ( USA ), April 28, 1934, Palo Alto
  • First over 2.10 m: 2.11 m, Lester Steers ( USA ), June 17, 1941, Los Angeles
  • First over 2.2 meters: 2.22 meters, John Thomas ( USA ), 1960
  • First over 8 feet: 9 feet, Dwight Stones ( USA ), 1973
  • First over 2.40 meters: 2.40 m, Rudolf Powarnizyn ( URS ), 1985
  • First over 2.45 meters: 2.45 m, Javier Sotomayor ( CUB ), July 27, 1993 in Salamanca
• Women
  • First over 1.70 meters: 1.71 m, Fanny Blankers-Koen ( NED ), 1943
  • First over 1.80 meters: 1.80 m, Iolanda Balaș ( ROM ), 1958
  • First over 1.90 meters: 1.90 m, Iolanda Balaș ( ROM ), 1961
  • First over 2 meters: 2.00 m, Rosemarie Ackermann ( GDR ), 1977
  • First over 2.05 meters: 2.05 m, Tamara Bykowa ( URS ), 1984

Franklin Jacobs ( USA ) achieved the greatest difference between body height and jump height - 59 centimeters - : At a height of 1.73 m, he jumped over 2.32 m in 1978. This was also achieved in 2005 by Stefan Holm , who jumped over 2.40 m when he was 1.81 m tall. For women, the best mark of 35 centimeters is held by the Italian Antonietta Di Martino , who jumped 2.04 m indoors in February 2011, her best mark outdoors is 2.03 m. Di Martino is 1.69 m tall. After her, the Greek Niki Bakogianni , who jumped 2.03 m at 1.71 m in 1996, jumped the second largest difference with 32 centimeters.

Most successful athlete

• Iolanda Balaș ( ROM ), 1960 and 1964, and Ulrike Meyfarth ( FRG ), 1972 and 1984 , were both two-time Olympic champions
• Sara Simeoni ( ITA ) won gold once and twice silver at the Olympic Games, gold in 1980 , silver in 1976 and 1984 .
• Con Leahy ( IRL ), 1906 gold, 1908 silver, Waleri Brumel ( URS ), 1964 gold, 1960 silver, Jacek Wszoła ( POL ), 1976 gold, 1980 silver and Javier Sotomayor ( CUB ) won gold and silver each at the Olympic Games , 1992 gold, 2000 silver.
• Javier Sotomayor ( CUB ) won two gold and two silver medals at world championships : he won in 1993 and 1997 and came second in 1991 and 1995 .
• Stefka Kostadinowa ( BUL ) was twice world champion in 1987 and 1995 , Hestrie Cloete ( RSA ) in 2001 and 2003 and Blanka Vlašić ( CRO ) in 2007 and 2009 .

techniques

There are various techniques for crossing the bar. However, it is imperative that you only jump off with one leg.

The oldest technique in high jump is the frontal squat . You just walk towards the bar and jump off powerfully. The arms and the talus are pulled upwards (like in a crouch). Then pull your legs, which are still crouched, towards your body. After crossing the bar, you landed feet first on the mat. The height you have reached is by no means comparable to the height you reach on the Fosbury flop , as the center of gravity is higher than the bar with this technique.

Shear crack

For a long time, the dominant feature was the shear jump , in which the jumper crossed the bar with an upright torso, with the leg closest to the bar being thrown straight up to cross the bar. The shear crack was first shown by William Page ( USA ) in 1874.

Roll jump by Rosemarie Witschas, June 23, 1974

It was replaced by the roll jump and later the tome or straddle , in which the jumper crosses the bar on his stomach. The talus is the leg closest to the crossbar, while the swinging leg describes an arc up over the crossbar. In the highest perfection, as a dipping roll, it is almost equal to the now common flop. The last significant straddle jumper was the Russian Vladimir Yashchenko , who started for the USSR , who set world records in 1977 and 1978 with 2.33 m, 2.34 m and (in the hall, therefore unofficial) 2.35 m. The first 2-meter jumper, Rosemarie Ackermann , also used the straddle.

Fosbury flop and movement of the center of gravity when jumping (exaggerated representation)

After soft mats were laid behind the bar, it was possible to develop other methods. The method currently practiced was developed by the American Dick Fosbury , who won gold with it at the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City . Ten years earlier it was Fritz Pingl who presented this type of jump at the Austrian athletics championships for the first time. However, it did not attract international attention, as Fritz Pingl never took part in international championships. The jumper runs a curve when approaching, turns his trunk when jumping or in the climbing phase and crosses the bar backwards. With the flop, Ulrike Meyfarth became a surprise Olympic champion in 1972 at the age of 16.

