800 meter run
The 800-meter run is a discipline in athletics . Together with the 1500 meter run and the mile run , it belongs to the middle distance .
Two whole rounds of the stadium have to be run in the competition. In order to avoid jostling, since the Olympic Games in 1960 the first 100 meters, i.e. the distance to the first corner, have been run in lanes. After that, a curved so-called transition line marks the point where the runner is allowed to leave his path.
The runners start in a standing position, i.e. in a high start. Occasionally, when the number of individual lanes is insufficient, two runners run per lane.
The fastest men achieve times of about 1:41 minutes (world record: 1: 40.91 min), which corresponds to 7.84 m / s or 28.23 km / h.
The fastest women achieve times of around 1:54 minutes (world record: 1: 53.28 min), which corresponds to 7.01 m / s or 25.26 km / h.
The 800-meter run is one of the oldest competition routes and has been part of the men's program since the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 . For women, it was also played once at the first games with women participating ( 1928 ), and then again from 1960 .
history
The 800 meter run is derived from the half- mile distance (880 yards or 804.67 m) that was first competed in Great Britain around 1830.
For a long time it was customary to run the first lap very quickly, until it was realized that better times can be achieved if both laps are run at the same time as possible. In this way, the Briton Tommy Hampson managed to stay below 1:50 minutes for the first time: On August 2, 1932, he ran the 800 meters in 1: 49.7 minutes with lap times of 54.8 seconds and 54.9 seconds.
Interval runs have been the preferred training tool since the late 1930s . Here, routes that are shorter than the competition route are repeated frequently and with only short breaks for relaxation. B. 50 times 100 meters or 20 times 200 meters. The German Rudolf Harbig achieved a world record time of 1: 46.6 minutes with the interval method under his trainer Woldemar Gerschler on July 15, 1939.
Since the early 1960s, interval training has been replaced by endurance training. At the 1960 Olympic Games , New Zealander Peter Snell won the gold medal over 800 meters as a hitherto little-known runner, after training according to Arthur Lydiard 's endurance method . Four years later he was able to win the gold medal in both the 800 and 1500 meters at the 1964 Olympic Games .
Sebastian Coe was one of the first to turn away from Lydiard's more endurance-oriented method and opt for more complex training with a smaller scope ( multi-level training ). Coe was able to improve the 800 meter world record to 1: 41.73 min.
The women's 800-meter run was included in the competition program for the first time at the 1928 Olympic Games , but was immediately canceled because the officials and journalists who were present seemed too exhausted the participants. After that, the route was still run at the Women's World Games - the last time in 1934, so that there were no more high-ranking middle-distance competitions for women. The 800-meter run has been part of the European Athletics Championships again since 1954 , and women have been running the route again at the Olympic Games since 1960 .
Times that were achieved in 880-yard races (804.67 m) are also included in the record lists.
Milestones
- First world record officially recognized by the IAAF : 1: 51.9 min, Ted Meredith , on July 8, 1912
- First man under 2 minutes: 1: 59.8 min, Arthur Pelham , on March 26, 1873
- First official women's world record: 2: 30.4 min, Georgette Lenoir , on August 20, 1922
- First woman under 2 minutes: 1: 59.1 min, Shin Kim Dan , November 12, 1963 (no official world record)
- Men's world record with the longest standing: 1: 41.73 min, Sebastian Coe on June 10, 1981, improved by Wilson Kipketer on August 13, 1997
- Men's world record fastest and up-to-date: 1: 40.91 min, David Rudisha in 2012
- Women's world record with the longest standing: 1: 53.28 min, Jarmila Kratochvílová , since July 26, 1983
Most successful athlete
- Two Olympic victories each:
- Douglas Lowe , 1924 and 1928
- Mal Whitfield , 1948 and 1952
- Peter Snell , 1960 and 1964
- David Rudisha , 2012 and 2016
- Three world championship victories each:
- Maria de Lurdes Mutola , 1993 , 2001 and 2003