In the case of the flop, a distinction is made between the "speed flop", in which the jumper jumps off from a high starting speed, and the "power flop", in which the jumper gains more altitude from jumping. The jump is flatter with the Speedflop (45 to 55 °) with the Powerflop steeper (55 to 65 °). The flight parabola is consequently flatter and longer for the speed flop, and steeper and shorter for the power flop. Depending on their disposition, each jumper looks for his or her own optimal parameters (approach speed, jump angle, crossing behavior).

The flop style finally caught on with all leading jumpers after 1980. Further techniques are parallel back roll jump and shear-sweep jump.

Competition Regulations

The starting height and the gradients (at least two centimeters) for the high jump will be announced before the competition, and each athlete must state his entry height. Each athlete is entitled to three attempts per round - i.e. height. However, he does not have to carry out the three attempts above this height. B. after two failed attempts to forego the third attempt, which means that he must perform this third attempt at the next altitude. In this case, he has only one attempt above this height. After three consecutive unsuccessful attempts - regardless of the jump height - he has no right to further jumps. If an athlete renounces one height, he may only try the next one again. If there is only one athlete left in the competition and he has won it, he can determine the further increases in altitude himself.
All jump heights are measured in whole centimeters, whereby the upper edge of the bar is decisive. Since the staff sags slightly (a maximum of two centimeters is allowed), the center of the staff is measured exactly perpendicular to the floor.

The following facts are assessed as a failed attempt (the decision on this is made by the high jump chairman):

• The athlete does not jump off one foot.
• The athlete touches the bar during the jump in such a way that it does not remain on the supports (if the bar is blown off the trailers by a gust of wind, this is not a failed attempt - if it lies down after being touched, this is not a failed attempt).
• A white line is marked vertically under the jump bar on the side and between the posts, the front edge of which exactly matches the front edge of the jump bar. If the athlete touches this line, the floor behind it or the mat with any part of his body before crossing the bar, this is to be assessed as a failed attempt.
• The test time must not be exceeded. With more than three competitors it is one minute, with two or three athletes one and a half minutes; if there is only one athlete left in the competition, he may take a maximum of three minutes for his attempt. If an athlete has to start the next attempt immediately because of a failed attempt, he has a max. 2 minutes available.

Determination of ranking / tie / playoff

The winner is the athlete with the highest jumped height. In the event of a tie, the athlete with the lower number of attempts over the last jumped height is better placed. If there is still a tie, the total number of unsuccessful attempts including the last amount skipped is determined. The athlete with the lower number is better placed.

For a better understanding, here is a stylized competition protocol (O = valid, X = failed attempt, - = waived, above mentioned = no valid attempt):

athlete	1.87	1.90	1.93	1.96	1.99	2.02	Verse.	Wrong	height	space
A.	-	-	XO	XO	XO	XXX	2	3	1.99	1
B.	O	-	O	O	XXX		1	0	1.96	3
C.	O	-	XO	XO	X--	XX	2	2	1.96	4th
D.	-	XO	O	XXO	XXO	XXX	3	5	1.99	2
E.	-	-	-	XXX					o. g. V.

If all these criteria are taken into account, if there is still a tie in first place, there is a playoff. If the tie does not affect first place, the athletes are tied.

The playoff is as follows:

The equal competitors make another attempt over the next height after the successfully jumped height. If they all make it, the bar is raised two centimeters; if they all tear, it is lowered two centimeters. Until a decision is made, only one attempt is made over each height.

The following example shows the playoff between the two leaders of a competition:

athlete	1.87	1.90	1.93	1.96	1.99	2.02	2.05	Verse.	Wrong	height	2.02	2.00	2.02	2.04	height	space
A.	-	-	O	XO	XO	XXX		2	2	1.99	X	O	O	X	2.02	2
B.	-	XO	O	O	XO	-	XXX	2	2	1.99	X	O	O	O	2.04	1

Note: In the case of German athletics competitions, the head of the competition determines whether there is a playoff (IWR R 181.8)

statistics

Olympic Games medalist

Men

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1896	Ellery Clark	James Connolly Robert Garrett	-
1900	Irving Baxter	Patrick Leahy	Lajos Gönczy
1904	Samuel Jones	Garrett Serviss	Paul Weinstein
1906	Con Leahy	Lajos Gönczy	Themistoklis Diakidis Herbert Kerrigan
1908	Harry Porter	Géo André Con Leahy István Somodi	-
1912	Alma Richards	Hans Liesche	George Horine
1920	Richmond Landon	Harold Muller	Bo Ekelund
1924	Harold Osborn	Leroy Brown	Pierre Lewden
1928	Bob King	Benjamin Hedges	Claude Ménard
1932	Duncan McNaughton	Bob Van Osdel	Simeon Toribio
1936	Cornelius Johnson	Dave Albritton	Delos Thurber
1948	John Winter	Bjorn Paulson	George Stanich
1952	Walt Davis	Ken Wiesner	José Telles da Conceição
1956	Charles Dumas	Chilla Porter	Igor Kashkarov
1960	Robert Schawlakadze	Valeri Brumel	John Thomas
1964	Valeri Brumel	John Thomas	John Rambo
1968	Dick Fosbury	Ed Caruthers	Valentin Gavrilov
1972	Jüri Tarmak	Stefan Junge	Dwight Stones
1976	Jacek Wszoła	Greg Joy	Dwight Stones
1980	Gerd Wessig	Jacek Wszoła	Jörg Freimuth
1984	Dietmar Mögenburg	Patrik Sjöberg	Zhu Jianhua
1988	Hennadij Avdjejenko	Hollis Conway	Rudolf Powarnitsyn Patrik Sjöberg
1992	Javier Sotomayor	Patrik Sjöberg	Hollis Conway Tim Forsyth Artur Partyka
1996	Charles Austin	Artur Partyka	Steve Smith
2000	Sergei Kljugin	Javier Sotomayor	Abderrahmane Hammad
2004	Stefan Holm	Matt Hemingway	Jaroslav Bába
2008	Andrei Silnow	Germaine Mason	Yaroslav Rybakov
2012	Iwan Uchow (revoked in 2019)	Erik Kynard	Mutaz Essa Barshim Derek Drouin Robert Grabarz
2016	Derek Drouin	Mutaz Essa Barshim	Bohdan Bondarenko

Women

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1928	Ethel Catherwood	Lien Gisolf	Mildred Wiley
1932	Jean Shiley	Mildred Didrikson Zaharias	Eva Dawes
1936	Ibolya Csák	Dorothy Odam	Elfriede Kaun
1948	Alice Coachman	Dorothy Tyler	Micheline Ostermeyer
1952	Esther Brand	Sheila Lerwill	Aleksandra Chudina
1956	Mildred McDaniel	Thelma Hopkins Marija Pissarewa	-
1960	Iolanda Balaș	Jarosława Jóźwiakowska Dorothy Shirley	-
1964	Iolanda Balaș	Michele Brown	Taissija Tschentschik
1968	Milena Rezková	Antonina Okorokova	Walentyna Kosyr
1972	Ulrike Meyfarth	Jordanka Blagoewa	Ilona Gusenbauer
1976	Rosemarie Ackermann	Sara Simeoni	Jordanka Blagoewa
1980	Sara Simeoni	Urszula Kielan	Jutta Kirst
1984	Ulrike Meyfarth	Sara Simeoni	Joni Huntley
1988	Louise Ritter	Stefka Kostadinova	Tamara Bykowa
1992	Heike Henkel	Alina Astafei	Ioamnet Quintero
1996	Stefka Kostadinova	Niki Bakogianni	Inga Babakova
2000	Jelena Jelesina	Hestrie Cloete	Kajsa Bergqvist Oana Pantelimon
2004	Jelena Slessarenko	Hestrie Cloete	Viktoriya Styopina
2008	Tia Hellebaut	Blanka Vlašić	Anna Chicherova
2012	Anna Chicherova	Brigetta Barrett	Svetlana Schkolina
2016	Ruth Beitia	Mirela Demirewa	Blanka Vlašić

World Championships medalist

Men

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1983	Hennadij Avdjejenko	Tyke Peacock	Zhu Jianhua
1987	Patrik Sjöberg	Igor Paklin	Hennadij Avdjejenko
1991	Charles Austin	Javier Sotomayor	Hollis Conway
1993	Javier Sotomayor	Artur Partyka	Steve Smith
1995	Troy Kemp	Javier Sotomayor	Artur Partyka
1997	Javier Sotomayor	Artur Partyka	Tim Forsyth
1999	Vyacheslav Voronin	Mark Boswell	Martin Buss
2001	Martin Buss	Yaroslav Rybakov	Vyacheslav Voronin
2003	Jacques Friday	Stefan Holm	Mark Boswell
2005	Yuri Krymarenko	Víctor Moya Yaroslav Rybakov	-
2007	Donald Thomas	Yaroslav Rybakov	Kyriakos Ioannou
2009	Yaroslav Rybakov	Kyriakos Ioannou	Raúl Spank Sylwester Bednarek
2011	Jesse Williams	Alexei Dmitrik	Trevor Barry
2013	Bohdan Bondarenko	Mutaz Essa Barshim	Derek Drouin
2015	Derek Drouin	Zhang Guowei Bohdan Bondarenko	-
2017	Mutaz Essa Barshim	Danil Lysenko	Majd Eddin Ghazal
2019	Mutaz Essa Barshim	Mikhail Akimenko	Ilya Ivanyuk