- Wilson Kipketer , 1995 , 1997 and 1999
- German Olympic Champion:
statistics
Olympic Games medalist
Men
Women
World Championships medalist
Men
Women
See also
- Olympic medalist
- Medalist at world championships
- Olympic medalists
- Medal winners at world championships
World record development
Men
y: finish time in an 880 yards (804.68 m) run
Time (min) | Surname | date | place |
---|---|---|---|
1: 51.9 | Ted Meredith | July 8, 1912 | Stockholm |
1: 51.6 y | Otto Peltzer | July 3, 1926 | London |
1: 50.6 | Séra Martin | July 14, 1928 | Colombes |
1: 49.8 | Tommy Hampson | August 2, 1932 | los Angeles |
1: 49.8 y | Ben Eastman | June 16, 1934 | Princeton |
1: 49.7 | Glenn Cunningham | August 20, 1936 | Stockholm |
1: 49.6 y | Elroy Robinson | July 11, 1937 | new York |
1: 48.4 | Sydney Wooderson | August 20, 1938 | Motspur Park |
1: 46.6 | Rudolf Harbig | July 15, 1939 | Milan |
1: 45.7 | Roger Moens | 3rd August 1955 | Oslo |
1: 44.3 | Peter Snell | 3rd February 1962 | Christchurch |
1: 44.3 | Ralph Doubell | 15th October 1968 | Mexico city |
1: 44.3 | Dave Wottle | July 1, 1972 | Eugene |
1: 44.1 y | Rick Wohlhuter | June 8, 1974 | Eugene |
1: 43.7 | Marcello Fiasconaro | June 27, 1973 | Milan |
1: 43.5 | Alberto Juantorena | July 25, 1976 | Montreal |
1: 43.4 | Alberto Juantorena | August 21, 1977 | Sofia |
1: 42.4 | Sebastian Coe | 5th July 1979 | Oslo |
1: 41.73 | Sebastian Coe | June 10, 1981 | Florence |
1: 41.73 | Wilson Kipketer | July 7, 1997 | Stockholm |
1: 41.24 | Wilson Kipketer | August 13, 1997 | Zurich |
1: 41.11 | Wilson Kipketer | August 24, 1997 | Cologne |
1: 41.09 | David Rudisha | August 22, 2010 | Berlin |
1: 41.01 | David Rudisha | August 29, 2010 | Rieti |
1: 40.91 | David Rudisha | August 9, 2012 | London |
Women
y: finish time in an 880 yards (804.68 m) run
Time (min) | Surname | date | place |
---|---|---|---|
2: 45.0 y | Nelly Hicks | August 2, 1922 | Torquay |
2: 30.4 | Georgette Lenoir | August 20, 1922 | Paris |
2: 26.2 y | Mary Lines | August 30, 1922 | London |
2: 23.8 | Lina Batschauer | August 7, 1927 | Wroclaw |
2: 20.4 | Inga Gentzel | June 16, 1928 | Stockholm |
2: 19.6 | Lina Batschauer | July 1, 1928 | Brieg |
2: 16.8 | Lina Radke | August 2, 1928 | Amsterdam |
2: 15.9 | Anna Larsson | August 28, 1944 | Stockholm |
2: 14.8 | Anna Larsson | August 19, 1945 | Helsingborg |
2: 13.8 | Anna Larsson | August 30, 1945 | Stockholm |
2: 13.0 | Evdokiya Vasilyeva | 17th July 1950 | Moscow |
2: 12.2 | Valentina Pomogayeva | July 26, 1951 | Moscow |
2: 12.0 | Nina Pletnyova | August 26, 1951 | Minsk |
2: 08.5 | Nina Pletnyova | June 15, 1952 | Kiev |
2: 07.3 | Nina Pletnyova | August 27, 1953 | Moscow |
2: 06.6 | Nina Otkalenko | September 16, 1954 | Kiev |
2: 05.0 | Nina Otkalenko | September 24, 1955 | Zagreb |
2: 04.3 | Lyudmila Shevtsova | September 7, 1960 | Rome |
2: 04.3 | Lyudmila Shevtsova | 3rd July 1960 | Moscow |
2: 01.2 | Dixie Willis | March 3, 1962 | Perth |
2: 01.1 | Ann Packer | October 20, 1964 | Tokyo |
2: 01.0 | Judy Pollock | July 28, 1967 | Helsinki |
2: 00.5 | Vera Nikolić | 20th July 1968 | London |
1: 58.5 | Hildegard Falck | July 11, 1971 | Stuttgart |
1: 57.5 | Svetla Slateva | August 24, 1973 | Athens |
1: 56.0 | Valentina Gerasimova | June 12, 1976 | Kiev |
1: 54.94 | Tatiana Kasankina | July 26, 1976 | Montreal |
1: 54.85 | Nadia Olisarenko | June 12, 1980 | Moscow |
1: 53.43 | Nadia Olisarenko | July 27, 1980 | Moscow |
1: 53.28 | Jarmila Kratochvílová | July 26, 1983 | Munich |
More records
(Last updated 2012)
class | Time (min) | Surname | date | place |
---|---|---|---|---|
Olympic record | 1: 40.91 | David Rudisha | 08/09/2012 | London |
Junior world record (M) | 1: 42.69 | Abubaker persimmon | 06/06/2008 | Oslo |
Junior world record (F) | 1: 54.01 | Pamela Jelimo | 08/29/2008 | Zurich |
Youth World Record (M) | 1: 44.34 | Belal Mansoor Ali | 06/17/2005 | Coneglio |
Youth World Record (F) | 1: 57.18 | Wang Yuan | 09/08/1993 | Beijing |
Austrian national record (M) | 1: 46.21 | Michael Wildner | 07/19/1992 | Ingolstadt |
Austrian national record (F) | 1: 56.64 | Stephanie Graf | 09/25/2000 | Sydney |
Swiss National Record (M) | 1: 42.55 | André Bucher | 08/17/2001 | Zurich |
Swiss National Record (F) | 1: 57.95 | Selina Büchel | 04/07/2015 | Paris |
World best list
Men
All runners with a time of 1: 43.15 minutes or faster.