Women

year	gold medal	Silver medal	Bronze medal
1983	Tamara Bykowa	Ulrike Meyfarth	Louise Ritter
1987	Stefka Kostadinova	Tamara Bykowa	Susanne Beyer
1991	Heike Henkel	Jelena Jelesina	Inha Babakowa
1993	Ioamnet Quintero	Silvia Costa	Sigrid Kirchmann
1995	Stefka Kostadinova	Alina Astafei	Inha Babakowa
1997	Hanne Haugland	Olga Kaliturina Inha Babakowa	-
1999	Inha Babakowa	Jelena Jelesina	Svetlana Lapina
2001	Hestrie Cloete	Inha Babakowa	Kajsa Bergqvist
2003	Hestrie Cloete	Marina Kupzowa	Kajsa Bergqvist
2005	Kajsa Bergqvist	Chaunte Howard	Emma Green
2007	Blanka Vlašić	Antonietta Di Martino Anna Chicherova	-
2009	Blanka Vlašić	Ariane Friedrich	Antonietta Di Martino
2011	Anna Chicherova	Blanka Vlašić	Antonietta Di Martino
2013	Svetlana Schkolina	Brigetta Barrett	Ruth Beitia Anna Chicherova
2015	Maria Kuchina	Blanka Vlašić	Anna Chicherova
2017	Marija Lassizkene	Julia Levchenko	Kamila Lićwinko
2019	Marija Lassizkene	Yaroslav Mahuchik	Vashti Cunningham

See also

• Olympic medalist
• Medalist at world championships
• Olympic medalists
• Medal winners at world championships

World record development

Men

Height (m)	Surname	date	place
Official world records of the IAAF
2.00	George Horine	May 18, 1912	Palo Alto
2.01	Edward Beeson	May 2, 1914	Berkeley
2.03	Harold Osborn	May 27, 1924	Urbana
2.04	Walter Marty	May 13, 1933	Fresno
2.06	Walter Marty	April 28, 1934	Palo Alto
2.07	Cornelius Johnson	July 12, 1936	new York
2.07	Dave Albritton	July 12, 1936	new York
2.09	Mel Walker	August 12, 1937	Malmo
2.11	Lester Steers	June 17, 1941	los Angeles
2.12	Walt Davis	June 27, 1953	Dayton
2.15	Charles Dumas	June 29, 1956	los Angeles
2.16	Yuri Stepanov	July 13, 1957	Leningrad
2.17	John Thomas	April 30, 1960	Philadelphia
2.17	John Thomas	May 21, 1960	Cambridge
2.18	John Thomas	June 24, 1960	Bakersfield
2.22	John Thomas	July 1, 1960	Palo Alto
2.23	Valery Brumel	June 18, 1961	Moscow
2.24	Valery Brumel	July 16, 1961	Moscow
2.25	Valery Brumel	August 31, 1961	Sofia
2.26	Valery Brumel	July 22, 1962	Palo Alto
2.27	Valery Brumel	September 29, 1962	Moscow
2.28	Valery Brumel	July 21, 1963	Moscow
2.29	Pat Matzdorf	3rd July 1971	Berkeley
2.30	Dwight Stones	July 11, 1973	Munich
2.31	Dwight Stones	5th June 1976	Philadelphia
2.32	Dwight Stones	4th August 1976	Philadelphia
2.33	Vladimir Yashchenko	3rd July 1977	Richmond
2.34	Vladimir Yashchenko	June 16, 1978	Tbilisi
2.35	Jacek Wszoła	May 25, 1980	Eberstadt
2.35	Dietmar Mögenburg	May 26, 1980	Rehlingen
2.36	Gerd Wessig	August 1, 1980	Moscow
2.37	Zhu Jianhua	June 11, 1983	Beijing
2.38	Zhu Jianhua	September 22, 1983	Shanghai
2.39	Zhu Jianhua	June 10, 1984	Eberstadt
2.40	Rudolf Powarnitsyn	August 11, 1985	Donetsk
2.41	Igor Paklin	4th September 1985	Kobe
2.42	Patrik Sjöberg	June 30, 1987	Stockholm
2.42 H *	Carlo Thränhardt	February 26, 1988	Berlin
2.43	Javier Sotomayor	September 8, 1988	Salamanca
2.44	Javier Sotomayor	July 29, 1989	San Juan
2.45	Javier Sotomayor	July 27, 1993	Salamanca

H: Scored in the hall.

*: Best performance was canceled as an open-air world and European record. This best performance was the first indoor world record, which was also ratified as an outdoor world record. This was made possible by a rule that existed from 1988 to 1989. Indoor records could be ratified as outdoor records if they were achieved under conditions comparable to those in an outdoor stadium. Individually, this meant no banked turns, no wooden floors or wooden running tracks. Some spectators at the meeting at which this top performance was set complained that the flexible parquet flooring under the synthetic jump area gave Thränhardt an unfair advantage. An appraisal of the system commissioned by the IAAF confirmed that it was in compliance with the rules. Nonetheless, this best was canceled as an outdoor world record in 1991. Furthermore, this best performance is valid as a former indoor world record and current indoor European record.

Women

Height (m)	Surname	date	place
1.46 *	Nancy Vorhees	May 20, 1922	Simsbury
1.485 *	Elizabeth Stine	May 20, 1923	Leonia
1.485 *	Mary Heath	August 6, 1923	Brentwood
1.524 *	Phyllis Green	July 11, 1925	London
1.552 *	Phyllis Green	August 2, 1926	London
1.58 *	Ethel Catherwood	September 6, 1926	Regina
1.58 *	Lien Gisolf	July 3, 1928	Brussels
1.595 *	Ethel Catherwood	August 5, 1928	Amsterdam
1.605 *	Lien Gisolf	August 18, 1929	Amsterdam
1.62 *	Lien Gisolf	June 12, 1932	Amsterdam
Official world records of the IAAF
1.65	Jean Shiley	August 7, 1932	los Angeles
1.65	Mildred Didrikson Zaharias	August 7, 1932	los Angeles
1.66	Dorothy Tyler	May 29, 1939	Brentwood
1.66	Esther Brand	March 29, 1941	Stellenbosch
1.66	Ilsebill Pfenning	July 27, 1941	Lugano
1.71	Fanny Blankers-Koen	May 30, 1943	Amsterdam
1.72	Sheila Lerwill	July 7, 1951	London
1.73	Alexandra Tschudina	May 22, 1954	Kiev
1.74	Thelma Hopkins	May 5th 1956	Belfast
1.75	Iolanda Balaș	July 14, 1956	Bucharest
1.76	Mildred McDaniel	1st December 1956	Melbourne
1.76	Iolanda Balaș	October 13, 1957	Bucharest
1.77	Zheng Fengrong	17th November 1957	Beijing
1.78	Iolanda Balaș	June 7, 1958	Bucharest
1.80	Iolanda Balaș	June 22, 1958	Cluj
1.81	Iolanda Balaș	July 31, 1958	Poiana Brasov
1.82	Iolanda Balaș	4th October 1958	Bucharest
1.83	Iolanda Balaș	October 18, 1958	Bucharest
1.84	Iolanda Balaș	September 21, 1959	Bucharest
1.85	Iolanda Balaș	June 6, 1960	Bucharest
1.86	Iolanda Balaș	July 10, 1960	Bucharest
1.87	Iolanda Balaș	04/15/1961	Bucharest
1.88	Iolanda Balaș	June 18, 1961	Warsaw
1.90	Iolanda Balaș	July 8, 1961	Budapest
1.91	Iolanda Balaș	July 16, 1961	Sofia
1.92	Ilona Gusenbauer	4th September 1971	Vienna
1.92	Ulrike Nasse-Meyfarth	4th September 1972	Munich
1.94	Jordanka Blagoewa	September 24, 1972	Zagreb
1.94	Rosemarie Witschas	August 24, 1974	Berlin
1.95	Rosemarie Witschas	September 8, 1974	Rome
1.96	Rosemarie Witschas	May 8, 1976	Dresden
1.96	Rosemarie Ackermann	3rd July 1977	Dresden
1.97	Rosemarie Ackermann	August 14, 1977	Helsinki
1.97	Rosemarie Ackermann	August 26, 1977	Berlin
2.00	Rosemarie Ackermann	August 26, 1977	Berlin
2.01	Sara Simeoni	4th August 1978	Brescia
2.01	Sara Simeoni	August 31, 1978	Prague
2.02	Ulrike Nasse-Meyfarth	September 8, 1982	Athens
2.03	Ulrike Nasse-Meyfarth	August 21, 1983	London
2.03	Tamara Bykowa	August 21, 1983	London
2.04	Tamara Bykowa	August 25, 1983	Pisa
2.05	Tamara Bykowa	June 22, 1984	Kiev
2.07	Lyudmila Andonova	July 20, 1984	Berlin
2.07	Stefka Kostadinova	May 25, 1986	Sofia
2.08	Stefka Kostadinova	May 31, 1986	Sofia
2.09	Stefka Kostadinova	August 30, 1987	Rome

*: Recognized as a world record by the Women's Sports Organization FSFI , prior to the registration of women's world records by the International Athletics Federation IAAF .