Last change: October 15, 2019
- 1: 40.91 min David Rudisha , London , August 9, 2012
- 1: 41.11 min Wilson Kipketer , Cologne , August 24, 1997
- 1: 41.73 min Sebastian Coe , Florence , June 10, 1981
- 1: 41.73 min Nijel Amos , London , August 9, 2012
- 1: 41.77 min Joaquim Cruz , Cologne , August 26, 1984
- 1: 42.05 min Emmanuel Korir , London , July 22, 2018
- 1: 42.23 min Abubaker Kaki , Oslo , June 4, 2010
- 1: 42.28 min Sammy Koskei , Cologne , August 26, 1984
- 1: 42.34 min Wilfred Bungei , Rieti , September 8, 2002
- 1: 42.34 min Donavan Brazier , Doha , October 1, 2019
- 1: 42.37 min Mohammed Aman , Brussels , September 6, 2013
- 1: 42.47 min Juri Borsakowski , Brussels , August 24, 2001
- 1: 42.51 min Amel Tuka , Monaco , July 17, 2015
- 1: 42.53 min Timothy Kitum , London , August 9, 2012
- 1: 42.53 min Pierre-Ambroise Bosse , Monaco , July 18, 2014
- 1: 42.54 min Ferguson Cheruiyot Rotich , Monaco , July 12, 2019
- 1: 42.55 min André Bucher , Zurich , August 17, 2001
- 1: 42.58 min Vebjørn Rodal , Atlanta , July 31, 1996
- 1: 42.60 min Johnny Gray , Koblenz , August 28, 1985
- 1: 42.61 min Taoufik Makhloufi , Rio de Janeiro , August 15, 2016
- 1: 42.62 min Patrick Ndururi , Zurich , August 13, 1997
- 1: 42.67 min Alfred Kirwa Yego , Rieti , September 6, 2009
- 1: 42.69 min Hezekiél Sepeng , Brussels , September 3, 1999
- 1: 42.69 min Japheth Kimutai , Brussels , September 3, 1999
- 1: 42.79 min Frederick Onyancha , Atlanta , July 31, 1996
- 1: 42.79 min Yusuf Saad Kamel , Monaco , July 29, 2008
- 1: 42.81 min Jean-Patrick Nduwimana , Zurich , August 17, 2001
- 1: 42.82 min Duane Solomon , London , August 9, 2012
- 1: 42.85 min Norberto Téllez , Atlanta , July 31, 1996
- 1: 42.86 min Mbulaeni Mulaudzi , Rieti , September 6, 2009
- 1: 42.87 min Alfred Kipketer , Paris , August 27, 2016
- 1: 42.88 min Steve Cram , Zurich , August 21, 1985
- 1: 42.91 min William Yiampoy , Rieti , September 8, 2002
- 1: 42.93 min Clayton Murphy , Rio de Janeiro , August 15, 2016
- 1: 42.95 min Boaz Kiplagat Lalang , Rieti , August 29, 2010
- 1: 42.95 min Nick Symmonds , London , August 9, 2012
- 1: 42.97 min Peter Elliott , Seville , May 30, 1990
- 1: 42.97 min Ayanleh Souleiman , Monaco , July 17, 2015
- 1: 42.98 min Patrick Konchellah , Cologne , August 24, 1997
- 1: 43.03 min Kennedy Kimwetich , Stuttgart , July 19, 1998
- 1: 43.05 min Jonathan Kitilit , Paris , August 27, 2016
- 1: 43.06 min Billy Konchellah , Rome , September 1, 1987
- 1: 43.07 min Yeiman López , Jerez de la Frontera , June 24, 2008
- 1: 43.08 min José Luíz Barbosa , Rieti , September 6, 1991
- 1: 43.09 min Djabir Saïd-Guerni , Brussels , September 3, 1999
- 1: 43.11 min Timothy Cheruiyot , Nairobi , August 22, 2019
- 1: 43.12 min Wycliffe Kinyamal , London , July 22, 2018
- 1: 43.13 min Abraham Kipchirchir Rotich , Monaco , July 20, 2012
- 1: 43.15 min Mehdi Baala , Rieti , September 8, 2002
- 1: 43.15 min Asbel Kiprop , Monaco , July 22, 2011
- German record: Willi Wülbeck - 1: 43.65 min on August 9, 1983 in Helsinki
- Austrian record: Michael Wildner - 1: 46.21 min on July 19, 1992 in Ingolstadt
- Swiss record: André Bucher - 1: 42.55 min on August 17, 2001 in Zurich
Women
All runners with a time of 1: 56.64 minutes or better.
Last change: July 20, 2018
- 1: 53.28 min Jarmila Kratochvílová , Munich , July 26, 1983
- 1: 53.43 min Nadija Olisarenko , Moscow , July 27, 1980
- 1: 54.01 min Pamela Jelimo , Zurich , August 29, 2008
- 1: 54.25 mins Caster Semenya , Paris , June 30, 2018
- 1: 54.44 min Ana Fidelia Quirot , Barcelona , September 9, 1989
- 1: 54.81 min Olga Minejewa , Moscow , July 27, 1980
- 1: 54.94 min Tatjana Kasankina , Montreal , July 26, 1976
- 1: 55.05 min Doina Melinte , Bucharest , August 1, 1982
- 1: 55.19 min Maria de Lurdes Mutola , Zurich , August 17, 1994
- 1: 55.19 min Jolanda Čeplak , Heusden-Zolder , July 20, 2002
- 1: 55.26 min Sigrun Wodars , Rome , August 31, 1987
- 1: 55.32 min Christine Wachtel , Rome , August 31, 1987
- 1: 55.42 min Nikolina Schterewa , Montreal , July 26, 1976
- 1: 55.46 min Tatiana Prowidochina , Moscow , July 27, 1980
- 1: 55.47 min Francine Niyonsaba , Monaco , July 21, 2017
- 1: 55.54 min Ellen van Langen , Barcelona , August 3, 1992
- 1: 55.54 min Liu Dong , Beijing , September 9, 1993
- 1: 55.56 min Lyubov Gurina , Rome , August 31, 1987
- 1: 55.60 min Elfi Zinn , Montreal , July 26, 1976
- 1: 55.61 min Ajee Wilson , Monaco , July 21, 2017
- 1: 55.68 min Ella Kovacs , Bucharest , June 2, 1985
- 1: 55.69 min Irina Podjalowskaja , Kiev , June 22, 1984
- 1: 55.74 min Anita Weiß , Montreal , July 26, 1976
- 1: 55.87 min Swetlana Masterkowa , Moscow , June 18, 1999
- 1: 55.96 min Lyudmila Wesselkowa , Athens , September 8, 1982
- 1: 55.96 min Ekaterina Podkopajewa , Leningrad , July 27, 1983
- 1: 55.99 min Lilija Nurutdinowa , Barcelona , August 3, 1992
- 1: 56.00 min Tatjana Andrianowa , Kazan , July 18, 2008
- 1: 56.04 min Janeth Jepkosgei , Osaka , August 28, 2007
- 1: 56.09 min Zulia Calatayud , Monaco , July 19, 2002
- 1: 56.15 min Natoya Goule , Monaco , July 20, 2018
- 1: 56.21 min Martina Kämpfert , Moscow , July 27, 1980
- 1: 56.21 min Samira Saizewa , Leningrad , July 27, 1983
- 1: 56.21 min Kelly Holmes , Monaco , September 9, 1995
- 1: 56.24 min Rawilja Agletdinova , Leningrad , August 1, 1985
- 1: 56.24 min Qu Yunxia , Beijing , September 9, 1993
- 1: 56.40 min Jearl Miles Clark , Zurich , August 11, 1999
- 1: 56.42 min Paula Ivan , Ankara , July 16, 1988
- 1: 56.43 min Hasna Benhassi , Athens , August 23, 2004
- 1: 56.44 min Swetlana Styrkina , Montreal , July 26, 1976
- 1: 56.51 min Slobodanka Čolović , Belgrade , June 17, 1987
- 1: 56.53 min Patricia Djaté-Taillard , Monaco , September 9, 1995
- 1: 56.56 min Ludmila Formanová , Zurich , August 11, 1999
- 1: 56.57 min Soja Rigel , Prague , August 31, 1978
- 1: 56.59 min Totka Petrowa , Prague , August 31, 1978
- 1: 56.59 min Natalja Khrushchelyova , Tula , July 31, 2004
- 1: 56.60 min Natalja Zyganowa , Tula , July 25, 2000
- 1: 56.61 min Jelena Afanassjewa , Zurich , August 13, 1997
- 1: 56.62 min Tina Paulino , New York , May 22, 1993
- 1: 56.64 min Nadezhda Loboyko , Kiev , July 7, 1990
- 1: 56.64 min Stephanie Graf , Sydney , September 25, 2000
- 1: 56.64 min Svetlana Klyuka , Kazan , July 18, 2008
- German record: Sigrun Wodars - 1: 55.26 min on August 31, 1987 in Rome
- Austrian record: Stephanie Graf - 1: 56.64 min on September 25, 2000 in Sydney
- Swiss record: Selina Büchel - 1: 57.95 min on July 4th, 2015 in Paris
Training methods