More records

(As of September 2016)

record	Height (m)	Surname	date	place
Olympic record (M)	2.39	Charles Austin	July 28, 1996	Atlanta
Olympic record (F)	2.06	Yelena Vladimirovna Slessarenko	August 28, 2004	Athens
Junior world record (M)	2.37	Dragutin Topić	August 12, 1990	Plovdiv
		Steve Smith	20th September 1992	Seoul
Junior world record (F)	2.01	Olga Turchak	July 7, 1986	Moscow
		Heike Balck	June 18, 1989	Karl Marx City
Youth World Record (M)	2.33	Javier Sotomayor	May 19, 1984	Havana
Youth World Record (F)	1.96	Charmaine Gale-Weavers	April 4th 1981	Bloemfontein
		Olga Turchak	September 7, 1984	Donetsk
		Eleanor Patterson	December 7, 2013	Townsville
		Vashti Cunningham	August 1, 2015	Edmonton
German national  record (M) - indoor record	2.37 2.42	Carlo Thränhardt	September 2, 1984 February 26, 1988	Rieti Berlin
German national  record (F) - indoor record	2.06 2.07	Ariane Friedrich Heike Henkel	June 14, 2009 February 8, 1992	Berlin Karlsruhe
Austrian national record (M)	2.28	Markus Einberger	May 18, 1986	Schwechat
Austrian national record (F)	1.97	Sigrid Kirchmann	August 21, 1993	Stuttgart
Swiss National Record (M)	2.32	Roland Dalhauser	March 6, 1982	Milan
Swiss National Record (F)	1.95	Sieglinde Cadusch	September 1, 1995	Marietta

World best list

The list only includes heights skipped outdoors. A = performance achieved under altitude conditions.

Men

All jumpers over 2.36 meters and higher.

Last change: August 27, 2018

1. 2.45 m Javier Sotomayor , Salamanca , July 27, 1993 
2. 2.43 m Mutaz Essa Barshim , Brussels , 5th September 2014 
3. 2.42 m Patrik Sjöberg , Stockholm , June 30, 1987 
4. 2.42 m Bohdan Bondarenko , New York , June 14, 2014 
5. 2.41 m Igor Paklin , Kobe , September 4, 1985 
6. 2.41 m Iwan Sergejewitsch Uchow , Doha , May 9, 2014 
7. 2.40 m Rudolf Powarnitsyn , Donetsk August 11, 1985 
8. 2.40 m Sorin Matei , Bratislava , June 20, 1990 
9. 2.40 m Charles Austin , Zurich , August 7, 1991 
10. 2.40 m Vyacheslav Voronin , London , August 5, 2000 
11. 2.40 m Derek Drouin , Des Moines , April 25, 2014 
12. 2.40 m Andrij Prozenko , Lausanne July 3, 2014 
13. 2.40 m Danil Lyssenko , Monaco , July 20, 2018 
14. 2.39 m Zhu Jianhua , Eberstadt , June 10, 1984 
15. 2.39 m Hollis Conway , Norman , July 30, 1989 
16. 2.39 m Gianmarco Tamberi , Monaco , July 15, 2016 
17. 2.38 m Hennadij Awdjejenko , Rome , 6 September 1987 
18. 2.38 m Sergei Maltschenko , Banska Bystrica , September 4, 1988 
19. 2.38 m Dragutin Topić , Belgrade , August 1, 1993 
20. 2.38 m Troy Kemp , Nice , July 12, 1995 
21. 2.38 m Artur Partyka , Eberstadt , August 18, 1996 
22. 2.38 m Jacques Freitag , Oudtshoorn , March 5, 2005 
23. 2.38 m Andrij Sokolowskyj , Rome , July 8, 2005 
24. 2.38 m Andrei Silnow , London , 25 July 2008 
25. 2.38 m Zhang Guowei , Eugene , May 30, 2015 
26. 2.37 m Valeri Sereda , Rieti , September 2, 1984 
27. 2.37 m Carlo Thränhardt , Rieti , September 2, 1984 ( German record ) 
28. 2.37 m Tom McCants , Columbus , May 8, 1988 
29. 2.37 m Jerome Carter , Columbus , May 8, 1988 
30. 2.37 m Serhiy Dymchenko , Kiev , September 16, 1990 
31. 2.37 m Steve Smith , Seoul , September 20, 1992 
32. 2.37 m Stefan Holm , Athens , July 13, 2008 
33. 2.37 m Jesse Williams , Eugene , June 26, 2011 
34. 2.37 m Robert Grabarzy , Lausanne , 23 August 2012 
35. 2.37 m Erik Kynard , Lausanne , July 4, 2013 
36. 2.37 m Donald Thomas , Székesfehérvár , July 18, 2016 
37. 2.36 m Gerd Wessig , Moscow , August 1, 1980 
38. 2.36 m Sergei Sassimowitsch , Tashkent , May 5, 1984 
39. 2.36 m Dietmar Mögenburg , Eberstadt , June 10, 1984 
40. 2.36 m Eddy Annys , Gent , May 26, 1985 
41. 2.36 m Jim Howard , Rehlingen , June 8, 1987 
42. 2.36 m Ján Zvara , Prague , 23 August 1987 
43. 2.36 m Clarence Saunders , Auckland , February 1, 1990 
44. 2.36 m Doug Nordquist , Norwalk , June 15, 1990 
45. 2.36 m Georgi Dakow , Brussels , 10 August 1990 
46. 2.36 m Dalton Grant , Tokyo , September 1, 1991 
47. 2.36 m Lábros Papakóstas , Athens , June 21, 1992 
48. 2.36 m Tim Forsyth , Melbourne , March 2, 1997 
49. 2.36 m Steinar Hoen , Oslo , July 1, 1997 
50. 2.36 m Sergei Kljugin , Zurich , August 12, 1998 
51. 2.36 m Konstantin Matusevich , Perth , February 5, 2000 
52. 2.36 m Martin Buss , Edmonton , August 8, 2001 
53. 2.36 m Aleksander Walerianczyk , Bydgoszcz , July 20, 2003 
54. 2.36 m Michal Bieniek , Biała Podlaska , May 28, 2005 
55. 2.36 m Jaroslav Bába , Rome , July 8, 2005 
56. 2.36 m Dusty Jonas , Boulder , May 18, 2008 
57. 2.36 m Alexei Dmitrik , Cheboksary , July 23, 2011 
58. 2.36 m Aleksandr Schustow , Cheboksary , July 23, 2011 
59. 2.36 m Majd Eddin Ghazal , Beijing , May 18, 2016 
60. 2.36 m Dzmitryj Nabokau , Brest , May 25, 2018 
61. 2.36 m Brandon Starc , Eberstadt , August 26, 2018 

• Austrian record: 2.28 m Markus Einberger , Schwechat , May 18, 1986
• Swiss record: 2.32 Roland Dalhäuser , Milan , March 6, 1982

Women

All jumpers over 2.00 meters or higher.

Last change: September 30, 2019

1. 2.09 m Stefka Kostadinowa , Rome , August 30, 1987 
2. 2.08 m Blanka Vlašić , Zagreb , August 31, 2009 
3. 2.07 m Lyudmila Andonowa , Berlin , July 20, 1984 
4. 2.07 m Anna Tschitscherowa , Tscheboksary , July 22, 2011 
5. 2.06 m Kajsa Bergqvist , Eberstadt , July 26, 2003 
6. 2.06 m Hestrie Cloete , Paris , August 31, 2003 
7. 2.06 m Jelena Slessarenko , Athens , August 28, 2004 
8. 2.06 m Ariane Friedrich , Berlin , June 14, 2009 ( German record ) 
9. 2.06 m Marija Lassizkene , Lausanne , July 6, 2017 
10. 2.05 m Tamara Bykowa , Kiev , June 22, 1984 
11. 2.05 m Heike Henkel , Tokyo , August 31, 1991 
12. 2.05 m Inha Babakowa , Tokyo , September 15, 1995 
13. 2.05 m Tia Hellebaut , Beijing , 23 August 2008 
14. 2.05 m Chaunté Howard Lowe , Des Moines , June 26, 2010 
15. 2.04 m Silvia Costa , Barcelona , September 9, 1989 
16. 2.04 m Wenelina Wenewa-Mateewa , Kalamata , June 2, 2001 
17. 2.04 m Irina Gordejewa , Eberstadt , August 19, 2012 
18. 2.04 m Brigetta Barrett , Des Moines , June 22, 2013 
19. 2.04 m Jaroslawa Mahutschich , Doha , September 30, 2019 
20. 2.03 m Ulrike Meyfarth , London , 21 August 1983 
21. 2.03 m Louise Ritter , Austin , July 8, 1988 
22. 2.03 m Tatjana Babaschkina , Bratislava , May 30, 1995 
23. 2.03 m Níki Bakogiánni , Atlanta , August 3, 1996 
24. 2.03 m Antonietta Di Martino , Milan , June 24, 2007 
25. 2.03 m Swetlana Schkolina , Tscheboksary , 4th July 2012 
26. 2.02 m Jelena Jelessina , Seattle , July 23, 1990 
27. 2.02 m Monica Iagăr , Budapest , June 6, 1998 
28. 2.02 m Ruth Beitia , San Sebastian , August 4th 2007 
29. 2.02 m Marina Kupzowa , Hengelo , June 1, 2003 
30. 2.02 m Wita Stjopina , Athens , August 28, 2004 
31. 2.02 m Elena Vallortigara , London , 22 July 2018 
32. 2.02 m Nafissatou Thiam , Talence , June 22, 2019 
33. 2.02 m Julija Levtschenko , Minsk , September 10, 2019 
34. 2.01 m Sara Simeoni , Brescia , 4th August 1978 
35. 2.01 m Olga Turtschak , Moscow , July 7, 1986 
36. 2.01 m (A) Desiré Du Plessis , Johannesburg , September 16, 1986 
37. 2.01 m Heike Balck , Karl-Marx-Stadt , June 18, 1989 
38. 2.01 m Alina Astafei , Wörrstadt , May 27, 1995 
39. 2.01 m Hanne Haugland , Zurich , August 13, 1997 
40. 2.01 m Jelena Guljajewa , Kalamata , May 23, 1998 
41. 2.01 m Wita Palamar , Zurich , August 15, 2003 
42. 2.01 m Amy Acuff , Zurich , August 15, 2003 
43. 2.01 m Iryna Mychaltschenko , Eberstadt , July 18, 2004 
44. 2.01 m Emma Green , Barcelona , August 1, 2010 
45. 2.00 m Rosemarie Ackermann , Berlin , August 26, 1977 