There are three training methods that can be described as main training methods: Intensive interval training, continuous performance training, and multi-level training. There are also a number of modifications to these methods.
Intensive interval training (according to Woldemar Gerschler)
The training, first used by Rudolf Harbig from Dresden's Woldemar Gerschler, aims at particularly frequent and quick repetitions of short distances (up to a maximum of 600 meters) with short pauses. This improves speed endurance to such an extent that the lactate load at the end of a race is no longer so extreme over 800 meters .
Harbig ran through this method e.g. B. in 1939 the world record over 800 meters of 1: 46.6 minutes and also became European champion in 1938.
Endurance training (based on Arthur Lydiard)
At the end of the 1950s, New Zealander Arthur Lydiard came to the conclusion that one can move the individual anaerobic threshold (the threshold between the provision of energy predominantly caused by glycolysis ) further up by running large amounts of continuous running (up to 160 kilometers per week) .
Through this training method z. B. Peter Snell three times Olympic gold over 800 and 1500 meters . Snell also improved the world record over 800 meters.
Multi-level training (after Peter Coe)
The multi-level training was developed in the early 1970s by the British Peter Coe , father of the legendary Sebastian Coe . This training method is aimed at complex training. Endurance runs , speed training , strength training and coordinative training are carried out all year round . Depending on the time of the season, however, the focus of the training is changed. In winter, long runs are preferred in the northern hemisphere in order to develop a basis for the speed training that begins in spring. In summer or before the high points of the season, the final touches for the competitive athlete can then be given with many short tempo runs. Fundamental aspects of multi-level training were already included in Frank Horwill's multi-tempo training from the British Milers Club, to which Sebastian Coe also belonged.
With this training method z. B. Sebastian Coe twice Olympic gold over 1500 and two Olympic silver over 800 meters. Coe also set numerous world records from 800 meters to the mile. Also Saïd Aouita and the training group to Hicham El Guerrouj used slightly modified versions of the multi-stage training.
See also
literature
- Arnd Krüger : The classification of Roger Bannister's performance in the history of training for medium and long distances, in: J. BUSCHMANN & S. WASSONG (Ed.): Cross-country skiing through the Olympic history. Festschrift for Karl Lennartz. Cologne: Carl and Liselott Diem - Archive 2005, 349 - 372. ISDN: 3883380156
- Arnd Krüger : Many roads lead to the Olympics. The changes in the training systems for middle and long distance runners (1850-1997), in: N. Gissel (Hrsg.): Sportliche Leistungs im Wandel. Hamburg 1998: Czwalina, pp. 41-56.
- Progression of World best performances and official IAAF World Records, 2003 Edition, Monaco, 2003, p. 50 ff. And P. 259 ff. (English)
Web links
- Eternal world best list of the IAAF, 800 m men (English)
- Eternal world best list of the IAAF, 800 m women (English)
- Athletics annual world best list up to 20th place ( Memento from July 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
- Statistical site on the 800-meter race (English)