46. 2.00 m (A) Charmaine Gale-Weavers , Pretoria , March 25, 1985 
47. 2.00 m Ljudmyla Avdjejenko , Bryansk , July 17, 1987 
48. 2.00 m Swetlana Issaewa-Lessewa , Drama , August 8, 1987 
49. 2.00 m Larissa Kositsyna , Chelyabinsk , July 16, 1988 
50. 2.00 m Jan Wohlschlag , Oslo , July 1, 1989 
51. 2.00 m Yolanda Henry , Seville , May 30, 1990 
52. 2.00 m Biljana Petrović , Saint-Denis , June 22, 1990 
53. 2.00 m Tazzjana Scheutschyk , Homel , May 14, 1993 
54. 2.00 m Ioamnet Quintero , Monaco , 7 August 1993 
55. 2.00 m Britta Bilac , Helsinki , August 14, 1994 
56. 2.00 m Tisha Waller , Walnut , April 18, 1999 
57. 2.00 m Zuzana Hlavonová , Prague , June 5, 2000 
58. 2.00 m Dóra Győrffy , Nyíregyháza , July 26, 2001 
59. 2.00 m Wiktorija Serjogina , Bryansk , June 11, 2002 
60. 2.00 m Daniela Rath , Florence , June 22, 2003 
61. 2.00 m Jekaterina Savtschenko , Dudelange , July 1, 2007 
62. 2.00 m Marie-Laurence Jungfleisch , Eberstadt , July 16, 2016 
63. 2.00 m Mirela Demirewa , Stockholm , June 10, 2018 
64. 2.00 m Vashti Cunningham , Palo Alto , June 30, 2019 
65. 2.00 m Karyna Taranda , Lausanne , July 5, 2019 

• Austrian record: 1.97 m Sigrid Kirchmann , Stuttgart , August 21, 1993
• Swiss record: 1.95 m Sieglinde Cadusch , Marietta , September 1, 1995

See also

• List of German champions in high jump
• List of Olympic team abbreviations
• Pole vault
• Standing vault
• High jump with the unicycle ; as well as with the trial bike (with or without run-up and climbing)

literature

• Thomas Zacharias: High jump and long jump perfect - using your head to beat gravity , ISBN 3-921911-05-2 , Nentershausen 1997.
• Wolfgang Killing : Skilfully upwards. From the beginner to the top competitor in the high jump. Philippka-Sportverlag , Münster (Westf.) January 1995, ISBN 3-89417-048-4 .
• Wolfgang Killing: Training and movement theory of the high jump . 1st edition. Sport & Buch Strauss, Cologne 2004, p. 1–319 ( full text [PDF; 7.6 MB ]).

Web links and sources

• High Jump All Time - Eternal world best list of the IAAF, high jump men.
• High Jump All Time - Eternal world best list of the IAAF, high jump women.
• Athletics annual world best list up to 20th place (English) ( Memento from December 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
• Progression of World best performances and official IAAF World Records, 2003 Edition, Monaco, 2003, pp. 152 ff. And 303 ff. (English).
• International Competition Rules -IWR-, edition 2008 (PDF).
• Learn high jump techniques

Individual evidence

1. ↑ International Competition Rules 2012–2013 ( Memento from May 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
2. ↑ High Jump men
3. ↑ High Jump women